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This investigation has been carried out for thermal-diffusion (Dufour) and diffusion-thermo (Soret) effects on the boundary layer flow of Jeffrey fluid in the region of stagnation-point towards a stretching sheet. Heat transfer occurring during the melting process due to a stretching sheet is considered. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

The authors convert governing partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations by using suitable transformations. Analytic solutions of velocity and temperature are found by using homotopy analysis method (HAM). Further graphs are displayed to study the salient features of embedding parameters. Expressions of skin friction coefficient, local Nusselt number and local Sherwood number have also been derived and examined.

It is found that velocity and the boundary layer thickness are increasing functions of viscoelastic parameter (Deborah number). An increase in the melting process enhances the fluid velocity. An opposite effect of melting heat process is noticed on velocity and skin friction.

The boundary layer flow in non-Newtonian fluids is very important in many applications including polymer and food processing, transpiration cooling, drag reduction, thermal oil recovery and ice and magma flows. Further, the thermal diffusion effect is employed for isotope separation and in mixtures between gases with very light and medium molecular weight.

Very scarce literature is available on thermal-diffusion (Dufour) and diffusion-thermo (Soret) effects on the boundary layer flow of Jeffrey fluid in the region of stagnation-point towards a stretching sheet with melting heat transfer. Series solution is developed using HAM. Further, the authors compare the present results with the existing in literature and found excellent agreement.

The purpose of this paper is to study the thin film flow of a fourth grade fluid subject to slip conditions in order to understand its velocity profile.

An exact expression for flow velocity is derived in terms of hyperbolic sine functions. The practical usage of the exact flow velocity is restrictive as it involves very complicated integrals. Therefore, an approximate solution is also derived using a Galerkin finite element method and numerical error analysis is performed.

The behavior of fluid velocity with respect to various flow parameters is discussed. The results are not restrictive to small values of flow parameters unlike those obtained earlier using homotopy analysis method and homotopy perturbation method.

An approximate solution based on finite element technique is derived.

The purpose of this paper is to study the Soret and Dufour effects in three-dimensional flow induced by an exponential stretching surface in a porous medium.

Series solutions are developed.

The authors observed that the temperature profile and thermal boundary layer thickness are enhanced when the authors increase the values of Dufour number. It is also examined that the concentration field and its associated boundary layer thickness are higher for the larger values of Soret number.

Such investigation is not available in the literature.

The purpose of this paper is to develop a model for the peristaltic transport of water-based nanofluids and to analyze the impact of nanoparticles on the heat transfer characteristics.

Numerical solutions are obtained using the shooting method.

Pressure gradient decreases whereas the peristaltic pumping region increases with an increase in nanoparticle volume fraction. Silver-water nanofluid experiences greater frictional force at the wall. Temperature of the nanofluid decreases with an increase in nanoparticle volume fraction. Nanoparticles largely increase the heat transfer rate at the boundary. Such increase is maximum when is varied between zero and 0.1.

This paper first time develops a model to examine the peristaltic flow of water-based nanofluids. Enhancement of heat transfer in the peristaltic flows due to addition of nanoparticles is investigated.

The present investigation aims to deal with the study of unsteady, heat-generating/-absorbing and chemically reacting Casson fluid flow over a vertical cone and flat plate saturated with non-Darcy porous medium in the presence of cross-diffusion effects.

A numerical computation for the governing equations has been performed using implicit finite difference method of Crank–Nicolson type.

The influence of various physical parameters on velocity, temperature and concentration distributions is illustrated graphically, and the physical aspects are discussed in detail. Numerical results for average skin-friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are tabulated for the pertaining physical parameters. Results indicate that Soret and Dufour effects have notable influence on heat and mass transfer characteristics of the fluid when the temperature and concentration gradients are high. It is also observed that the consideration of heat generation/absorption plays a vital role in predicting the heat transfer characteristics of moving fluids.

Consider a two-dimensional, unsteady, free convective flow of an incompressible Casson fluid over a vertical cone and a flat plate saturated with non-Darcy porous medium. The fluid properties are assumed to be constant except for density variations in the buoyancy force term. The fluid flow is moderate and the permeability of the medium is assumed to be low, so that the Forchheimer flow model is applicable.

The flow of Casson fluids (such as drilling muds, clay coatings and other suspensions, certain oils and greases, polymer melts and many emulsions), in the presence of heat transfer, is an important research area because of its relevance in the optimized processing of chocolate, toffee and other foodstuffs.

In the heat and mass transfer investigations, the Casson fluid model is found to be accurately applicable in many practical situations in the wings of polymer processing industries and biomechanics, etc.; some prominent examples are silicon suspensions, suspensions of bentonite in water and lithographic varnishes used for printing inks.

The motivation of the present study is to bring out the effects of heat source/sink, Soret and Dufour effects on chemically reacting Casson fluid flow over a vertical cone and flat plate saturated with non-Darcy porous medium. The flow of Casson fluids (such as certain oils and greases, polymer melts and many emulsions) in the presence of heat transfer is an important research area because of its relevance in the optimized processing of chocolate, toffee and other foodstuffs. A numerical computation for the governing equations has been performed using implicit finite difference method of the Crank–Nicolson type.

The purpose of this paper is to assess the flow of a nanofluid over a porous moving wedge. The passive control model along with the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effects is used to formulate the problem. Furthermore, in energy equation, the non-linear thermal radiation has also been incorporated. The equations governing the flow are transformed into a set of ordinary differential equations by using suitable similarity transforms. The reduced system of equations is then solved numerically using a well-known Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method coupled with a shooting technique. The influence of parameters involved on velocity, temperature and concentration profiles is highlighted with the help of a graphical aid. Expressions for skin-friction coefficient, local Nusselt number and Sherwood number are obtained and presented graphically.

Numerical solution of the problem is obtained using the well-known Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method.

The analysis provided gives a clear description that the increase in m and magnetic parameter M results in an increased velocity profile. Both these parameters normalize the velocity field. Radiation parameter, Rd, increases the temperature and concentration of the system so does the temperature ratio θ_ω reduces the heat transfer rate at the wall for both stretching and shrinking wedge.

In the study presented, the flow of nanofluid over a moving permeable wedge is considered. The solution of the equations governing the flow is presented numerically. For the validity of results obtained, a comparison is also presented with already existing results. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this investigation is the first of its kind on the said topic.

The purpose of this study is to analyze thermo-diffusion and diffusion-thermo effects, combined with first-order chemical reaction, in the flow of a micropolar fluid through an asymmetric channel with porous boundaries. Suction/injection velocities of upper and lower walls are taken to be different from each other. The channel exhibits a parting or embracing motion and the fluid enters, or leaves, the channel because of suction/injection through the permeable walls.

The solution of the problem is obtained by using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method combined with the shooting technique.

The asymmetric nature of the channel that is caused by the different permeabilities of the walls deeply influences the flow. The temperature of the fluid rises significantly by increasing the absolute value of A for both Case I and Case II. While, for the concentration profile, the concentration drops near the lower vicinity of the center in Case I, and, it falls near the lower wall of the channel in Case II. Stronger Dufour effects increase the temperature of the fluid except for Case 1 at the center of the channel and for Case II in lower quarter of the channel.

It is confirmed that the presented work is original and is not under consideration by any other journal.

The purpose of this paper is to present investigation of the flow, heat and mass transfer of a nanofluid over a suddenly moved flat plate using Buongiorno’s model. This study is different from some of the previous studies as the effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis on nanoparticle fraction are passively controlled on the boundary rather than actively.

The partial differential equations governing the flow are reduced to a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations. Viable similarity transforms are used for this purpose. A well-known numerical scheme called Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method coupled with shooting procedure has been used to find the solution of resulting system of equations. Discussions on the effects of different emerging parameters are provided using graphical aid. A table is also given that provides the results of different parameters on local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers.

A revised model for Stokes’ first problem in nanofluids is presented in this paper. This model considers a zero flux condition at the boundary. Governing equations after implementing the similarity transforms get converted into a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations. Numerical solution using RK-Fehlberg method is also carried out. Emerging parameters are analyzed graphically. Figures indicate a quite significant change in concentration profile due to zero flux condition at the wall.

This work can be extended for other problems involving nanofluids for the better understanding of different properties of nanofluids.

Health care is a complex system, mandating adoption of unrelenting updates of guidelines and best practices. Securing a balanced system of current practice and matching documentation has always been a challenge due to impaired connection between traditional forms of documentation (e.g. policies, procedures, and guidelines) and users. Departmental manuals always find their way back to shelves away from the workplace, and continuous interaction with customers and complexity of business processes hinder timely update and consequently sustainable improvement. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

In late 2014, the corresponding author visited Japan as part of Kaizen benchmark tour that introduced the concepts and applications of “Kaizen,” the Japanese word for continuous improvement, in Toyota factory and health care institutes in Fukuoka, Nagoya, and Tokyo. Soon thereafter, the authors adopted Kaizen to be the organizational theme for improvement. QPS team launched several initiatives throughout 2015 to improve the quality of documentation. Documents submitted had one thing in common, all participants used flowcharts, diagrams, and even drawings to simplify hard-to-understand processes. This challenge highlighted the utilization of diagrams, well-organized forms, infographics, and other methods to simplify processes and to vitalize documents.

Since the hospital utilizes the paper-form prescribing system, prescription errors lead to delays in dispensing time, affecting patient satisfaction in emergency room’s pharmacy. Pharmacy team launched a project using document vitalization as an improvement strategy. Aggregate results showed 16.7 percent reduction in average time per prescription in inpatient pharmacy and 20.0 percent reduction in emergency room pharmacy. Although measurements did not continue over a longer period or were statistically analyzed, they provide a crude indication of possible improvement using document vitalization.

Lack of a sound measurement system with proper statistical analysis prevented the provision of reliable evidence of improvement. Moreover, lack of previous case studies has been an obstacle. It is the authors’ plan to provide measurable evidence of improvement for multiple projects through measurement of process time, customer and employee satisfaction, the number of process errors, etc. Nevertheless, feedback from users provides a rough indication of possible improvement using document vitalization. It is the authors’ aim to incorporate “document vitalization” into the fabric of documentation process and SFHPM culture.

Empowerment creates an energy-filled work environment where staff members feel they are the real change factors and are actively contributing to the advancement and success of their organizations (Taylor 2013). This does not mean allowing chaos and unplanned changes to disrupt process flow but rather to leave room for trial and error in a controlled environment and pilot-testing significant changes before generalization.

The term vitalization itself is a brand new one used in this field, and the authors introduce it for the first time to be a solution that comes from frontliners and can bridge the gap between document and practice. If all document vitalization successes were a tribute to one factor, it would be “empowerment.” Once leaders have the courage to listen to frontline staff voice and allow them to do things differently, the staff members will surprise their organizations with the marvels of their creations.

Nanofluid flow which is squeezed between parallel plates is studied using differential transformation method (DTM). The fluid in the enclosure is water containing different types of nanoparticles: Al₂O₃ and CuO. The effective thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanofluid are calculated by Koo–Kleinstreuer–Li (KKL) correlation. The comparison between the results from DTM and numerical method are in well agreement which proofs the capability of this method for solving such problems. Effects of the squeeze number and nanofluid volume fraction on flow and heat transfer are examined. Results indicate that Nusselt number augment with increase of the nanoparticle volume fraction. Also, it can be found that heat transfer enhancement of CuO is higher than Al₂O₃.

The problem of nanofluid flow which is squeezed between parallel plates is investigated analytically using DTM. The fluid in the enclosure is water containing different types of nanoparticles: Al₂O₃ and CuO. The effective thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanofluid are calculated by KKL correlation. In this model, effect of Brownian motion on the effective thermal conductivity is considered. The comparison between the results from DTM and numerical method are in well agreement which proves the capability of this method for solving such problems. The effect of the squeeze number and the nanofluid volume fraction on flow and heat transfer is investigated. The results show that Nusselt number increase with increase of the nanoparticle volume fraction. Also, it can be found that heat transfer enhancement of CuO is higher than Al₂O₃.

The effect of the squeeze number and the nanofluid volume fraction on flow and heat transfer is investigated. The results show that Nusselt number increase with increase of the nanoparticle volume fraction. Also, it can be found that heat transfer enhancement of CuO is higher than Al₂O₃.

This paper is original.