Amiza Rasmi, Arjuna Marzuki, Mohd Nizam Osman, Ahmad Ismat Abdul Rahim, Mohamed Razman Yahya and Abdul Fatah Awang Mat
The purpose of this paper is to discuss medium‐power amplifier (MPA) design using parasitic‐aware core‐based approach.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to discuss medium‐power amplifier (MPA) design using parasitic‐aware core‐based approach.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper discusses a core‐based design approach, which can also deliver multi‐band radio frequency integrated circuit.
Findings
A fabricated 3.5 GHz MPA achieved a P1dB of 16.81 dBm, power‐added efficiency (PAE) of 16.74 percent and gain of 6.81 dB at the 10 dBm of input power under a low‐power supply of 3 V. The maximum current, Imax is 80.7 mA and the power consumption of the device is 242.10 mW. A fabricated 2.4 GHz MPA achieved a P1dB of 14.83 dBm, PAE of 11.73 percent and gain of 9.83 dB at the 5.0 dBm of input power under a low‐power supply of 3.0 V. The maximum current, Imax is 84.4 mA and the power consumption for this device is 253.20 mW.
Originality/value
This paper shows the merits of the parasitic‐aware design methods used in designing the core circuit.
Details
Keywords
Siti Maisurah Mohd Hassan, Mohd Azmi Ismail, Nazif Emran Farid, Norman Fadhil Idham Muhammad and Ahmad Ismat Abdul Rahim
The purpose of this paper is to design and implement a fully integrated low‐phase noise and large tuning range dual‐band LC voltage‐controlled oscillator (VCO) in 0.13 μm…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to design and implement a fully integrated low‐phase noise and large tuning range dual‐band LC voltage‐controlled oscillator (VCO) in 0.13 μm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology.
Design/methodology/approach
Two parallel‐connected single‐band VCOs are designed to implement the proposed VCO. Adopting a simple and straight‐forward architecture, the dual‐band VCO is configured to operate at two frequency bands, which are from 1.48 GHz to 1.78 GHz and from 2.08 GHz to 2.45 GHz. A band selection circuit is designed to perform band selection process based on the controlling input signal.
Findings
The proposed VCO features phase noise of −104.7 dBc/Hz and −108.8 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset frequency for both low corner and high corner end of the low‐band operation. For high‐band operation, phase‐noise performance of −101.1 dBc/Hz and −110.4 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset frequency are achieved. The measured output power of the dual‐band VCO ranges from −8.4 dBm to −5.8 dBm and from −9.6 dBm to −8.0 dBm for low‐band and high‐band operation, respectively. It was also observed that the power differences between the fundamental spectrum and the nearby spurious tone range from −67.5 dBc to −47.7 dBc.
Originality/value
The paper is useful to both the academic and industrial fields since it promotes the concept of multi‐band or multi‐standard system which is currently in demand in the telecommunication industry.
Details
Keywords
- Oscillators
- Integrated circuits
- Complementary metal oxide semiconductor
- Radio frequency
- Wireless communication
- Voltage‐controlled oscillator
- Dual‐band voltage‐controlled oscillator
- Reconfigurable voltage‐controlled oscillator
- Switchable voltage‐controlled oscillator
- LC‐tank oscillator
- Current‐mode logic circuit