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Article
Publication date: 25 July 2023

Aditya Korekallu Srinivasa, K.V. Praveen, Subash Surendran Padmaja, M.L. Nithyashree and Girish K. Jha

This paper examines whether farmers' knowledge of the minimum support prices (MSPs) affects farm-gate prices. MSP is the minimum guaranteed price for agricultural commodities…

6583

Abstract

Purpose

This paper examines whether farmers' knowledge of the minimum support prices (MSPs) affects farm-gate prices. MSP is the minimum guaranteed price for agricultural commodities announced by the Government of India for 24 commodities. Most farmers in India prefer to sell their produce at the farm-gate due to a small marketable surplus and hence do not directly benefit from MSP. The authors test the common argument in the political discourse that if farmers have knowledge of MSP, then they can bargain with traders during the farm-gate transaction and demand a better price close to MSP.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors use matching methods to examine the impact of knowledge of MSP on farm-gate prices.

Findings

Using nationally representative data, the authors show that there is no empirical evidence that the knowledge of MSP of the crops leads to higher bargaining power and better farm-gate prices.

Practical implications

Price information (MSP in this case) alone cannot improve the bargaining power of farmers and result in a better price realization. As a safety net, MSP fails in the absence of procurement of products by the government. This also raises the question of the equitability of the price support system in India and calls for a rethink of the MSP policy.

Originality/value

This study is the first of its kind to examine the anchoring effect of knowledge of MSP on farm-gate prices using a nationally representative dataset.

Details

Journal of Economics and Development, vol. 25 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1859-0020

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Article
Publication date: 3 October 2020

Anjani Kumar, Raya Das, Aditya K S, Seema Bathla and Girish K. Jha

This paper is an attempt to understand the pattern of credit among agricultural households in Eastern India and to identify the correlates of their access to institutional credit…

586

Abstract

Purpose

This paper is an attempt to understand the pattern of credit among agricultural households in Eastern India and to identify the correlates of their access to institutional credit for policy imperatives.

Design/methodology/approach

The study uses unit-level data from the All-India Debt and Investment Survey of the 59th and 70th rounds of the National Sample Survey Office for the years 2002–2003 and 2012–2013. Cragg's double-hurdle model and the Heckman selection model are used to estimate the determinants of access to and the amount of institutional loans taken by households. These models also account for potential selection bias in the findings.

Findings

The study reveals that access to credit is strongly associated with the socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of agricultural households. However, about half of the farmers in the eastern states of India lack access to institutional credit despite the government's attempts to include them in the ambit of formal financial services. Thus, strategies for developing agriculture in Eastern India must include efforts to bring small and marginal farmers under the coverage of institutional credit.

Research limitations/implications

These data are based on the responses given by the sample households and not the experimental data. The data pertain to the year 2013.

Originality/value

The findings emphasize that strategies for developing agriculture in Eastern India must give special push to enhance small and marginal farmers' access to institutional credit.

Details

Agricultural Finance Review, vol. 81 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-1466

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Book part
Publication date: 6 February 2023

Amartya Pani and Pulak Mishra

While rapid increase in demand for foods but limited availability of croplands has forced to adopt input-intensive farming practices to increase yield, there are serious long-term…

Abstract

While rapid increase in demand for foods but limited availability of croplands has forced to adopt input-intensive farming practices to increase yield, there are serious long-term ecological implications including degradation of biodiversity. It is increasingly recognised that ensuring agricultural sustainability under the changing climatic conditions requires a change in the production system along with necessary policies and institutional arrangements. In this context, this chapter examines if climate-smart agriculture (CSA) can facilitate adaptation and mitigation practices by improving resource utilisation efficiency in India. Such an attempt has special significance as the existing studies have very limited discussions on three main aspects, viz., resource productivity, adaptation practices and mitigation strategies in a comprehensive manner. Based on insights from the existing studies, this chapter points out that CSA can potentially make significant contribution to enhancing resource productivity, adaptation practices, mitigation strategies and food security, especially among the land-constrained farmers who are highly prone to environmental shocks. In this connection, staggered trench irrigation structure has facilitated rainwater harvesting, local irrigation and livelihood generation in West Bengal. However, it is necessary to revisit the existing approaches to promotion of CSA and dissemination of information on the design of local adaptation strategies. This chapter also proposes a change in the food system from climate-sensitive to CSA through integration of technologies, institutions and policies.

Details

The Impact of Environmental Emissions and Aggregate Economic Activity on Industry: Theoretical and Empirical Perspectives
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80382-577-9

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Book part
Publication date: 11 December 2024

Praveen K. Dubey

This paper provides an examination of the characteristics of educational shift in Indian education during COVID-19 based on the existing research published from March 2020 to…

Abstract

This paper provides an examination of the characteristics of educational shift in Indian education during COVID-19 based on the existing research published from March 2020 to December 2023. The paper examines the technological preparedness of all the stakeholders and how technological preparedness created digital equity and inclusivity for digital learning in Indian schools. Given the world-wide closure and shutdown during early 2020, schools were forced to switch their instructions to the newly adopted educational model; namely, digital learning which makes it important to examine two aspects in education: (1) measures taken to provide digital educational opportunities to all students and (2) steps taken to create digital equity and inclusivity in the Indian educational system. The results suggest that several initiatives were taken at national, state, and local level. However, issues of digital equity existed for underprivileged student populations.

Details

Annual Review of Comparative and International Education 2023
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83549-318-2

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Book part
Publication date: 24 February 2023

Micaela Jaramillo-Arévalo, Aldo Alvarez-Risco, Myreya De-La-Cruz-Diaz, Maria de las Mercedes Anderson-Seminario and Shyla Del-Aguila-Arcentales

Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education, its importance, and its difficulties have been defined. This chapter seeks to present the digital tools that…

Abstract

Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education, its importance, and its difficulties have been defined. This chapter seeks to present the digital tools that have been used during the pandemic period and that have been focused on promoting STEM education at different levels. The efforts made by educational organizations worldwide are mentioned. Different regions are shown presenting the best experiences of digital tools that enhance the elements of STEM and can be extended to different levels of education from elementary school to university. On the other hand, successful experiences of the use of technological tools from the teachers' point of view are shown, depicting the tools that have worked the most during the process of adapting to online classes to devise a much better educational plan that continues to take advantage of digital tools for STEM education.

Details

Sustainable Management in COVID-19 Times
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80382-597-7

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Book part
Publication date: 9 May 2023

André Renz and Romy Hilbig

During the Coronavirus crisis (COVID-19) that started in 2019 and at the extensive quarantine regulations, educational institutions, companies, and individuals have reacted by…

Abstract

During the Coronavirus crisis (COVID-19) that started in 2019 and at the extensive quarantine regulations, educational institutions, companies, and individuals have reacted by shifting their teaching and learning activities to virtual spaces. Yet, although the use of online learning has increased, it has not been able to achieve the long-promised transformative effect. The COVID-19 crisis has the potential to boost online education overall or at least enable better preparation of the system for the next crisis. Ultimately, to make a digital transformation sustainable, appropriate skills are required. In this study, we adapt the dynamic capabilities foundations creating a theoretical approach to explain how educational institutions have responded to the changing environmental conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Details

Beyond the Pandemic? Exploring the Impact of COVID-19 on Telecommunications and the Internet
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80262-050-4

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Book part
Publication date: 24 February 2023

Luis Juarez-Rojas, Aldo Alvarez-Risco, Nilda Campos-Dávalos, Maria de las Mercedes Anderson-Seminario and Shyla Del-Aguila-Arcentales

Food insecurity in the Latin American region has become a complex problem that significantly impacts people's physical and mental well-being. The factors causing food insecurity…

Abstract

Food insecurity in the Latin American region has become a complex problem that significantly impacts people's physical and mental well-being. The factors causing food insecurity are varied, ranging from social, political, and economic causes. Ensuring access to food is not a task with limited responsibilities; on the contrary, both public and private institutions must contribute to creating sustainable and innovative solutions. In general, it is necessary to ensure that the food system flows correctly, ensuring the availability of balanced and nutritious food for the diet of the inhabitants of a given nation. Alternative solutions apart from the government's help include sustainable cultivation, finger millet, and close cooperation with the farmers from the agriculture sector. The present research aims to consolidate theoretical information on the Latin American situation and seek the leading solutions of the parties involved.

Details

Sustainable Management in COVID-19 Times
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80382-597-7

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Article
Publication date: 7 April 2023

Mohit Ray, Avinash Kumar and Samir K. Srivastava

Despite various consequences for different stakeholders in the mustard ecosystem, India prohibited blending in mustard oil to achieve self-reliance in edible oils and promote…

259

Abstract

Purpose

Despite various consequences for different stakeholders in the mustard ecosystem, India prohibited blending in mustard oil to achieve self-reliance in edible oils and promote consumer health. This paper uncovers the implications of this policy on mustard production, consumption and prices.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper deploys system dynamics (SD) to model the mustard ecosystem. SD uses simulation modeling to comprehend the nonlinear behavior of complex systems over time utilizing causal-loop and stock-flow diagrams.

Findings

While the mustard price does not vary in the short run, it diverges toward a higher side in the long run due to the changed policy mandate. Surprisingly, due to the predominance of market prices, the policy administered minimum support price (MSP) was found to have a limited influence on mustard prices. Hence, the focus should be on supply augmentation through non-price-based measures like disseminating information to enhance the yield rate of seed production and promoting the adoption of efficient technologies with higher oil conversion efficiency.

Research limitations/implications

The paper allows policymakers to quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of policy interventions to mitigate the adverse impacts of policy mandate. It presents a reliable roadmap for policymakers to roll out effective policies.

Originality/value

The paper uncovers the system-level impact of policy on stakeholders and examines the effectiveness of MSP.

Details

Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies, vol. 14 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2044-0839

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Article
Publication date: 5 May 2021

Aditya Kolakoti

This study aims to improve the performance and to regulate the harmful emission from the diesel engine. For this purpose, palm oil biodiesel (POBD), waste cooking biodiesel (WCBD…

96

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to improve the performance and to regulate the harmful emission from the diesel engine. For this purpose, palm oil biodiesel (POBD), waste cooking biodiesel (WCBD) and animal fat biodiesel (AFBD) are used for examination.

Design/methodology/approach

The transesterification process was followed to convert the three raw oils into biodiesels and the experiments are conducted at various loads with fixed 25 rps. Diesel as a reference fuel and three neat biodiesels are tested for emissions and performance. By training the experimental results in an artificial neural network (ANN), the best biodiesel was predicted.

Findings

The biodiesels are tested for significant fuel properties with the American Society for testing and materials standards and observed that kinematic viscosity, density and cetane number are recorded higher than diesel fuel. The fatty acid composition (FAC) from chromatography reveals the presence of unsaturated FAC is more in POBD (70.89%) followed by WCBD (57.67%) and AFBD (43.13%). The combustion pressures measured at every degree of crank angle reveal that WCBD and AFBD exhibited on far with diesel fuel. Compared to diesel fuel WCBD and AFBD achieved maximum brake thermal efficiency of 31.99% and 30.93% at 75% load. However, there is a penalty in fuel consumption and NOx emissions from biodiesels. On the other hand, low carbon monoxide, unburnt hydrocarbon emissions and exhaust smoke are reported for biodiesels. Finally, WCBD was chosen as the best choice based on ANN modeling prediction results.

Originality/value

There is no evident literature on these three neat biodiesel applications with the mapping of ANN modeling.

Details

World Journal of Engineering, vol. 18 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1708-5284

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Article
Publication date: 30 April 2024

Yanwen Tan, Ruixue Yue, Liru Chen, Congxi Li and Kevin Z. Chen

This paper aims to examine whether China's grain price support policy has distorted the grain market price.

175

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to examine whether China's grain price support policy has distorted the grain market price.

Design/methodology/approach

The time-varying differences-in-differences (DID) model is used to study the impact of support policies on grain prices, and it is combined with the event study method to explore the dynamic effects of price support policy. Panel data model is used to study the effect of the price support policy on price formation for national grain market prices. In addition, we apply the smooth transformation (STR) model to verify whether there is a distortion in the transmission of grain prices among different markets in China and from the international market to China’s market.

Findings

China’s grain price support policy plays a significant role in rising grain market prices, weakens the decisive role of the market mechanism in the formation of grain prices, hinders the spatial transmission of market price signals and decreases the effect of price transmission from the world market to China’s market.

Research limitations/implications

In order to ensure both the stability of grain production as well as the market stability, and also to ensure that intervention policies do not distort the food market, the minimum purchase price of grain and market regulation policies should be adjusted as follows: (1) price support policy should be shifted to an income support policy and (2) reasonably determine the scale of reserves and implement a grain minimum purchase price policy in limited areas.

Originality/value

Our findings are relevant for understanding the effect of China's grain price support policies on the implementation regions and the price transmission effect, which provide reference experience for developing countries to implement food price policies.

Details

China Agricultural Economic Review, vol. 16 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1756-137X

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