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Article
Publication date: 3 May 2016

Andrzej J Nowak, Michal Palacz, Jacek Smolka, Krzysztof Banasiak, Zbigniew Bulinski, Adam Fic and Armin Hafner

The purpose of this paper is to overview successful approaches to the computational simulation of real fluid (R744 – carbon dioxide (CO2)) flow within an ejector is presented…

445

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to overview successful approaches to the computational simulation of real fluid (R744 – carbon dioxide (CO2)) flow within an ejector is presented. Important issues such as the ejector geometry and its optimisation, the adapted equations of state and the proposed models of the process, fluid parameters, etc., are examined and critically discussed. Whenever possible, the discussed models are experimentally validated. In the conclusion, some trends in future research are pointed out.

Design/methodology/approach

Flow within CO2 ejector is generally transcritical and compressible. Models existing in the literature are shortly described and critically compared. Whenever possible, those models were validated against the experimental data. In a model validation process, the primary and secondary mass flow rates as well as the pressures at the selected points in the mixing section and diffuser were compared, showing a satisfactory agreement between experimental and computational results.

Findings

Developed CO2 ejector flow models are tested in few industrial applications. All these initiatives bring solutions which are interesting and very promising from technological point of view.

Originality/value

This is an extensive overview of successful approaches to computational simulation of the real fluid (R744 – CO2) flow within ejector. It brings many useful information.

Details

International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, vol. 26 no. 3/4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0961-5539

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Article
Publication date: 29 April 2014

Jacek Smolka, Adam Fic, Andrzej J. Nowak and Ludwik Kosyrczyk

The purpose of this paper is to develop a 3-D fully transient numerical model of the heat and fluid flow associated with the chemical reactions that occur in the heating system of…

302

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to develop a 3-D fully transient numerical model of the heat and fluid flow associated with the chemical reactions that occur in the heating system of the coke oven battery. As a result, the model can be used to provide data for the control system of the battery to reduce energy consumption and emissions and to obtain a product of the desired quality.

Design/methodology/approach

In the proposed model, an accurate representation of the heating flue geometry, the volumetric heat sources as a result of the coke oven gas combustion, the temperature- and mole fraction-dependent properties of the gases were taken into account. The most important part of the model was the unsteady boundary condition definition that allowed the modeling of the periodic heat delivery to the two oven heating walls, both in the coking and the reversion cycles.

Findings

The temperatures obtained using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model showed the same pattern of temperature variations as that observed in the experiments. It was also found that the quality of the temperature variation predictions was highly dependent on the radiation model settings.

Originality\value

The CFD models available in the literature describe the steady or pseudo-steady state operation of the heating system of the coke oven battery. The model developed in this work fully reflects the unsteady character of this heating system. Moreover, the proposed model is prepared for coupling with a model of the coking process that occurs in the two neighboring coke oven chambers.

Details

International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, vol. 24 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0961-5539

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Article
Publication date: 1 April 2005

Li‐teh Sun

Man has been seeking an ideal existence for a very long time. In this existence, justice, love, and peace are no longer words, but actual experiences. How ever, with the American…

814

Abstract

Man has been seeking an ideal existence for a very long time. In this existence, justice, love, and peace are no longer words, but actual experiences. How ever, with the American preemptive invasion and occupation of Afghanistan and Iraq and the subsequent prisoner abuse, such an existence seems to be farther and farther away from reality. The purpose of this work is to stop this dangerous trend by promoting justice, love, and peace through a change of the paradigm that is inconsistent with justice, love, and peace. The strong paradigm that created the strong nation like the U.S. and the strong man like George W. Bush have been the culprit, rather than the contributor, of the above three universal ideals. Thus, rather than justice, love, and peace, the strong paradigm resulted in in justice, hatred, and violence. In order to remove these three and related evils, what the world needs in the beginning of the third millenium is the weak paradigm. Through the acceptance of the latter paradigm, the golden mean or middle paradigm can be formulated, which is a synergy of the weak and the strong paradigm. In order to understand properly the meaning of these paradigms, however, some digression appears necessary.

Details

International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, vol. 25 no. 4/5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-333X

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Book part
Publication date: 20 January 2025

Katarzyna Witek-Dryjańska

The aim of this work is to present the results of qualitative research on the diaries of women living in the “Recovered Territories (RT)” after World War II in Poland. In…

Abstract

The aim of this work is to present the results of qualitative research on the diaries of women living in the “Recovered Territories (RT)” after World War II in Poland. In particular, the diaries of the first settlers of the “RT” have been subjected to analysis. These women, between 1945 and 1956, were creating, organizing, and domesticating the new and unfamiliar space of the “RT.” The fundamental questions guiding my considerations concern how women coped with domestic and material space in their new places of residence, including dealing with their foreignness, the abundance of some items and the lack of others, essential for daily life, and the relationships between space, objects, and people in the process of domestication.

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Article
Publication date: 15 March 2024

Salman Majeed and Woo Gon Kim

To influence consumer pre-purchase decision-making processes, such as brand selection and perceived brand experience, brands are interested in adopting hyperconnected…

410

Abstract

Purpose

To influence consumer pre-purchase decision-making processes, such as brand selection and perceived brand experience, brands are interested in adopting hyperconnected technological stimuli, such as artificial intelligence, augmented reality (AR), virtual reality, social media and tech devices. However, the understanding of different hyperconnected touchpoints remained shallow and results mixed in previous literature, despite the fact that these touchpoints span different technological interfaces/devices and may influence consumer brand selection. This paper aims to solidify the conceptual underpinnings of the role of online hyperconnected stimuli, which may influence consumer psychological reactions in terms of brand selection and experience.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper is conceptual and presents a discussion based on extant literature from various international publishers.

Findings

The authors revealed different technological stimuli in the online hyperconnected environment that may influence consumer online hyperconnected brand selection (OHBS), perceived online hyperconnected brand experience (OHBE), perceived well-being and behavioral intention.

Originality/value

The conceptual understanding of OHBS and perceived OHBE was mixed and inconsistent in previous studies. This paper brings together extant literature to establish the conceptual understanding of antecedents and outcomes of OHBS, i.e. perceived OHBE, perceived well-being and behavioral intention, and presents a cohesive conceptual framework.

Details

Journal of Consumer Marketing, vol. 41 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0736-3761

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Book part
Publication date: 14 December 2018

Abu Umar Faruq Ahmad, Aishath Muneeza, Mohammad Omar Farooq and Rashedul Hasan

Sukuk restructuring primarily aims at offering a debtor more latitude, in form and time, to settle his obligations. To meet Shari’ah requirements of transferring assets to Sukuk…

Abstract

Sukuk restructuring primarily aims at offering a debtor more latitude, in form and time, to settle his obligations. To meet Shari’ah requirements of transferring assets to Sukuk holders in asset-based Sukuk, the originator usually transfers the beneficial ownership to the issuer special purpose vehicles (SPV). However, in asset-backed Sukuk, the originator sells the underlying asset to an SPV and Sukuk holders do not have recourse to the originator in the event of defaults. Among some key unresolved Shari’ah issues in this regard is whether a change of contract necessitates entering a new contract. Other related issues that conflict with the tenets of Shari’ah are: (1) Sukuk structuring on tangible assets and debts; (2) receiving the full title by the Sukuk holders to the underlying assets in the event of default in case of securities that are publicized as asset backed; (3) Sukuk’s similarity with interest bearing conventional bonds: (a) capital guarantee by the originator or third party, (b) the originators’ promise to repurchase Sukuk at face value upon their redemption, and (c) providing internal and external credit enhancement. The Shari’ah-compliance of the above-mentioned clauses and structures of Sukuk remain debated among the Shari’ah scholars. Based on some specific cases, this study examines the Shari’ah viewpoint on sukuk restructuring and potential solutions to these unresolved Shari’ah issues in light of the past and recent declaration of some Sukuk defaults as non-Shari’ah complaints. Undoubtedly, resolution of these and other unresolved issues pertaining to Sukuk defaults can help strengthen the confidence of investors in Islamic capital market structures.

Details

Management of Islamic Finance: Principle, Practice, and Performance
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78756-403-9

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Article
Publication date: 12 June 2017

Umar Haiyat Abdul Kohar, Adela J. McMurray and Konrad Peszynski

The purpose of this paper is to identify the historical influences and chronological development of foreign investors on Malaysian Bumiputera (indigenous) new technology-based…

1430

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to identify the historical influences and chronological development of foreign investors on Malaysian Bumiputera (indigenous) new technology-based small firms (NTBSFs).

Design/methodology/approach

Weick’s (1989) conceptual theory building approach is used to conduct a critical historical documentary analysis of the international, local, academic and government inward foreign investments literature from prior Malaysia’s independence (1957) through to 2016.

Findings

Increased foreign investment between 1957 and 2016 proved to be effective for Malaysia to transform its economy from a reliance on primary production to a focus on innovation and value-added industries such as the biotechnology and the information and communication and technology sectors.

Research limitations/implications

Local and international literature addressing inward foreign investments towards host countries yielded four key research implications: employment effects, strategic alliances, technology transfer and knowledge transfer. Creation of firm-specific resources in addition to government assistance, particularly through grants and advisory services, significantly contribute to the sustainability of Bumiputera NTBSFs.

Practical implications

Inward foreign investment through subsidiary multi-national companies (MNCs) leads to the formation of strategic alliances between MNCs and Bumiputera NTBSFs, generating employment opportunities, contributing to Malaysia’s development aims.

Social implications

Charting the chronological development and historical influence of foreign investment from a Malay-Bumiputera perspective provides an in-depth understanding of the evolution of what is now a multi-cultural Malaysian society.

Originality/value

This study provides a chronological development and discussion of the historical influences and implications of foreign investment towards the evolution and sustainability of Malaysian Bumiputera NTBSFs.

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Article
Publication date: 13 December 2018

Thomas Belz, Dominik von Hagen and Christian Steffens

Using a meta-regression analysis, we quantitatively review the empirical literature on the relation between effective tax rate (ETR) and firm size. Accounting literature offers…

1013

Abstract

Using a meta-regression analysis, we quantitatively review the empirical literature on the relation between effective tax rate (ETR) and firm size. Accounting literature offers two competing theories on this relation: The political cost theory, suggesting a positive size-ETR relation, and the political power theory, suggesting a negative size-ETR relation. Using a unique data set of 56 studies that do not show a clear tendency towards either of the two theories, we contribute to the discussion on the size-ETR relation in three ways: First, applying meta-regression analysis on a US meta-data set, we provide evidence supporting the political cost theory. Second, our analysis reveals factors that are possible sources of variation and bias in previous empirical studies; these findings can improve future empirical and analytical models. Third, we extend our analysis to a cross-country meta-data set; this extension enables us to investigate explanations for the two competing theories in more detail. We find that Hofstede’s cultural dimensions theory, a transparency index and a corruption index explain variation in the size-ETR relation. Independent of the two theories, we also find that tax planning aspects potentially affect the size-ETR relation. To our knowledge, these explanations have not yet been investigated in our research context.

Details

Journal of Accounting Literature, vol. 42 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0737-4607

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Article
Publication date: 1 June 2005

Li‐teh Sun

Man has been seeking an ideal existence for a very long time. In this existence, justice, love, and peace are no longer words, but actual experiences. How ever, with the American…

824

Abstract

Man has been seeking an ideal existence for a very long time. In this existence, justice, love, and peace are no longer words, but actual experiences. How ever, with the American preemptive invasion and occupation of Afghanistan and Iraq and the subsequent prisoner abuse, such an existence seems to be farther and farther away from reality. The purpose of this work is to stop this dangerous trend by promoting justice, love, and peace through a change of the paradigm that is inconsistent with justice, love, and peace. The strong paradigm that created the strong nation like the U.S. and the strong man like George W. Bush have been the culprit, rather than the contributor, of the above three universal ideals. Thus, rather than justice, love, and peace, the strong paradigm resulted in in justice, hatred, and violence. In order to remove these three and related evils, what the world needs in the beginning of the third millenium is the weak paradigm. Through the acceptance of the latter paradigm, the golden mean or middle paradigm can be formulated, which is a synergy of the weak and the strong paradigm. In order to understand properly the meaning of these paradigms, however, some digression appears necessary.

Details

International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, vol. 25 no. 6/7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-333X

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Article
Publication date: 1 June 1992

HOWARD JOHNSON

Alongside the ubiquitous computer games apparently the marketing success of the 1992 toy season was a series of 25 year old puppets who had featured in a repeat showing of the…

888

Abstract

Alongside the ubiquitous computer games apparently the marketing success of the 1992 toy season was a series of 25 year old puppets who had featured in a repeat showing of the orginal ITV series on BBC — Thunderbirds — more than 70 franchises have been sold to sell goods marked with the International Rescue logo and it is alleged that these products are even bigger than the previous smash marketing hit the Teenage Mutant Ninja turtles, saving thousands of jobs and making substantial profits for the British toy industry. The characters are licensed for right‐owners ITC (originally the international marketing arm of ATV, the ITV company which put out the programme, and now an independent company, ATV having long since lost its ITV franchise) by Copyright Promotions, Europe's largest licensing company (‘Thunderbirds are go to save the toy industry’ Sunday Telegraph 15/11/92).

Details

Managerial Law, vol. 34 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0309-0558

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