Anne Munnich, Ad Kleingeld, Jelmer Weijschede and Vitalija Danivska
Hybrid working is becoming commonplace, but scientific research on employee preferences for hybrid-working arrangements is still scarce. The current study investigated…
Abstract
Purpose
Hybrid working is becoming commonplace, but scientific research on employee preferences for hybrid-working arrangements is still scarce. The current study investigated knowledge-worker preferences for hybrid-working scenarios, considering the relative importance of hybrid-working aspects and differences among knowledge workers associated with differences in preferences.
Design/methodology/approach
The study was conducted in a large governmental organization in the Netherlands. Attributes and levels for the choice-based experiment were developed in an iterative process involving several groups of stakeholders. A survey containing sociodemographic and work-related measures and a choice-based experiment was completed by 263 policy officers.
Findings
Conjoint analyses showed that the most important attribute was the “Distribution of days” (i.e. the percentage of time at home versus the office). Four employee segments were identified: home workers, hybrid fixed, hybrid flex and office workers, each with a different pattern of preferences. The segments differed on age/tenure, task interdependence, household composition (young children or not) and motives for coming to the office.
Research limitations/implications
The study reveals that differences in preferences are associated with different combinations of demographic and work characteristics rather than one specific characteristic. Findings align with theories on work–life balance, (family) life-cycle stages and needs-supply fit.
Practical implications
Study findings support managerial decision-making on which hybrid-working scenario(s) to implement, considering the preferences of different groups of employees.
Originality/value
The study contributes to the literature on hybrid working and represents a novel application of conjoint analysis.
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Harm van Vijfeijken, Ad Kleingeld, Harrie van Tuijl, Jen A. Algera and Henk Thierry
To evaluate a proposed prescriptive model for the design of effective combinations of performance goals and pay‐for‐performance plans for the performance management of teams.
Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate a proposed prescriptive model for the design of effective combinations of performance goals and pay‐for‐performance plans for the performance management of teams.
Design/methodology/approach
The idea underlying the model – in which task, goal, and reward interdependence and their fit play a dominant role – is that a pay‐for‐performance plan should support the team goals and the goals of individual team members as well as support the way in which team members need to cooperate. To obtain a first notion on the model's validity, it was applied to evaluate a pay‐for‐performance plan for management teams at a large IT company. This evaluation consisted of an in‐depth study of three management teams, using a case study methodology.
Findings
Combinations of fit among type of team, performance goals, and pay‐for‐performance plan (established by a fit between the interdependence constructs and/or by an overlap in the content of the goal and pay indicators) are more effective than combinations of misfit.
Research limitations/implications
The case study was limited to intra‐team interdependence relationships and did allow for a analysis of the separate effects of a fit between the interdependence constructs versus content fit.
Practical implications
This study shows that pay‐for‐performance plans should not be designed in isolation, but rather in alignment with performance goals and existing task interdependencies.
Originality/value
This is the first study to investigate the three inter‐dependence constructs in conjunction in a field setting.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate how individual perceptions by employees of a goal‐setting program and personality traits influence job satisfaction and goal…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate how individual perceptions by employees of a goal‐setting program and personality traits influence job satisfaction and goal commitment.
Design/methodology/approach
Using the German version of Locke and Latham's goal‐setting questionnaire, 97 production employees judged the quality of the goal‐setting program in their company with regard to content‐related problems of goals (e.g. goal clarity), process in dyad (e.g. supervisor support), and setting‐related aspects (e.g. rewards). Data were also collected on the participants' conscientiousness and neuroticism.
Findings
The results showed that job satisfaction is predicted by content and setting‐related aspects, whereas content‐related aspects affected goal commitment. Conscientiousness explained variance in goal commitment independent of individual perceptions of the goal‐setting program, whereas neuroticism affected job satisfaction indirectly via the perceptions of goal content.
Practical implications
Performance management programs that incorporate goals belong to the most widely used management techniques worldwide. The study provides evidence on critical success factors from the view of staff members, which helps to design or optimize current goal‐setting programs. Furthermore, the study implies practical consequences in terms of person‐job fit based on personality traits.
Originality/value
The study helps to build a more comprehensive picture of how content, process, and setting‐related perceptions of a goal‐setting program influence job satisfaction and goal commitment. In addition, it provides important insights into the processes through which individual differences affect work behavior.
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J. Lukas Thürmer, Frank Wieber and Peter M. Gollwitzer
Crises such as the Coronavirus pandemic pose extraordinary challenges to the decision making in management teams. Teams need to integrate available information quickly to make…
Abstract
Purpose
Crises such as the Coronavirus pandemic pose extraordinary challenges to the decision making in management teams. Teams need to integrate available information quickly to make informed decisions on the spot and update their decisions as new information becomes available. Moreover, making good decisions is hard as it requires sacrifices for the common good, and finally, implementing the decisions made is not easy as it requires persistence in the face of strong counterproductive social pressures.
Design/methodology/approach
We provide a “psychology of action” perspective on making team-based management decisions in crisis by introducing collective implementation intentions (We-if-then plans) as a theory-based intervention tool to improve decision processes. We discuss our program of research on forming and acting on We-if-then plans in ad hoc teams facing challenging situations.
Findings
Teams with We-if-then plans consistently made more informed decisions when information was socially or temporally distributed, when decision makers had to make sacrifices for the common good, and when strong social pressures opposed acting on their decisions. Preliminary experimental evidence indicates that assigning simple We-if-then plans had similar positive effects as providing a leader to steer team processes.
Originality/value
Our analysis of self-regulated team decisions helps understand and improve how management teams can make and act on good decisions in crises such as the Coronavirus pandemic.
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Neil J. Fletcher and Rory J. Ridley-Duff
This paper aims to investigate the intersection between corporate governance and management accounting information within the board meeting of an English further education college.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the intersection between corporate governance and management accounting information within the board meeting of an English further education college.
Design/methodology/approach
The empirical fieldwork uses an interventionist approach. Board members’ mental models of a management accounting boundary object are analysed.
Findings
The paper supports Parker (2007) and Cornforth and Edward’s (1999) observation that within a board meeting, collaborative “micro-management” type talk is considered to lie outside the acceptable remit of non-executive and executive board member interaction. Such an attitude can prevent an intertwining of management accounting information and other mental models of an organisation occurring. This can preclude management accounting information from rendering an organisation visible, in an expansive manner, within a boardroom.
Research limitations/implications
Interventionist researchers working within the black box of the board are encouraged to design more radical and collaborative interventions than the interview/report format used here.
Practical implications
Non-executive directors might benefit from being offered the opportunity to interact with management accounting information outside the formal board meeting and committee structure.
Originality/value
A deeper understanding of how directors’ mental models, boardroom behaviours and attitudes influence their interaction with management accounting information is offered. Insight into the limitations of using management accounting information in the boardroom is developed.
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Ad H. van der Zwaan and Eric Molleman
An increased level of self‐organization, particularly in autonomous work teams, is widely believed to be a necessary part of a successful firm and a factor in many modern…
Abstract
An increased level of self‐organization, particularly in autonomous work teams, is widely believed to be a necessary part of a successful firm and a factor in many modern restructuring initiatives. This article investigates the limitations of self‐organized groups and surveys these limitations from two important perspectives: (1) limits that are inherent to the production structure and equipment, and (2) limits that relate to the firm’s workforce. With respect to the first issue, the predictability of markets and the standardization of production situations provide strong reasons for limiting the opportunities for self‐organization. In terms of a firm’s workforce, problems such as learning capability, motivation, identity, ambition, and prestige must be taken into account before introducing self‐organizational practices. Additionally, the delegation of authority, the resulting redundancy of middle managers and the relevant compensation for the workers concerned must also be considered. In conclusion, self‐organizing teams relate to many constraints, all of which should be considered before putting these teams into practice.
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This paper aims to review and analyze the validity and relevance of the conceptualization of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) model, especially within an African context. The BSC…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to review and analyze the validity and relevance of the conceptualization of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) model, especially within an African context. The BSC model was developed to address the problems and limitations of relying solely on traditional financial measures. This paper carries out a critical review and detailed analysis on perspectives surrounding the BSC model.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper critically reviews relevant literature on the BSC model by focusing on the pertinent issues surrounding the applicability of the BSC model in modern business environment. A critical review of conceptualization issues regarding the BSC model especially with a focus toward its application within an African framework was also done.
Findings
It is established that the BSC model plays a pivotal role in assisting business executives in making holistic long-term management decisions. However, the model puts undue emphasis on shareholders’ wealth maximization at the sacrifice of other equally important stakeholders. The model puts less emphasis or completely ignores such stakeholders as competitors, suppliers, lenders, government, the local community and the natural environment. The model is fraught with many conceptualization assumptions that are not realistic in the modern environment.
Practical implications
It is envisaged that the study should add to the literature on corporate performance measures and the BSC model. The revelations gained through this paper will enable researchers to have an open mind on the way the BSC model is supposed to be modified and applied for various business environments.
Originality/value
The revelations of the paper point out application limitations of the BSC model, there is an imperative need to upgrade and redesign the BSC model to reflect realities of modern business activities, especially within an African context.