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The paper explores the relationship of humane orientation of organizations with members' reactions to such treatment by the organization. Orientation of mangers to form good relationships with subordinates has been reflected through subordinatesa’ perception of quality of leader-member exchange (LMX) and it was expected to predict members’ reaction through feeling of exhaustion (burnout). The roles of humane orientation of organizational support measured through perceived organizational support (POS) by subordinates and organizational identification (OID) as possible explicators of the relationship between LMX quality and organizational burnout have also been explored. We conducted three step hierarchical linear regressions on a sample involving data at two time waves. As expected, all the hypotheses were supported. A major contribution of the research to academic literature is the corroboration of directionality of some of the relationship through two time wave design. Also, burnout in this research has been measured at an organizational level and the results were in line with burnout measured at the job level in some earlier studies on burnout.

In the postglobalized world, information and communication technology (ICT) has been considered a key driver of human development. The world is reshaping from resource-based economy to knowledge-based economy after rapid growth of ICT. ICT can be considered as an umbrella that incorporates any communication device such as radio, television, cell phones, computer and network hardware, satellite systems etc., and also various services and appliance with them such as video conferencing and distance learning (Akarowhe, 2017). ICT is a technological system that is able to meet the gap of formal communication system and ultimately affects the level of standard of living. Human development can be defined as a process of enlarging people's freedoms and opportunities and improving their well-being. Whereas, human development index (HDI) is a statistical tool used to measure a country's human development based on the health of people, their level of education attainment, and level of income. The present chapter tries to find out the impact of ICT on human development for selected high HDI and medium HDI countries during the period 2001–2018. Applying panel data technique result shows that ICT has a positive and significant impact on human development.

Economic integration is an agreement among countries in a geographical region or unification of economic policies between different states aiming to reduce and ultimately remove tariff and non-tariff barriers on trade. The fruit of globalization is the tremendous rise of economic integration as globalization loosens barriers among the nations through reduction in cross-border duties and eases trade policies. Trumponomics is defined as the economic policies of US President Donald Trump that prefers high import tariff to bring “America First.” There is a debate among the researchers about the choice between free trade and protection or imposition of tariff. Some of them prefer free trade because during the start of the great depression, the world economy experienced a huge shift toward protectionism. Choice between no-tariff and tariff represents a prisoner’s dilemma situation whereby each player’s best response is to employ tariffs. This results in a sub-optimal outcome for all where the total volume of world trade falls, which is a Nash solution. The present chapter deals with theoretical discussions on trade war and throws light on the developing country’s choice between non-protectionism supported by globalization and Trump’s protectionism.

The Dissolved Oxygen (DO) level of the rivers is a unique indicator of aquatic health. Decrease of DO values will adversely impact the biotic community sustained by the aquatic ecosystems. We analysed the DO level at six sites of the River Ganges adjacent to the megacity of Kolkata during the COVID-19 induced lockdown period in April 2020 and compared it with data collected from 2015 to 2019 without altering the sampling and monitoring protocols. The normal decreasing trend of DO during the time phase of 2015–2019 suddenly exhibited a sharp spike during the COVID-19 lockdown phase. The DO values hiked significantly during COVID-19 lockdown phase in all the stations with the spatial trend Botanical Garden (6.44 mg/l) > Ramkrishna Ghat (6.32 mg/l) > Shibpur Ghat (6.21 mg/l) > 2nd Hooghly Bridge (6.19 mg/l) > Princep Ghat (6.09 mg/l) > Babughat (5.79 mg/l). The data pattern confirms a straightforward improvement of water quality during the lockdown phase in the context of the DO level, which is congenial for aquatic biodiversity of the River Ganges at the local scale.

The purpose of this study is to study the impact of relationship marketing orientation (RMO) and relationship quality on customers' commitment and pro-marketer behavior (positive word of mouth and external attribution) after negative brand publicity by using the combined lens of relationship marketing theory and the theory of cognitive dissonance.

A survey was conducted among banking customers in India using an online questionnaire. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling and the bootstrapping procedure using the SPSS process macro.

Contrary to conventional wisdom, findings of this study suggest that RMO and relationship quality are positively correlated to commitment even after negative publicity. The path between RMO, relationship quality and pro-provider behavior is found to be mediated by commitment. This indirect path is moderated by customers' cognitive dissonance arising out of the negative publicity.

The study establishes the combined roles of RMO and relationship quality in pre-empting the detrimental effects of negative brand publicity. Further, it establishes interactions of cognitive dissonance with these relationship variables, thereby bringing together literature from relationship marketing theory and cognitive dissonance theory.