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Article
Publication date: 18 April 2018

R. Sivaraj, I.L. Animasaun, A.S. Olabiyi, S. Saleem and N. Sandeep

The purpose of this paper is to provide an insight into the influence of gyrotactic microorganisms and Hall effect on the boundary layer flow of 29 nm CuO-water mixture on the…

119

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide an insight into the influence of gyrotactic microorganisms and Hall effect on the boundary layer flow of 29 nm CuO-water mixture on the upper pointed surface of a rocket, over the bonnet of a car and upper pointed surface of an aircraft. This is true since all these objects are examples of an object with variable thickness.

Design/methodology/approach

The simplification of Rosseland approximation (Taylor series expansion of T4 about T) is avoided; thus, two different parameters relating to the study of nonlinear thermal radiation are obtained. The governing equation is non-dimensionalized, parameterized and solved numerically.

Findings

Maximum vertical and horizontal velocities of the 29 nm CuO-water nanofluid flow is guaranteed at a small value of Peclet number and large value of buoyancy parameter depending on the temperature difference. When the magnitude of thickness parameter χ is small, cross-flow velocity decreases with the velocity index and the opposite effect is observed when the magnitude of χ is large.

Originality/value

Directly or indirectly, the importance of the fluid flow which contains 29 nm CuO nanoparticle, water, and gyrotactic microorganisms in the presence of Hall current has been pointed out as an open question in the literature due to its relevance in imaging, ophthalmological and translational medicine informatics.

Details

Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures, vol. 14 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1573-6105

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Publication date: 28 January 2025

Farzana Parveen Tajudeen, Sedigheh Moghavvemi, Thinaranjeney Thirumoorthi, Seuk Wai Phoong and Elya Nabila Binti Abdul Bahri

As artificial intelligence (AI), big data, and the diverse interconnected systems transform the operations of industries worldwide, a significant mismatch between the skills

Abstract

As artificial intelligence (AI), big data, and the diverse interconnected systems transform the operations of industries worldwide, a significant mismatch between the skills taught by educational institutions and those demanded by the labour market emerges. In view of the urgency to close the gap resulted from digital transformation, this chapter thus delves into the challenges faced by industries in Malaysia. Particularly, it looks at how local institutions can bridge such gaps on one hand; while it also discusses how industries in Malaysia can remain competitive before discussing the skills new graduates and the existing workforce need to acquire on the other hand. The discussion will thus emphasize on technical skills, such as AI, data science, and cybersecurity, alongside employability skills, such as critical thinking, communication, and problem-solving. The chapter then examines the role of government interventions, including Malaysia’s Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) programmes and other global skill-development initiatives in addressing the skills gap. The role of small and medium enterprises (SMEs), which often struggle to provide adequate training opportunities, is also accounted for. It focusses on government programmes which are aimed at supporting workforce development. To foster a future-proof workforce, this chapter then calls for a stronger alignment between educational curricula, industry needs, and government policies. By promoting digital competencies and lifelong learning, nations can be assured that their economies are being well-protected so that they can all thrive in the evolving global landscape driven by the Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0) technologies.

Details

Digital Transformation of Malaysian Small and Medium Enterprises
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83662-169-0

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Article
Publication date: 27 June 2020

N. Mahato, S.M. Banerjee, R.N. Jana and S. Das

The article focuses on the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) convective flow of MoS2-SiO2 /ethylene glycol (EG) hybrid nanofluid. The effectiveness of Hall current, periodically heating…

138

Abstract

Purpose

The article focuses on the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) convective flow of MoS2-SiO2 /ethylene glycol (EG) hybrid nanofluid. The effectiveness of Hall current, periodically heating wall and shape factor of nanoparticles on the magnetized flow of hybrid nanocomposite molybdenum disulfide- silicon dioxide (MoS2-SiO2) suspended in ethylene glycol (EG) in a vertical rotating channel under the influence of strong magnetic dipole (Hall effect) and thermal radiation is assessed. One of the channel walls has an oscillatory temperature gradient. Four different shapes (i.e. brick, cylinder, platelet and blade) of nanoparticles disseminated in base fluid (EG) are considered for simulation of the flow.

Design/methodology/approach

The analytical solution of governing equations has been presented. Influences of emerging physical parameters on the velocity and temperature profiles, the shear stresses and the rate of heat transfer are pointed out and discussed via graphs and tables.

Findings

The analysis revealed that Hall parameter has suppressing behavior on the velocity profiles within the rotating channel. The impact of nanoparticle shape factor advances the temperature characteristics significantly in the rotating channel. Brick-shape nanoparticles put up relatively low-temperature distribution in the rotating channel. The Hall parameter reduces the amplitudes of the shear stresses at the channel wall. However, the radiation parameter enhances the amplitude of the rate of heat transfer at the channel wall.

Social implications

The important technical advantage of hybrid composition of nanoparticles as a drug carrier is its stability, high thermal conductivity, high load carrying capacity, etc. The proposed model may be beneficial in biomedical engineering, automobile parts, mineral and cleaning oils manufacturing, rubber and plastic industries.

Originality/value

To the best of our knowledge, there is little or no report on the aspects of assessment of the effectiveness of Hall current and nanoparticle shape factor on an MHD flow and heat transfer of an electrically conducting MoS2-SiO2/EG ethylene glycol-based hybrid nanofluid confined in a vertical channel with periodically varying wall temperature subject to a rotating frame. The present work furnishes a robust benchmark for the dynamics of nanofluids.

Details

Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures, vol. 16 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1573-6105

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Article
Publication date: 26 January 2021

Amir Reza Mogharrebi, Ali Reza D. Ganji, Khashayar Hosseinzadeh, So Roghani, Armin Asadi and Amin Fazlollahtabar

The purpose of the study is to indicate a three-dimensional convective heat transfer properties evaluation of magnetohydrodynamics nanofluid flow, comprising motile oxytactic…

248

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of the study is to indicate a three-dimensional convective heat transfer properties evaluation of magnetohydrodynamics nanofluid flow, comprising motile oxytactic microorganisms and nanoparticles, passing through a rotating cone.

Design/methodology/approach

The imposed technique for solving the governing equations is the Runge–Kutta fifth-order method. The main point of this survey is to diagnosis the influence of diverse factors on velocity, temperature distributions and concentration profile. Furthermore, appending the magnetic field, thermal radiation and viscous dissipation in calculations; also, simultaneous involvement of heat absorption and excretion has been represented as novelties.

Findings

The results elucidate that by changing the Peclet number from 1 to 2, the dimensionless concentration of the microorganisms has been diminished by about 34.37%. In addition, variation of the magnetic parameter from 0 to 1 has been resulted in reducing the temperature distribution by about 3.11%.

Originality/value

Recently, attention has been absorbed to adding the motile microorganisms to nanofluid for enhancement of heat transfer and avoiding aggregation of particles. In this regard, the hydrothermal flow of microorganisms has been investigated in this study.

Details

International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, vol. 31 no. 11
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0961-5539

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Article
Publication date: 7 May 2021

Nusrat Jafrin, Masnun Mahi, Muhammad Mehedi Masud and Deboshree Ghosh

The study attempts to establish the relationship between demographic dividend and GDP growth rate by utilising panel data from 1990 to 2017 in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Nepal…

854

Abstract

Purpose

The study attempts to establish the relationship between demographic dividend and GDP growth rate by utilising panel data from 1990 to 2017 in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Nepal and Sri Lanka.

Design/methodology/approach

This study employs the pooled OLS model, using data from the World Bank's database for the period 1990–2017 for five selected South Asia Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) countries.

Findings

The results reveal that demographic dividend affects economic growth in Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Pakistan, thereby supporting the demographic dividend hypothesis. For the country-specific analysis, it was also observed that demographic dividend impacts the economic growth of the five SAARC countries. In addition, growth of gross capital formation is highly significant for both aggregated and country-specific analyses. However, economic growth is unaffected by trade openness and unemployment rates. Moreover, the rate of labour force participation is negatively related to the GDP growth rate in the aggregated model.

Originality/value

This paper bestows insight into the fact that the impact of demographic dividend on the economic growth of the SAARC regions cannot be fully actualised if the workforce are underutilised. This region needs to adopt appropriate policies to strengthen the considerable benefits of demographic dividend on the economic growth.

Details

International Journal of Social Economics, vol. 48 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0306-8293

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Article
Publication date: 4 March 2014

Jacob Ademola Sonibare, Jamiu Adetayo Adeniran, Bamidele Sunday Fakinle, Ismaila O. Latinwo, Lukuman Adekilekun Jimoda and Olusesan Abel Olu-Arotiowa

– The aim of this paper is to investigate the impacts of the noise from the diesel engine power generators used for production activities in an urban environment.

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Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this paper is to investigate the impacts of the noise from the diesel engine power generators used for production activities in an urban environment.

Design/methodology/approach

This study has used the Enterprise Edition of NoiseMap 2000 Version 2.7.1 to investigate the impacts of the noise from the diesel engines electric power generators used in a factory in Ikorodu, an urban environment in Lagos, Nigeria. Five sections of the factory with diesel engines electric power generators were considered. The immediate and distant environments covering about 10 km of the factory host environment were considered as receptors to the noise for this study.

Findings

It was found out that when all the generators operate simultaneously in the factory, the ambient noise was 30.0-152.5 dB(A) with the minimum contribution within the factory being 70.0-84.4 dB(A) and the maximum contribution of 57.2-70.8 dB(A) outside the factory fence line. Though the maximum noise is 152.5 dB(A), the maximum noise of 70.8 dB(A) beyond the fence line shows a compliance with 70 dB(A) industrial and commercial area limit but breaches the 45 dB(A) and 55 dB(A) residential area limit of the World Bank.

Research limitations/implications

As much as it would be desirable ambient noise level could not be measured in all the receptors’ locations covered by the modeling. However, the capability of the modeling software adopted makes this to have no negative impact on the quality of the findings of this study.

Practical implications

The study will assist the public to determine the noise level safe region around diesel engine electric power generators.

Originality/value

The paper highlights the challenges in which ambient noise from the use of off-grid generators used for industrial purposes could pose to the neighboring receptor environments.

Details

Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, vol. 25 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1477-7835

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Article
Publication date: 16 August 2021

Shilpa Gite, Ketan Kotecha and Gheorghita Ghinea

This study aims to analyze driver risks in the driving environment. A complete analysis of context aware assistive driving techniques. Context awareness in assistive driving by…

325

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to analyze driver risks in the driving environment. A complete analysis of context aware assistive driving techniques. Context awareness in assistive driving by probabilistic modeling techniques. Advanced techniques using Spatio-temporal techniques, computer vision and deep learning techniques.

Design/methodology/approach

Autonomous vehicles have been aimed to increase driver safety by introducing vehicle control from the driver to Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). The core objective of these systems is to cut down on road accidents by helping the user in various ways. Early anticipation of a particular action would give a prior benefit to the driver to successfully handle the dangers on the road. In this paper, the advancements that have taken place in the use of multi-modal machine learning for assistive driving systems are surveyed. The aim is to help elucidate the recent progress and techniques in the field while also identifying the scope for further research and improvement. The authors take an overview of context-aware driver assistance systems that alert drivers in case of maneuvers by taking advantage of multi-modal human processing to better safety and drivability.

Findings

There has been a huge improvement and investment in ADAS being a key concept for road safety. In such applications, data is processed and information is extracted from multiple data sources, thus requiring training of machine learning algorithms in a multi-modal style. The domain is fast gaining traction owing to its applications across multiple disciplines with crucial gains.

Research limitations/implications

The research is focused on deep learning and computer vision-based techniques to generate a context for assistive driving and it would definitely adopt by the ADAS manufacturers.

Social implications

As context-aware assistive driving would work in real-time and it would save the lives of many drivers, pedestrians.

Originality/value

This paper provides an understanding of context-aware deep learning frameworks for assistive driving. The research is mainly focused on deep learning and computer vision-based techniques to generate a context for assistive driving. It incorporates the latest state-of-the-art techniques using suitable driving context and the driver is alerted. Many automobile manufacturing companies and researchers would refer to this study for their enhancements.

Details

International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications, vol. 19 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1742-7371

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Article
Publication date: 21 December 2022

Kempe Ronald Hope, Sr.

This study aims to re-examine the corruption and sustainable development nexus in Africa and offer a contemporary analytical review and analysis of that relationship in the region.

421

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to re-examine the corruption and sustainable development nexus in Africa and offer a contemporary analytical review and analysis of that relationship in the region.

Design/methodology/approach

Drawing on the available and accessible relevant data from credible sources, this work quantifies, outlines and analyses the nexus between corruption and sustainable development, as it applies primarily to sub-Saharan Africa. It uses the relevant disaggregated data and also complements that with the results of reliable empirical studies to further cross-reference and demonstrate the corruption and sustainable development nexus.

Findings

It is shown that corruption in Africa continues to be negatively associated with sustainable development objectives and that, in turn, will continue to affect the continent’s progress in achieving sustainable development. Undoubtedly, corruption is very damaging to economies across all nations and regions. However, in Africa, this impact on sustainable development has been particularly severe and ongoing. Consequently, the views expressed several decades ago of corruption being able to grease the wheels and potentially contribute to economic development is not valid and, in fact, has been severally discredited over the years.

Originality/value

The main value of the paper is the insights it provides, and with cross-reference to the empirical literature and time series data, on the corruption and sustainable development nexus in Africa.

Details

Journal of Financial Crime, vol. 31 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1359-0790

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Article
Publication date: 14 August 2017

Jamiu Adetayo Adeniran, Rafiu O. Yusuf, Michael O. Amole, Lukuman Adekilekun Jimoda and Jacob Ademola Sonibare

The introduction of mobile telecommunication services in Nigeria led to the development of base transceiver stations (BTS) across the country. Inadequate power supply from the…

330

Abstract

Purpose

The introduction of mobile telecommunication services in Nigeria led to the development of base transceiver stations (BTS) across the country. Inadequate power supply from the national grid has led to massive use of diesel-fueled back-up generators (BUGs). The purpose of this paper is to attempt to quantify and inform relevant stakeholders about air quality implications of BTS BUGs.

Design/methodology/approach

Seven major telecommunication network operators were identified. Emission factor approach was used to estimate the quantity of important air pollutants such as NOx, CO, SO2, PM10, PM2.5, PAH and TVOC that are emitted from the use of the BUGs based on fuel consumption rate and generators’ capacity. Fuel-based emission inventory and emission factor from the United States Environmental Protection Agency AP-42 and National Pollution Inventory were used to estimate pollutants emission from diesel-powered generators used in the BTS sites and amount of diesel consumed. Land distribution and per capita dose of the estimated pollutants load were calculated.

Findings

The study showed that the deployment of BUGs will lead to increase emissions of these air pollutants. The states that are most affected are Lagos, Kano and Oyo, Katsina and Akwa Ibom states with respective total air pollutants contribution of 9,539.61, 9,445.34, 8,276.46, 7,805.14 and 7,220.70 tonnes/yr.

Originality/value

This study has estimated pollutant emissions from the use of diesel-fueled BUGs in mobile telecommunications BTS sites in Nigeria. The data obtained could assist in policy making.

Details

Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, vol. 28 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1477-7835

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Article
Publication date: 16 October 2023

Nazir Ahmed Jogezai and Fozia Ahmed Baloch

The COVID-19 pandemic, in addition to posing challenges, has also created opportunities for greater digital integration than ever. However, the scale and efficacy of digital…

255

Abstract

Purpose

The COVID-19 pandemic, in addition to posing challenges, has also created opportunities for greater digital integration than ever. However, the scale and efficacy of digital integration are contingent on the digital competence (DC) of teachers. In the same way, how well teachers learn and teach online may depend on how willing they are to try new ways of digitizing learning or being innovative. This study aimed to ascertain if teachers' digital nativeness, digital addiction and innovative work behavior had an impact on their DC.

Design/methodology/approach

The study used a quantitative research method, whereby data were collected from 276 schools, colleges and university teachers. The researchers employed structural equation modeling (SEM) using SmartPLS to analyze the data.

Findings

The results illuminate the literature regarding DC and the predictive capability of teachers' digital nativeness, digital addiction and innovative work behavior, which can contribute to paving the way for digitizing teaching and learning in the post-COVID-19 era.

Research limitations/implications

The study has significant implications for meaningful learner engagement by explaining the importance of teachers' digital competencies and how they could be approached conceptually to better understand the factors associated with teachers' DC. The differences in DC between digital natives and digital emigrants remain one of the limitations that future research may address.

Practical implications

The results have policy level and practical implications for organizations to consider the value of young teachers in the integration of digital resources. It is also critical to encourage teachers' innovative behavior in the digitization of teaching by creating a supportive organizational environment.

Originality/value

The study remains valuable in the post-COVID-19 era, where educational institutes are revisiting the prospect of online learning as a parallel to in-person teaching. The results remain innovative and genuine and have not been explored in previous research, in particular in the post-COVID-19 era. The involvement of teachers from schools, colleges and universities makes the results more general, which all of them can equally benefit from.

Details

International Journal of Educational Management, vol. 37 no. 6/7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0951-354X

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