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Article
Publication date: 31 March 2023

Afiffudin Mohammed Noor, Fathullah Asni, Mohd Afandi Mat Rani and Muhamad Rozaimi Ramle

This paper aims to analyse the implementation of istibdal waqf property in several states of Peninsular Malaysia. To achieve this objective, this study identified the amount of…

365

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to analyse the implementation of istibdal waqf property in several states of Peninsular Malaysia. To achieve this objective, this study identified the amount of waqf property ‘am (general) and waqf property khas (special) which were involved in the process of istibdal in each state, the factors that have caused the istibdal to be implemented, the rate of istibdal involved for each lot of waqf lands and the type of property replacement performed.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used the qualitative method, whereby the researchers had collected secondary data consisting of documents related to waqf from the State Islamic Religious Council (MAIN). The type of documents obtained were public records. The data collected were analysed using the content analysis techniques.

Findings

The results showed that there are several factors involved in the implementation of istibdal, namely, the acquisition of waqf land by the State Authority, applications by external parties for a particular interest and the initiatives taken by the MAIN on waqf property which is problematic and uneconomical to generate waqf fund. This study also found some Shariah and management issues, which were identified in the implementations of istibdal, whereas some cases of istibdal were only carried out on a small part of the waqf lands and there were also cases of the implementation of istibdal which have not been replaced with fixed assets as authorised by the istibdal parameter. This study suggests some improvements to the issues identified in the implementation of istibdal for waqf managers in Malaysia.

Research limitations/implications

The limitation of this study is that it analyses only the documents that record the implementation of istibdal in the states managed by MAIN. Thus, the analysis performed was limited to the documents obtained without involving empirical data.

Practical implications

This study suggests some improvements to the implementation of istibdal waqf in the states studied. Therefore, these recommendations can be used by waqf property managers to improve the process of implementing waqf property istibdal so that it can be used to its maximum potential.

Social implications

If the recommendations in this study can be implemented, the Muslim community will benefit greatly from the waqf property because it is being developed through the method of istibdal. This impact can increase the confidence of the Muslim community towards MAIN in managing waqf property and encouraging the Muslim community to contribute to waqf property for the welfare of the ummah.

Originality/value

This study involved data on a larger waqf istibdal implementations that involved several states in Peninsular Malaysia, which to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the analysis involving such large research data have not been implemented before.

Details

Qualitative Research in Financial Markets, vol. 15 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1755-4179

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Article
Publication date: 8 May 2017

T.V.V.L.N. Rao, A.M.A. Rani, M. Awang and F.M. Hashim

This paper aims to present stability of a three-layered journal bearing considering magnitude of the layers’ thicknesses and viscosities with slip/partial slip on the bearing…

286

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to present stability of a three-layered journal bearing considering magnitude of the layers’ thicknesses and viscosities with slip/partial slip on the bearing surface.

Design/methodology/approach

Modified Reynolds equation based on one-dimensional analysis is derived for a three-layered journal bearing with slip/partial slip. Dynamic coefficients are derived based on infinitesimal perturbation method. Linearized stability analysis is presented taking into account slip/partial slip on bearing surface; thicknesses and viscosities of bearing surface layer; and core layer and journal surface layer.

Findings

Results of threshold speed and critical whirl frequency ratio coefficients (Cω, CΩ), stiffness (Kij for i = x,y) and damping (Bij for i = x, y) coefficients and threshold speed (ωs) and critical whirl frequency ratio (Ωs) are presented. The bearing surface is analyzed for slip (total surface with slip) and partial slip (partial surface with slip). The slip-on bearing surface reduces stability, while partial slip improves bearing stability. The threshold speed coefficient (Cω) decreases with slip on bearing surface. The threshold speed (ωs) and critical whirl frequency ratio (Ωs) are influenced by the variation of threshold speed coefficient (Cω) and critical whirl frequency ratio coefficient (CΩ), respectively. A three-layered journal bearing with partial slip and thick high viscosity bearing surface layer results in higher threshold speed coefficient and has a potential to improve stability of journal bearing. The analyses indicate that optimal angular extent of partial slip region (θs) enhances the stability of journal bearing.

Originality/value

The paper presents parametric study of stability coefficients (Cω and CΩ) and evaluation of threshold speed (ωs) and critical whirl frequency ratio (Ωs) of a three-layered journal bearing with slip/partial slip.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 69 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

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Article
Publication date: 16 May 2024

Afiffudin Mohammed Noor, Fathullah Asni, Muhamad Husni Hasbulah and Muhamad Rozaimi Ramle

This study aims to examine the factors of implementing istibdal waqf and generating cash waqf funds through istibdal in Penang. This study was based on the previous problem…

160

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to examine the factors of implementing istibdal waqf and generating cash waqf funds through istibdal in Penang. This study was based on the previous problem statements, stating that waqf property could not be developed due to lack of cash funds. This has allowed the study to explore the factors for implementing istibdal waqf property and the extent to which the istibdal method can generate cash waqf funds in Penang.

Design/methodology/approach

This study adopted a qualitative method by conducting semi-structured interviews to achieve its research goals. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to comprehensively understand the current practice on istibdal cases in Penang State Islamic Religious Council (MAINPP) through official institutions concerned with waqf management practices in Penang. This research relied on purposive sampling to select the informants. It is a sampling strategy to select the informants in advance based on the research question. To achieve the purpose of this study, two officers from MAINPP were selected based on their working experience and specialisation criteria. As a result, several themes were successfully defined from the interview data before being analysed based on the content analysis method.

Findings

The results present three istibdal implementation processes outlined by MAINPP, namely, the istibdal implementation process for waqf land involved in the acquisition by state authorities (PBN), non-productive waqf land and istibdal applications from certain parties. The results also reveal two factors in implementing istibdal in Penang: the acquisition of waqf land by PBN and the application of istibdal for cemeteries by the Islamic Centre of Universiti Sains Malaysia. From the point of cash fund generation, no case of istibdal implementation records the generation of cash funds to MAINPP. Thus, this study ends with proposals for improving the process and implementing istibdal in Penang to generate cash funds to help MAINPP manage waqf properties.

Research limitations/implications

The study only focused on implementing factors and generating cash waqf funds through istibdal in Penang. At the same time, it can be expanded to other states like Terengganu, Johor and Kelantan. This study only interviewed officers who manage matters related to the affairs of waqf properties. Therefore, it is believed that the study can be extended to other respondents, such as experts in cash fund generation investments and others.

Practical implications

This study proposed improvements to the policy and practice of istibdal waqf property to MAINPP after the shortcomings were identified throughout this study. If improved, these proposals will significantly impact the waqf properties involved in implementing istibdal, where it can generate cash and ensure the constant economic value of waqf properties.

Social implications

This study has great implications for society through the development of a cash waqf fund that can provide great benefits to the needy, in addition to increasing funds for the welfare expenditure of Muslims through rental income, investment and development. Progress and significant impact on waqf property can provide a high indicator of the efficiency of an organisation in managing waqf property. This can attract the interest of the public, especially the wealthy, to always fulfil welfare through the waqf mechanism and share the wealth with the needy.

Originality/value

This study contributes to comprehensive field data on the implementation of istibdal in Penang. The data analysis results are significant to be used by the waqf property management.

Details

Qualitative Research in Financial Markets, vol. 17 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1755-4179

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Article
Publication date: 4 April 2023

Fathullah Asni, Afiffudin Mohammed Noor and Muhamad Husni Hasbulah

The purpose of this study is to examine the management of cash waqf fund generation through the implementation of istibdal in Kedah.

426

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to examine the management of cash waqf fund generation through the implementation of istibdal in Kedah.

Design/methodology/approach

The data are obtained through literature and empirical data. The authors first review the literature on the importance of waqf fundraising, the implementation factors of istibdal waqf and the relevance of istibdal method as a waqf fund generation medium to understand the extent to which the scholarly articles have discussed these topics. Furthermore, the authors conducted face-to-face interviews with two Kedah Islamic Religious Council (Majlis Agama Islam Kedah [MAIK]) officers, who were directly involved in the affairs of istibdal waqf to obtain holistic information regarding implementing istibdal waqf properties in Kedah. As a result, several themes are defined from the interview data before being analysed based on the content analysis method.

Findings

The results of the study show two istibdal implementation processes outlined by the Kedah Islamic Religious Council (MAIK), namely, the istibdal implementation process for waqf land registered title deed, and waqf land registered as reserve certificate for religious use like mosque and cemetery. The results also showed three factors in implementing istibdal in Kedah: the acquisition of waqf land by the state authority (PBN), istibdal application by the state education department (JPN) and istibdal application by the mosque committee. Out of eight cases of istibdal implementation, four have generated cash funds for MAIK through investment methods from the sale of waqf lands and rental of replaced shophouses that are able to cover the expenses of managing waqf properties in Kedah. Several suggestions are also recommended for MAIK to improve its istibdal policy, thus enabling the institution to generate cash waqf funds at the maximum rate.

Research limitations/implications

This study only focused on the implementation factors and the generation of cash waqf funds through istibdal in Kedah, while it can be expanded to other states like Terengganu, Kelantan and Penang. Furthermore, this study only interviewed officers who manage matters related to the affairs of waqf properties, as the session can actually be extended to other respondents, such as those specialising in cash fund generation investments and others.

Practical implications

This study proposed some improvements to the policy and guidelines of istibdal waqf property to MAIK after a few shortcomings were identified throughout this study. If improved, these proposals will have a significant impact, especially on the waqf properties involved in the implementation of istibdal, where it has the potential to bring cash generation and ensure the constant economic value of waqf properties.

Social implications

This study has a tremendous impact on society, in which their areas have cash waqf funds that can be developed. It can benefit the needy and increase funds for the welfare expenditure of Muslims through rental income, investment and development. Progress on waqf property provides a high indication of the efficiency of an organisation in managing the waqf property. Thus, the public, especially the rich, is motivated to fulfil their charitable practices through waqf mechanism and share their wealth with the needy.

Originality/value

This study contributes to comprehensive field data on the implementation factors and generation of cash waqf funds through the implementation of istibdal in Kedah. The results of this study are significant to be used by waqf property management.

Details

Qualitative Research in Financial Markets, vol. 16 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1755-4179

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Book part
Publication date: 25 May 2022

Sovik Mukherjee

The chapter points to the interactive nature of the different aspects of sustainability of development and investigates the interrelations among the various facets of development…

Abstract

The chapter points to the interactive nature of the different aspects of sustainability of development and investigates the interrelations among the various facets of development or sustainability. It further makes deeper analysis of the dynamic relations among human development, the natural environment, and economic growth. Using simultaneous equation econometric models for 1990–2019 in a cross section of 110 countries, it observes that economic growth in terms of growth of per capita national income is important for both human development as well as for environmental conservation and protection. For environmental sustainability it is thus both growth policy and direct environmental policies relating to protecting human health and health of the ecosystem would be of prime importance.

Details

Globalization, Income Distribution and Sustainable Development
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80117-870-9

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Book part
Publication date: 26 March 2024

Sanjeev Kumar, Bharat Kapoor and Mushtaq Ahmad Shah

Purpose: The hospitality industry faces several contemporary issues and challenges that have the potential to impact its growth and development. This study aims to identify and…

Abstract

Purpose: The hospitality industry faces several contemporary issues and challenges that have the potential to impact its growth and development. This study aims to identify and analyse contemporary issues and challenges facing the hospitality industry, including trends, regulations, and Tech salutation.

Need for the study: The hospitality industry plays a significant role in the global economy with its diverse services, including accommodation, food and beverage, events, and tourism. However, the sector faces several contemporary issues and challenges that have the potential to impact its growth and development. This study will provide an overview of the most significant problems and challenges facing the hospitality industry today.

Methodology: The researchers used secondary data for the analysis of the chapter. The researchers reviewed journal papers, books, book chapters, government websites, handbooks, reports, internet, and official records for identification of issues and challenges in the hospitality industry.

Findings: The study identified several contemporary issues and challenges facing the hospitality industry, including the impact of technology and COVID-19 on operations and customer experience, changing consumer preferences for sustainable and ethical practices, labour shortages and retention issues, increasing competition, and changing regulatory environments.

Practical implications: The hospitality industry faces numerous contemporary issues and challenges that impact its sustainability and profitability. Industry stakeholders must understand and address these challenges to remain competitive and relevant in a rapidly changing global market. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the contemporary issues and challenges facing the hospitality industry and suggest potential strategies for addressing these challenges.

Details

The Framework for Resilient Industry: A Holistic Approach for Developing Economies
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83753-735-8

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 2022

Nand Gopal and Dilbagh Panchal

The proposed hybridized framework provides a new performance optimization-based paradigm for analysing the failure behaviour of paneer unit (PU) in the dairy industry.

175

Abstract

Purpose

The proposed hybridized framework provides a new performance optimization-based paradigm for analysing the failure behaviour of paneer unit (PU) in the dairy industry.

Design/methodology/approach

A novel fuzzy Jaya-based Lambda–Tau Optimization (JBLTO) approach-based mathematical modelling was developed for calculating various reliability indices of the considered unit. Failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) was carried using qualitative information gathered from system's expert opinions. Fuzzy-complex proportional assessment (FCOPRAS) approach was integrated within FMEA to recognize the most critical failure causes associated with various subsystem/components.

Findings

The availability of the unit falls by 0.053% as the uncertainty level increases from ±15 to ±25% and further decreases to 0.323% as the uncertainty level increases from ±25 to ±60%. Failure causes, namely wearing in gears of gearbox (MST4), an impeller's cavitation and/or corrosion (CFP4), winding failure of electric motor (WS9), were recognized as the most critical failure causes with FCOPRAS final performance scores of 100, 100 and 100 and fuzzy combinative distance-based assessment (FCODAS) resultant assessment score of 0.5997, 1.1898 and 1.6135.

Originality/value

JBLTO approach-based reliability results were compared with traditional particle swarm optimization-based Lambda–Tau (PSOBLT) and traditional fuzzy Lambda–Tau (FLT) approaches for confirming the downward trend in the system's availability. The ranking results of qualitative analysis are compared with the implementation of FCODAS technique. Sensitivity analysis was executed to evaluate the robustness of the proposed hybridized framework.

Details

Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering, vol. 29 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2511

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Article
Publication date: 5 August 2019

Amit Kumar, Vinod Kumar and Vikas Modgil

The purpose of this paper is to optimize the performance for complex repairable system of paint manufacturing unit using a new hybrid bacterial foraging and particle swarm…

102

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to optimize the performance for complex repairable system of paint manufacturing unit using a new hybrid bacterial foraging and particle swarm optimization (BFO-PSO) evolutionary algorithm. For this, a performance model is developed with an objective to analyze the system availability.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, a Markov process-based performance model is put forward for system availability estimation. The differential equations associated with the performance model are developed assuming that the failure and repair rate parameters of each sub-system are constant and follow the exponential distribution. The long-run availability expression for the system has been derived using normalizing condition. This mathematical framework is utilized for developing an optimization model in MATLAB 15 and solved through BFO-PSO and basic particle swarm optimization (PSO) evolutionary algorithms coded in the light of applicability. In this analysis, the optimal input parameters are determined for better system performance.

Findings

In the present study, the sensitivity analysis for various sub-systems is carried out in a more consistent manner in terms of the effect on system availability. The optimal failure and repair rate parameters are obtained by solving the performance optimization model through the proposed hybrid BFO-PSO algorithm and hence improved system availability. Further, the results obtained through the proposed evolutionary algorithm are compared with the PSO findings in order to verify the solution. It can be clearly observed from the obtained results that the hybrid BFO-PSO algorithm modifies the solution more precisely and consistently.

Research limitations/implications

There is no limitation for implementation of proposed methodology in complex systems, and it can, therefore, be used to analyze the behavior of the other repairable systems in higher sensitivity zone.

Originality/value

The performance model of the paint manufacturing system is formulated by utilizing the available uncertain data of the used manufacturing unit. Using these data information, which affects the performance of the system are parameterized in the input failure and repair rate parameters for each sub-system. Further, these parameters are varied to find the sensitivity of a sub-system for system availability among the various sub-systems in order to predict the repair priorities for different sub-systems. The findings of the present study show their correspondence with the system experience and highlight the various availability measures for the system analyst in maintenance planning.

Details

International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, vol. 36 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0265-671X

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Book part
Publication date: 10 February 2023

Anjali Rai and Lata Bajpai Singh

Introduction: The rapid growth of high technology has urged many organisations to dynamically look for innovative ways, ideas, testing, and ingenious solution in improving their…

Abstract

Introduction: The rapid growth of high technology has urged many organisations to dynamically look for innovative ways, ideas, testing, and ingenious solution in improving their current product, process, system, and technology. For contemporary business, artificial intelligence (AI)-based people analytics is an instrument currently employed to develop a better prosperous future.

Purpose: The study aims to investigate the usage of AI in human resource management (HRM) practices. It also examines the benefits and challenges of using AI in implementing people analytics in organisations.

Methodology: This chapter contains a systemic review of articles and papers on analytics. The presented qualitative study did a literature review based on the articles published in the last five years and extracted from the Scopus database.

Findings: This chapter indicated that AI-based people analytics is on the verge of changing various aspects of HRM practices better to furnish it for a vibrant, ever-changing workplace. It concludes different usage of AI in people analytics for better managing human resources (HR) at the workplace. Also explored the benefits and challenges of implementing AI in the people analytics domain.

Implications: This chapter will help understand ongoing practices of AI-enabled process benefits and challenges. This insight will help develop a better AI-enabled function for a better decision-making system. The future scope of the study is how to overcome the challenges.

Details

The Adoption and Effect of Artificial Intelligence on Human Resources Management, Part A
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80382-027-9

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Article
Publication date: 21 January 2021

Noor Azimah Ghazali, Ibrahim Sipan, Mohammad Tahir Sabit Haji Mohammad and Muhammad Arif Ab Aziz

This paper aims to propose a new framework for the management of a waqf land registration system in Malaysia that is compliant with Islamic law and the Malaysian legal system. The…

876

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to propose a new framework for the management of a waqf land registration system in Malaysia that is compliant with Islamic law and the Malaysian legal system. The study sought to answer the following two research questions: what are the issues of the waqf land registration system and how to solve the issues of waqf land registration in Malaysia.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used a qualitative research method by using content analysis, legal investigation and doctrinal research. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with lawyers, academicians and executive officers from the Department of Land and Mines, the State Islamic Religious Council and reviewed documents mainly from the Department of Waqf, Zakat and Hajj Malaysia.

Findings

A new framework for the management of waqf land registration in Malaysia was identified, which was developed based on current waqf issues such as problematic registration methods, lengthy and complicated procedures, interference in the jurisdiction of the civil court and idle waqf land. The framework overcame the flaw of the previous waqf land registration system in Malaysia.

Originality/value

The new framework will provide solutions to the current registration system within the National Land Code, 1965, which will secure property in the future.

Details

International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, vol. 14 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1753-8394

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