Kouroush Jenab, Ahmad Sarfaraz, Philip D. Weinsier, Asghar Moeini and A.M.A. Al-Ahmari
Computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) refers the manufacturing concept based on the use of computers to control and exchange information for the entire production process. As a…
Abstract
Purpose
Computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) refers the manufacturing concept based on the use of computers to control and exchange information for the entire production process. As a result, manufacturing can be faster and less error-prone. However, managing and implementing technologies in the CIM environment are challenging processes for managements and manufacturing organizations. These processes become complex and tedious when one is dealing with many decision parameters. The paper aims to discuss these issues.
Design/methodology/approach
This study reports an Interval Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (i-DEMATEL) method for evaluating and selecting the CIM technologies that takes into account management objectives. This method can relieve the limitation of the relationship matrix about the assumption of the symmetrical relationship. As a result, it can solve complicated relationship structure problems.
Findings
Based on a survey on the current technologies in manufacturing institutes, a case study is demonstrated to present the application of the model. The i-DEMATEL approach takes into account all decision parameters for evaluating and implementing CIM technologies and shows CNC/DNC technology is the most suitable for this case study.
Originality/value
The proposed method mitigates the shortcomings of non-fuzzy and fuzzy methods in pertaining literature.
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Sunusi Abdulkarim, Abubakar Basiru, Zuhra Junaida Husny, Nafiu Abubakar Babaji, Sadiq AB Mohammed, Farouk AB Mohammed, Umar Abdullahi Mai’ Auduga and Babangida Abdulkarim
This chapter seeks to explain the manufacturing industries that have gone a lot of transformation in recent years. The changes were brought as a result of implementation of…
Abstract
This chapter seeks to explain the manufacturing industries that have gone a lot of transformation in recent years. The changes were brought as a result of implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies. The aim of this chapter is to study Smart Manufacturing (SM) and to implement Industry 4.0 in a Sustainable Supply Chain. The study is qualitative which employs secondary sources of data. The data of the study were sourced from relevant published articles from 2017 to 23. Also the data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The results of the study revealed that, artificial intelligence (AI) Models, Cloud Connection, Smart Product, standard communication, cyber-physical system (CPS), virtual system builder among others are the requirements for adopting SM. While Augmented Reality (AR), 3D Printing, Big Data Analytics, AI, Internet of Things (IoT), among others are the major 14.0 technologies that enable Smart Manufacturing System (SMS). However, security issues, system integration, interoperability, multilingualism, standard interface, data quality, privacy concern, investment concern are the major challenges of implementing SMS for sustainable supply chain. This study concluded that, implementing SM in sustainable supply chain have significantly improved company's productivity, innovation, efficiency, effectiveness, cost-effective manufacturing operations as well as sustainable management.
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The purpose of this paper is to address a model for the selection of an appropriate design method of a CIFMS utilizing the ANP within a MIGP model.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to address a model for the selection of an appropriate design method of a CIFMS utilizing the ANP within a MIGP model.
Design/methodology/approach
The selection process is multi‐goal and has both integer and non‐integer variables which require the use of a MIGP model for optimization.
Findings
The results show that the selection of an appropriate design method can greatly decrease the deviation factors from any given company's goals.
Originality/value
The implementation of a CIFMS offers companies many benefits, which enable them to produce high quality products with shorter lead‐time. A CIFMS is not a general software program that can be readily applicable to any given manufacturing company, it is a uniquely designed system specifically tailored to a given company guided by a method. Therefore the most crucial process in developing and implementing an efficient CIFMS is selecting a design method which brings forth a MCDM problem with varied degrees of interdependencies among the decision components.
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Among the many accepted clustering techniques, the fuzzy clustering approaches have been developed over the last decades. These approaches have been applied to many areas in…
Abstract
Among the many accepted clustering techniques, the fuzzy clustering approaches have been developed over the last decades. These approaches have been applied to many areas in manufacturing systems. In this paper, a fuzzy clustering approach is proposed for selecting machine cells and part families in cellular manufacturing systems. This fuzzy approach offers a special advantage over existing clustering approaches as it presents the degree of membership of the machine or part associated with each machine cell or part family allowing users flexibility in formulating machine cells and part families. The proposed algorithm is extended and validated using numerical examples to demonstrate its application in cellular manufacturing.
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Wahyudin P. Syam, Huda A. Al‐Shehri, A.M. Al‐Ahmari, Khalid A. Al‐Wazzan and M.A. Mannan
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the potential application of electron beam melting, as a layered manufacturing process, to fabricate dental coping of metal‐ceramic…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the potential application of electron beam melting, as a layered manufacturing process, to fabricate dental coping of metal‐ceramic crown restoration using Ti6Al4V powder.
Design/methodology/approach
This experiment was conducted in two steps: shrinkage study to determine scale up factor for shrinkage compensation and parameter selection study, based on thickness, hardness, and surface roughness, to select process parameter of electron beam melting.
Findings
A promising result of fabricating metal coping of Ti6Al4V via electron beam melting was shown. Ti6Al4V coping was successfully fabricated, with an average thickness of 0.52 mm required for dental coping. Total average hardness of 333.35 HV that is comparable to casted Ti6Al4V with considerably high roughness of RSm of 382 μm.
Originality/value
The paper presents a novel application of electron beam melting to fabricate metal coping for metal‐ceramic crown restoration.
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Swapnil Vyavahare, Soham Teraiya, Deepak Panghal and Shailendra Kumar
Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is the most economical additive manufacturing technique. The purpose of this paper is to describe a detailed review of this technique. Total 211…
Abstract
Purpose
Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is the most economical additive manufacturing technique. The purpose of this paper is to describe a detailed review of this technique. Total 211 research papers published during the past 26 years, that is, from the year 1994 to 2019 are critically reviewed. Based on the literature review, research gaps are identified and the scope for future work is discussed.
Design/methodology/approach
Literature review in the domain of FDM is categorized into five sections – (i) process parameter optimization, (ii) environmental factors affecting the quality of printed parts, (iii) post-production finishing techniques to improve quality of parts, (iv) numerical simulation of process and (iv) recent advances in FDM. Summary of major research work in FDM is presented in tabular form.
Findings
Based on literature review, research gaps are identified and scope of future work in FDM along with roadmap is discussed.
Research limitations/implications
In the present paper, literature related to chemical, electric and magnetic properties of FDM parts made up of various filament feedstock materials is not reviewed.
Originality/value
This is a comprehensive literature review in the domain of FDM focused on identifying the direction for future work to enhance the acceptability of FDM printed parts in industries.
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Swapnil Vyavahare, Shailendra Kumar and Deepak Panghal
This paper aims to focus on an experimental study of surface roughness, dimensional accuracy and time of fabrication of parts produced by fused deposition modelling (FDM…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to focus on an experimental study of surface roughness, dimensional accuracy and time of fabrication of parts produced by fused deposition modelling (FDM) technique of additive manufacturing. The fabricated parts of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) material have pyramidal and conical features. Influence of five process parameters of FDM, namely, layer thickness, wall print speed, build orientation, wall thickness and extrusion temperature is studied on response characteristics. Furthermore, regression models for responses are developed and significant process parameters are optimized.
Design/methodology/approach
Comprehensive experimental study is performed using response surface methodology. Analysis of variance is used to investigate the influence of process parameters on surface roughness, dimensional accuracy and time of fabrication in both outer pyramidal and inner conical regions of part. Furthermore, a multi-response optimization using desirability function is performed to minimize surface roughness, improve dimensional accuracy and minimize time of fabrication of parts.
Findings
It is found that layer thickness and build orientation are significant process parameters for surface roughness of parts. Surface roughness increases with increase in layer thickness, while it decreases initially and then increases with increase in build orientation. Layer thickness, wall print speed and build orientation are significant process parameters for dimensional accuracy of FDM parts. For the time of fabrication, layer thickness and build orientation are found as significant process parameters. Based on the analysis, statistical non-linear quadratic models are developed to predict surface roughness, dimensional accuracy and time of fabrication. Optimization of process parameters is also performed using desirability function.
Research limitations/implications
The present study is restricted to the parts of ABS material with pyramidal and conical features only fabricated on FDM machine with delta configuration.
Originality/value
From the critical review of literature it is found that some researchers have made to study the influence of few process parameters on surface roughness, dimensional accuracy and time of fabrication of simple geometrical parts. Also, regression models and optimization of process parameters has been performed for simple parts. The present work is focussed on studying all these aspects in complicated geometrical parts with pyramidal and conical features.
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Amir Hossein Niknamfar, Seyed Armin Akhavan Niaki and Marziyeh karimi
The purpose of this study is to develop a novel and practical series-parallel inventory-redundancy allocation system in a green supply chain including a single manufacturer and…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to develop a novel and practical series-parallel inventory-redundancy allocation system in a green supply chain including a single manufacturer and multiple retailers operating in several positions without any conflict of interests. The manufacturer first produces multi-product and then dispatches them to the retailers at different wholesale prices based on a common replenishment cycle policy. In contrast, the retailers sell the purchased products to customers at different retail prices. In this way, the manufacturer encounters a redundancy allocation problem (RAP), in which the solution subsequently enhances system production reliability. Furthermore, to emphasize on global warming and human health concerns, this paper pays attention both the tax cost of industrial greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of all produced products and the limitation for total GHG emissions.
Design/methodology/approach
The manufacturer intends not only to maximize the total net profit but also to minimize the mean time to failure of his production system using a RAP. To achieve these objectives, the max-min approach associated with the solution method known as the interior point method is utilized to maximize the minimum (the worst) value of the objective functions. Finally, numerical experiments are presented to further demonstrate the applicability of the proposed methodology. Sensitivity analysis on the green supply chain approach is also performed to obtain more insight.
Findings
The computational results showed that increasing the number of products and retailers might lead into a substantial increase in the total net profit. This indicated that the manufacturer would feel adding a new retailer to the green supply chain strongly. Moreover, an increase in the number of machines provides significant improvement in the reliability of the production system. Furthermore, the results of the performed sensitivity analysis on the green approach indicated that increasing the number of machines has a substantial impact on both the total net profit and the total tax cost. In addition, not only the proposed green supply chain was more efficient than the supply chain without green but also the proposed green supply chain was very sensitive to the tax cost of GHG emission rather than the number of machines.
Originality/value
In summary, the motivations are as follows: the development of a bi-objective series-parallel inventory-RAP in a green supply chain; proposing a hybrid inventory-RAP; and considering the interior point solution method. The novel method comes from both theoretical and experimental techniques. The paper also has industrial applications. The advantage of using the proposed approach is to generate additional opportunities and cost effectiveness for businesses and companies that operate utilizing the green supply chain under an inventory model.
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The production-distribution (P-D) problems are two critical problems in many industries, in particular, in manufacturing systems and the supply chain management. In previous…
Abstract
Purpose
The production-distribution (P-D) problems are two critical problems in many industries, in particular, in manufacturing systems and the supply chain management. In previous researches on P-D planning, the demands of the retailers and their inventory levels have less been controlled. This may lead into huge challenges for a P-D plan such as the bullwhip effects. Therefore, to remove this challenge, the purpose of this paper is to integrate a P-D planning and the vendor-managed inventory (VMI) as a strong strategy to manage the bullwhip effects in supply chains. The proposed P-D-VMI aims to minimize the total cost of the manufacturer, the total cost of the retailers, and the total distribution time simultaneously.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper presents a multi-objective non-linear model for a P-D planning in a three-level supply chain including several external suppliers at the first level, a single manufacturer at the second level, and multi-retailer at the third level. A non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm and a non-dominated ranking genetic algorithm are designed and tuned to solve the proposed problem. Then, their performances are statistically analyzed and ranked by the TOPSIS method.
Findings
The applicability of the proposed model and solution methodologies are demonstrated under several problems. A sensitivity analysis indicates the market scale and demand elasticity have a substantial impact on the total cost of the manufacturer in the proposed P-D-VMI.
Originality/value
Although the P-D planning is a popular approach, there has been little discussion about the P-D planning based on VMI so far. The novelty comes from developing a practical and new approach that integrates the P-D planning and VMI.
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Felix Endress, Julius Tiesler and Markus Zimmermann
Metal laser-powder-bed-fusion using laser-beam parts are particularly susceptible to contamination due to particles attached to the surface. This may compromise so-called…
Abstract
Purpose
Metal laser-powder-bed-fusion using laser-beam parts are particularly susceptible to contamination due to particles attached to the surface. This may compromise so-called technical cleanliness (e.g. in NASA RPTSTD-8070, ASTM G93, ISO 14952 or ISO 16232), which is important for many 3D-printed components, such as implants or liquid rocket engines. The purpose of the presented comparative study is to show how cleanliness is improved by design and different surface treatment methods.
Design/methodology/approach
Convex and concave test parts were designed, built and surface-treated by combinations of media blasting, electroless nickel plating and electrochemical polishing. After cleaning and analysing the technical cleanliness according to ASTM and ISO standards, effects on particle contamination, appearance, mass and dimensional accuracy are presented.
Findings
Contamination reduction factors are introduced for different particle sizes and surface treatment methods. Surface treatments were more effective for concave design features, however, the initial and resulting absolute particle contamination was higher. Results further indicate that there are trade-offs between cleanliness and other objectives in design. Design guidelines are introduced to solve conflicts in design when requirements for cleanliness exist.
Originality/value
This paper recommends designing parts and corresponding process chains for manufacturing simultaneously. Incorporating post-processing characteristics into the design phase is both feasible and essential. In the experimental study, electroless nickel plating in combination with prior glass bead blasting resulted in the lowest total remaining particle contamination. This process applied for cleanliness is a novelty, as well as a comparison between the different surface treatment methods.