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Article
Publication date: 31 October 2008

A.J. Omole, G.E. Ogbosuka, A.O. Oredehin and J.O. Osayomi

Some snail farmers in Nigeria believe that inclusion of table salt (Nacl) in the diet of snails will have an adverse effect and result in mortality. Hence, this study aims to…

280

Abstract

Purpose

Some snail farmers in Nigeria believe that inclusion of table salt (Nacl) in the diet of snails will have an adverse effect and result in mortality. Hence, this study aims to assess the effect of inclusion of common salt (Nacl) in the diet of the growing snail.

Design/methodology/approach

Four dietary treatments of the same energy and protein values; Sa, Sb, Sc and Sd were formulated to contain 0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 per cent Nacl, respectively. Each treatment was replicated thrice with 15 growing snails per replicate in a completely randomized design. The snails were reared in a cage of 12 compartments. Feed intake and weight gain were measured on a daily and weekly basis with the use of a sensitive weight scale. Shell length and width were measured by vernier caliper. An observation of mortality was made. The study lasted for six months.

Findings

The results show that feed intake and weight gain were better in the diet containing 0.2 per cent salt than the control with 0 per cent salt inclusion. The feed was better utilized in all the treatments than in the control diet. The digestibility was also better in all the treatments than the 0 per cent salt inclusion. It was observed that no mortality was recorded in any of the treatments.

Originality/value

The results establish that inclusion of salt up to 0.3 per cent in the diet of growing snails did not have an adverse effect on feed intake, weight gain and survivability as against the belief of some farmers that salt should not be included in the diet of snails.

Details

Nutrition & Food Science, vol. 38 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0034-6659

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Article
Publication date: 31 October 2008

A.J. Omole, F.O. Ajasin, J.A. Oluokun and O.O. Obi

In the livestock industry in Nigeria, maize is a major source of energy and it is expensive because of competition between man and animal. Dry plantain peel of minimal cost was…

298

Abstract

Purpose

In the livestock industry in Nigeria, maize is a major source of energy and it is expensive because of competition between man and animal. Dry plantain peel of minimal cost was used to replace the maize fraction of the diet of rabbit in order to reduce cost. The purpose of this paper is to examine the performance characteristics of rabbit fed plantain peel.

Design/methodology/approach

The feeding trial had five treatments, T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 in which the maize fraction in the diet was replaced at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 per cent, respectively. Completely randomized designs were used and each treatment was replicated thrice with three rabbits per replicate. The parameters taken were feed intake and weight gain on a daily and weekly basis. Feed conversion ratio, total feed cost and cost per weight gain were calculated.

Findings

The results show that there was no significant difference in the weight gain between the control diet (T1) and T3 (p < 0.05). The feed conversion ratio was relatively similar in T1 and T4. The cost per weight gain reduced from N53.57 in the control diet to N33.39 in T3 (75 per cent replacement).

Originality/value

In the livestock industry, maize is expensive because it serves as food for both man and animal. The results indicate that the feed cost of rabbit could be reduced by replacing the maize fraction of the diet with 75 per cent dry plantain peel.

Details

Nutrition & Food Science, vol. 38 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0034-6659

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Article
Publication date: 20 May 2022

Aparna Prasad Bhat

This paper aims to propose the implied volatility index for the US dollar–Indian rupee pair (INRVIX). The study seeks to examine whether INRVIX truly reflects future USDINR (US…

159

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to propose the implied volatility index for the US dollar–Indian rupee pair (INRVIX). The study seeks to examine whether INRVIX truly reflects future USDINR (US Dollar-Indian rupee) volatility and signals profitable currency trading strategies.

Design/methodology/approach

Two measures of INRVIX are constructed and compared: a model-free version based on the methodology adopted by the Chicago Board of Options Exchange (CBOE) and a model-dependent version constructed from Black–Scholes–Merton-implied volatility. The proposed INRVIX is computed by tweaking some parameters of the CBOE methodology to ensure compatibility with the microstructure of the Indian currency derivatives market. The volatility forecasting ability of INRVIX is compared to that of a generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (1,1) model. Ordinary least squares regression is used to examine the relationship between n-day-ahead USDINR returns and different quantiles of INRVIX.

Findings

Results indicate that INRVIX based on the model-free approach reflects ex post volatility in a better manner than its model-dependent counterpart, although neither measure is found to be an unbiased and efficient forecast. Subsample analysis across tranquil and turbulent periods corroborates the results. The volatility forecasting performance of INRVIX is found to be better than that of forecasts based on historical time-series. These results are consistent with similar studies of developed market currencies. The study does not find any significant relationship between extreme levels of INRVIX and the profitability of trading strategies based on such levels, which is contrary to results from the equity options market.

Practical implications

Foreign exchange volatility affects the costs of international trade and the external sector competitiveness of Indian multinationals. It is a significant risk factor for financial institutions and traders in the financial markets. An implied VIX for the USDINR could serve as an indicator of expected foreign exchange risk. It could thus provide a signal for a possible intervention in the forex market by the regulator. Regulators could introduce volatility derivative contracts based on the INRVIX. Such contracts would enable hedging of the pure volatility risk of dollar–rupee exposure. Thus, the study has practical implications for investors, hedgers, regulators and academicians alike.

Originality/value

To the author’s knowledge, this is one of a few studies to construct an implied VIX for an emerging currency like the rupee. The study is based on up-to-date sample data that includes the recent COVID-19 market crash. A novel contribution of this paper is that in addition to examining whether INRVIX contains information about future USDINR volatility, and it also examines the signalling power of INRVIX for currency trading strategies.

Details

Journal of Indian Business Research, vol. 14 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1755-4195

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 2006

S.B. Fasoyiro, S.R. Ajibade, A.J. Omole, O.N. Adeniyan and E.O. Farinde

African yam bean (Sphenotylis stenocarpa), bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranean), pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) and lima bean (Phaseolus luunatus) are some of the minor grain…

1294

Abstract

Purpose

African yam bean (Sphenotylis stenocarpa), bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranean), pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) and lima bean (Phaseolus luunatus) are some of the minor grain legumes found in Nigeria. Their utilization has been very limiting because little is known about their nutritive value. The proximate, minerals and antinutritional factors of two collections of African yam bean, lima beans and pigeon pea, and one collection of bambara groundnut seeds grown in south‐western Nigeria were studied.

Design/methodology/approach

Dry seeds of two collections of African yam bean, pigeon pea and lima beans, and a collection of bambara groundnut were collected from Oyo and Ondo States in south‐western Nigeria. The legumes were sorted, milled and stored in polythene bags at 4°C.

Findings

The crude protein in the legumes was in the range of 22–37 per cent, crude fat 1.47–4.96 per cent, crude fibre 1.92–7.21 per cent and ash 3.33–5.61 per cent. K, Ca and P were in the range of 0.15–0.52 per cent. Iron content of the seeds was very low. The antinutrients, tannin, phytic acid and trypsin inhibitor were very high when compared to those of cowpea, groundnut and soybean.

Originality/value

It therefore implies that consumption of these legumes will require processes that will reduce their antinutritional factors.

Details

Nutrition & Food Science, vol. 36 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0034-6659

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Article
Publication date: 1 August 2002

R.A. Hamzat, C.O. Jaiyeola and O.G. Longe

This experiment was set up to assess the potential of fresh kola testa in feeding the African giant land snail (Archachatina marginata) raised in a kola plantation. The…

369

Abstract

This experiment was set up to assess the potential of fresh kola testa in feeding the African giant land snail (Archachatina marginata) raised in a kola plantation. The nutritional qualities of the snail meat were then assessed after the trial. The feed intake, weight gain, shell breadth, aperture radius, shell length carcass values of the snails, the proximate analysis and the sensory evaluation of the snail meat were assessed for snails fed on four different diets.

Details

Nutrition & Food Science, vol. 32 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0034-6659

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Article
Publication date: 24 February 2020

Samuel Ayofemi Olalekan Adeyeye, Olusola Timothy Bolaji, Titilope Adebusola Abegunde and Taofeek Olawale Adesina

This study aims to review processing and utilization of snail meat in alleviating protein malnutrition in Africa. Most countries in Africa are faced with a major challenge of…

456

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to review processing and utilization of snail meat in alleviating protein malnutrition in Africa. Most countries in Africa are faced with a major challenge of protein malnutrition as a result of high cost of animal proteins. This has encouraged more research works in the use of wild or game meat to meet the much-needed animal proteins.

Design/methodology/approach

Previous literatures on the above subject matter were reviewed. In many African countries, the use of snails, rodents and other small livestock in the wild could help in improving the nutritional needs of the people in both urban and rural areas, as well as adding economic value through income generation to the local people.

Findings

Snails are very rich in dietary protein, low in fat and cholesterol and are good sources of iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. Previous studies showed that snail meat contains 70 per cent of water and its dry matter contains high amounts of essential amino acids such as lysine, leucine, arginine and tryptophan. Research studies have shown that snail contains calcium orthophosphate, a chemical substrate that could alleviate and reduce kidney diseases. Also, the glandular substances found in edible snails were found to have antimicrobial activities that cause agglutination of certain bacteria, which could be used against some ailments like whooping cough. As snail meat products have high nutritional value, spoilage sets in after one or two days after harvesting, and therefore, the preservation of snail meat has become a major concern to farmers, processors and consumers. Several preservation techniques could be adopted, which include smoking, sun drying, convectional drying and the use of natural or artificial preservatives. These methods have been found to reduce microbial load of snail meat and help to extend shelf life and keeping quality of snail meat.

Originality/value

This review X-rayed the importance of snail meat in the human diet and how this could be explored to enhance protein nutrition in developing countries.

Details

Nutrition & Food Science , vol. 50 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0034-6659

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Article
Publication date: 9 November 2015

Adenubi Adesoye and Temidayo Oluyede

This paper aims to determine the influence of genotype and environment on tannins, phytic acid, trypsin inhibitors and haemagglutinin content of African yam bean (AYB). The…

132

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to determine the influence of genotype and environment on tannins, phytic acid, trypsin inhibitors and haemagglutinin content of African yam bean (AYB). The presence of antinutritional factors (ANFs) alongside hardness-to-cook have been identified as reasons for the neglected and under-utilized status of AYB, a protein-rich legume. Various researchers have focused on ways to reduce these ANFs. However, breeding varieties of AYB with low levels of these ANFs offers a more satisfactory long-term solution to this problem.

Design/methodology/approach

Fifteen genotypes of AYB were grown in three different locations – Abakaliki (6° 19′ N 8° 6′ E), Enugu (6° 52′ N 7° 37′ E) and Ibadan (7° 26′ N 3° 53′ E). The locations are representative of the major areas where AYB are produced in Nigeria. Seeds were collected and analysed for the presence of haemagglutinin, phytic acid, trypsin inhibitors and tannin.

Findings

Genotype effects were strongest in controlling haemagglutinin content, while environment was the major source of variation for phytic acid, trypsin inhibitors and tannin content. Therefore, variability in the levels of these ANFs in AYB depends largely on the environment where they are grown. Genotype × environment was significant for all the ANFs.

Research limitations/implications

The implication of this is that an AYB genotype grown and safely consumed in an environment could have antinutritional effects when grown and consumed in another environment.

Originality/value

While research has been carried out on genotypic variations in ANFs of AYB, limited work has been done on the effect of genotype × environment interactions on these ANFs.

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Article
Publication date: 22 May 2009

S.R. Akande and M.O. Balogun

The purpose of this paper is to characterize 25 collections of pigeon pea from south‐west Nigeria using nutritional and anti‐nutritional contents of the seeds.

582

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to characterize 25 collections of pigeon pea from south‐west Nigeria using nutritional and anti‐nutritional contents of the seeds.

Design/methodology/approach

The nutritional and anti‐nutritional constituents of 25 collections of pigeon pea were determined. Data collected were subjected to correlation, principal components and fastclus analyses.

Findings

Ariation among the collections for the nutrient contents was low. Trypsin inhibitor content had the highest variability ranging between 21.74 and 35.43 Tiu/mg. Protein and trypsin inhibitor contents were significant and negatively correlated. The first three principal components explained 74.0 per cent of the total variation. Fastclus procedures grouped the collections into three. Members of cluster 1 had the highest value for protein and the lowest concentrations of the anti‐nutritional factors (ANFs). Cluster 2 possessed relatively low protein with high level of ANFs while cluster 3 was intermediate between clusters 1 and 2 for most characters.

Originality/value

The results indicate that members of cluster 1 with high protein and low levels of ANFs are good candidates in breeding/selecting pigeon pea cultivars with enhanced nutritional values.

Details

Nutrition & Food Science, vol. 39 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0034-6659

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Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 16 January 2025

Gbenga John Oladehinde

Research on the living conditions of slum dwellers in the inner cities of developing countries has received much attention. Nevertheless, there is little empirical research on the…

71

Abstract

Purpose

Research on the living conditions of slum dwellers in the inner cities of developing countries has received much attention. Nevertheless, there is little empirical research on the influence of personal attributes on the poor environmental condition of the slum area. This study aims to examine the relationship between the socio-economic characteristics and the physical condition of the slum environment in the inner city of Ibadan, Nigeria.

Design/methodology/approach

Data was collected through the use of questionnaire administration from a household survey of 491 slum dwellers. Systematic random sampling was used in the selection of the respondents. The study used descriptive, factor and multiple regression to analyse the data collected.

Findings

The study used descriptive, factor and multiple regression to analyse the data collected. The study reveals an interplay between various socio-economic factors and environmental conditions. The results show that out of ten (10) socio economic variables that were submitted in the regression model, only eight (8) of these variables such as income, household size, occupation, level of education, age, marital status, year of residency and nativity were significant.

Originality/value

The study concluded that despite the fact that the condition of the slum environment is a product of multiple interrelated factors, personal attributes also contribute to the poor environmental condition of the slum area. The study recommended that improving the socio-economic conditions of slum dwellers would lead to improved environmental conditions.

Details

Urbanization, Sustainability and Society, vol. 2 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2976-8993

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Book part
Publication date: 30 January 2025

Seyi S. Stephen, Ayodeji E. Oke, Clinton O. Aigbavboa, Opeoluwa I. Akinradewo, Pelumi E. Adetoro and Matthew Ikuabe

The chapter discussed the comprehensive integration of whole life cycle (WLC) principles in construction, mainly focusing on its application in stealth construction. It outlined…

Abstract

The chapter discussed the comprehensive integration of whole life cycle (WLC) principles in construction, mainly focusing on its application in stealth construction. It outlined the challenges of implementing WLC practices, emphasising the need for proactive planning and meticulous execution. The study highlighted key aspects of the WLC in stealth construction, including considerations for building design, energy transmission, visibility management, and security countermeasures. Additionally, it underscores the importance of addressing environmental protection, health and safety, project delivery duration, economy, and aesthetics throughout the construction process to ensure the development of resilient, sustainable, and visually appealing structures that meet the needs of present and future generations.

Details

Stealth Construction: Integrating Practices for Resilience and Sustainability
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83608-183-8

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