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Article
Publication date: 1 March 1994

A. Seyam and F. Sun

Applies a sound theory to predict in‐plane bending deformation of flexible beams under large overall motions to predict the locus of the trailing end of the ply during wiping off…

344

Abstract

Applies a sound theory to predict in‐plane bending deformation of flexible beams under large overall motions to predict the locus of the trailing end of the ply during wiping off the conveyor surface of the layup machine. A computerized numerical solution was used to estimate the locus of the trailing end of the ply for seven woven fabrics of wide range of thickness, weight, and bending rigidity. The least square method was employed to obtain regression relationship between the horizontal and vertical displacement of the trailing end of the ply for each of the seven fabrics. The regression equations and the slat height were used to calculate the minimum gap between two slats of the stacking conveyor so that the fabric trailing end does not touch the top or the side surfaces of a slat during the layup process.

Details

International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology, vol. 6 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0955-6222

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Article
Publication date: 1 February 2004

E. Grant, K.A. Luthy, J.F. Muth, L.S. Mattos, J.C. Braly, A. Seyam, T. Ghosh, A. Dhawan and K. Natarajan

This research deals with the production of electronic textiles (e‐textiles) demonstrators. Initially, the research dealt with the creation of 4×5 microphone array on a large area…

603

Abstract

This research deals with the production of electronic textiles (e‐textiles) demonstrators. Initially, the research dealt with the creation of 4×5 microphone array on a large area conformal textile substrate. Once the interface electronics were connected to the 4×5 microphone array, this system became an effective acoustic array. Here, a new acoustic eight microphone array design has been designed, fabricated and tested. Changes were made to improve microphone array performance, and to optimize the associated software for data capture and analysis. This new design was based on UC‐Berkeley mote microcomputer technology. The mote‐based system addresses the issue of scaling acoustic arrays, to allow for distributing microphones over large‐areas, and to allow performance comparisons to be made with the original 4×5 microphone acoustic array.

Details

International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology, vol. 16 no. 1/2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0955-6222

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Article
Publication date: 8 May 2018

Fatma A. Mohamed, Saadia A. Abd El-Megied, Mahmoud S. Bashandy and Hassan M. Ibrahim

This study aims to synthesise and characterise new reactive dyes based on thiazole derivatives which act as chromophoric moieties. These dyes were applied to cotton fabric…

337

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to synthesise and characterise new reactive dyes based on thiazole derivatives which act as chromophoric moieties. These dyes were applied to cotton fabric, resulting in the dyed fabrics exhibiting good colour strength, light fastness and other fastness properties. The antibacterial activity of the dyed cotton fabric was evaluated against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.

Design/methodology/approach

The dyes were synthesised in two steps. First, the coupling compound was formed by adding H-acid solution to cyanuric chloride in an ice bath at pH 5 then adding 4-aminobenzenesulphonic acid portion-wise at room temperature and at pH 6-7. Second, different diazonium salts 4-phenylthiazol-2-amine (2a) and 4-(4-methoxyphenyl) thiazol-2-amine (2b) were coupled with the coupling compound at pH 5. The resultant monochlorotriazine (MCT)-reactive dyes (6a, 6b) were formed. The synthesised dyes were applied onto cotton fabric under typical exhaust dyeing conditions and their dyeing properties were investigated.

Findings

High antimicrobial activity, dye exhaustion and fixation yield on cotton fabric were recorded for each dye. All dyes showed high stability against washing, rubbing, perspiration and light fastness.

Research limitations/implications

Dyeing of cotton fabric with these dyes which have higher fastness, higher exhaustion and higher antibacterial activity is considered one of the most important reactive dyes species.

Practical implications

The preparation procedure showed the synthesis of the novel MCT-reactive dyes derived from thiazole derivatives followed by the application of these dyes on cotton fabrics.

Social implications

Use of reactive dyes will bring a number of benefits to society including higher fastness and higher antibacterial activity so, and these dyes can be used for dyeing cotton.

Originality/value

In this work, the new reactive dyes derived from thiazole derivatives were synthesised and their structures were confirmed by the analytical and spectral data. Such compounds are considered to be excellent reactive dyes with different colour shades and higher antibacterial activity.

Details

Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. 47 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

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Article
Publication date: 1 February 2008

Kavita Mathur, Abdel-Fattah M. Seyam, David Hinks and R. Alan Donaldson

Today, Jacquard woven fabric producers are able to digitally control each warp yarn individually, pre-program the variable pick density and speed for each filling yarn, and…

52

Abstract

Today, Jacquard woven fabric producers are able to digitally control each warp yarn individually, pre-program the variable pick density and speed for each filling yarn, and automatically change a pattern without stopping the weaving process. Jacquard CAD systems dramatically reduce the time to produce fabric from the artwork or target design The process of weave/color selection for each area of the pattern is, however, still highly dependent on the CAD system operator who works from a particular color gamut. Multiple weaving trials are required to get a sample that matches the original artwork since the process requires the designer‘s subjective evaluation. The lack of automatic selection of weaves/color matching prompts this research.

This paper addresses the development of a geometric model for predicting the color contribution of each warp and filling yarn on the fabric surface in terms of construction parameters. The combination of geometric modeling and existing color mixing equations enables the prediction of the final color of different areas of a Jacquard pattern. The model was verified experimentally and a close agreement was found between a color mixing equation and the experimental measurements.

Details

Research Journal of Textile and Apparel, vol. 12 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1560-6074

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 1993

A. Seyam, F. Sun, E. McPherson, T. Clapp and T. Little

Describes a novel principle of the automatic cloth layup module. Discusses the optimum design requirement of the slat, and the main element of the cloth stacking conveyor. Using…

88

Abstract

Describes a novel principle of the automatic cloth layup module. Discusses the optimum design requirement of the slat, and the main element of the cloth stacking conveyor. Using Bernoulli‐Euler beam theory, calculates the maximum deflection of the slat for different materials and different cross‐sections of various dimensions. For the range of dimensions studied under the constraints set by the requirement of the slat, concludes that C or a hollow rectangular beam made of aluminium is the optimum selection among the cases considered.

Details

International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology, vol. 5 no. 3/4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0955-6222

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Article
Publication date: 1 November 2005

K. Mathur, A. Donaldson, D. Hinks and A.M. Seyam

Jacquard weaving provides the opportunity for designing an enormous number of complex pictorial and other patterning effects using combinations of warp colors, filling colors and…

131

Abstract

Jacquard weaving provides the opportunity for designing an enormous number of complex pictorial and other patterning effects using combinations of warp colors, filling colors and integrated weaves. Traditionally, in the fabric design process, the resultant visual perception of the design using different colored yarns can be attained only through the production of actual fabric samples. This is a very time consuming and costly process. In Jacquard woven fabrics, the use of graphical imaging in the creation of the weave structure is very useful, but the accuracy of color rendering is a far more critical attribute. Multiple trials might be required for successful color reproduction in textiles in order to match the desired artwork. In this paper, the problem of achieving accurate color fidelity in the color reproduction of woven fabrics has been addressed, and our attempt to achieve the highest possible color matching accuracy in Jacquard woven fabrics is described. So far, we are quite successful in creating a database of color/weave structures for the quality color reproduction of Jacquard fabrics. Our research places emphasis on synthesizing computer generated color images that are perceptually close to the actual woven samples, with a high degree of color accuracy.

Details

Research Journal of Textile and Apparel, vol. 9 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1560-6074

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Article
Publication date: 13 May 2020

Asfandyar Khan, Ahsan Nazir, Abdur Rehman, Maryam Naveed, Munir Ashraf, Kashif Iqbal, Abdul Basit and Hafiz Shahzad Maqsood

This review deals with the pros and cons of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on human beings and the role of textile clothing and the chemicals used for textiles to protect from their…

903

Abstract

Purpose

This review deals with the pros and cons of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on human beings and the role of textile clothing and the chemicals used for textiles to protect from their harmful effects.

Design/methodology/approach

UV radiation (UVR) which has further divided into UVA, UVB, and UVC. Almost 100% of UVC and major portion of UVB are bounced back to stratosphere by ozone layer while UVA enters the earth atmosphere. Excessive exposure of solar or artificial UVR exhibit potential risks to human health. UVR is a major carcinogen and excessive exposure of solar radiation in sunlight can cause cancer in the lip, skin squamous cell, basal cell and cutaneous melanoma, particularly in people with the fair skin.

Findings

This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the harmful effects of UVR on human skin, factors affecting UV irradiance and factors affecting UV protection offered by textile clothing.

Originality/value

Effect of fiber properties, yarn properties, fabric construction, fabric treatments and laundering has been reviewed along with the identification of gaps in the reported research. A comparison of inorganic and organic UV absorbers has also been given along with different testing and evaluation methods for UV protective clothing.

Details

International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology, vol. 32 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0955-6222

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 19 January 2023

Haymanot Enawgaw

The purpose of this paper is to give compiled information on previously applied cotton fabric surface modifications. The paper covered most of the modifications done on cotton…

302

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to give compiled information on previously applied cotton fabric surface modifications. The paper covered most of the modifications done on cotton fabric to improve its properties or to add some functional properties. The paper presented mostly studied research works that brought a significant surface improvement on cotton fabric.

Design/methodology/approach

Different previous works on surface modifications of cotton fabrics such as pilling, wrinkle and microbial resistance, hydrophobicity, cationization, flame retardancy and UV-protection characteristics were studied and their methods of modification including the main findings are well reported in this paper.

Findings

Several modification treatments on surface modification of cotton fabrics indicated an improvement in the desired properties in which the modification is needed. For instance, the pilling tendency, wrinkling, microbial degradation and UV degradation drawbacks of cotton fabric can be overcome through different modification techniques.

Originality/value

To the best of the author’s knowledge, there are no compressive documents that covered all the portions presented in this review. The author tried to cover the surface modifications done to improve the main properties of cotton fabric.

Details

Research Journal of Textile and Apparel, vol. 28 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1560-6074

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 30 July 2020

Kashif Iqbal, Farooq Azam, Faiza Safdar, Munir Ashraf, Abdur Rehman and Tehseen Ullah

This study aims to evaluate the dyeing of the p-aramid fibre with cationic dyes and investigate the effect of dyeing in the protection of the fibre from ultraviolet (UV) light.

208

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to evaluate the dyeing of the p-aramid fibre with cationic dyes and investigate the effect of dyeing in the protection of the fibre from ultraviolet (UV) light.

Design/methodology/approach

P-aramid fabric has been dyed with cationic dyes using benzyl alcohol as swelling agent to promote the penetration of dye molecules into the fibre. The fabrics were evaluated against colour strength (K/S) value and colour fastness properties after dyed with cationic dyes using full factorial design. This design was used to study the effect of factors that affect the response variables as well as to study the interactions among the factors on response variable. The bursting strength, scanning electron microscopy analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis of undyed and dyed p-aramid fabric were performed before and after exposure to UV light to investigate the changes in mechanical behaviour.

Findings

The results show that the p-aramid fabric dyed with cationic dyes has good K/S values and good fastness properties. The exposure of undyed p-aramid fabric to UV light causes serious loss in strength over short duration i.e. 40 h. Dyeing of p-aramid fabric enhances the resistance to UV light which reduces the loss in strength.

Originality/value

Most of the work is patented and no one has done the process optimization for the industry, so this study offers promising outcomes concerning the dyeing of p-aramid fabric with enhanced shade depth and good colour fastness characteristics.

Details

Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. 50 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 2006

M. Jaouadi, S. Msahli, A. Babay and B. Zitouni

This paper aims to provide a rapid and accurate method to predict the amount of sewing thread required to make up a garment.

1244

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to provide a rapid and accurate method to predict the amount of sewing thread required to make up a garment.

Design/methodology/approach

Three modeling methodologies are analyzed in this paper: theoretical model, linear regression model and artificial neural network model. The predictive power of each model is evaluated by comparing the estimated thread consumption with the actual values measured after the unstitching of the garment with regression coefficient R2 and the root mean square error.

Findings

Both the regression analysis and neural network can predict the quantity of yarn required to sew a garment. The obtained results reveal that the neural network gives the best accurate prediction.

Research limitations/implications

This study is interesting for industrial application, where samples are taken for different fabrics and garments, thus a large body of data is available.

Practical implications

The paper has practical implications in the clothing and other textile‐making‐up industry. Unused stocks can be reduced and stock rupture avoided.

Originality/value

The results can be used by industry to predict the amount of yarn required to sew a garment, and hence enable a reliable estimation of the garment cost and raw material required.

Details

International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology, vol. 18 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0955-6222

Keywords

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