Walid S. Abdel-Wakil, Tarek M. Salama, Elbadawy A. Kamoun, Farag Abd El Hai Ahmed, Wassem Hassan, Yaser A. El-Badry and Alaa Fahmy
This paper aims to synthesize new terpolymers by the emulsion polymerization technique composed of acrylamide-based polyurethane monomers (TPM and MPM) with different vinyl…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to synthesize new terpolymers by the emulsion polymerization technique composed of acrylamide-based polyurethane monomers (TPM and MPM) with different vinyl acetate copolymer systems, such as vinyl acetate/butyl acrylate (VAc/BA), vinyl acetate/ethylhexyl acrylate (VAc/2-EHA) and vinyl acetate/vinyl ester of versatic acid (VAc/VEOVA 10) systems. The performance of the prepared terpolymers as binders in emulsion coatings and textile industries was investigated and compared with the analogous commercial ones.
Design/methodology/approach
New waterborne polyurethane-vinyl ester-vinyl acetate terpolymers with high solid content and nano-scale emulsions have been successfully synthesized in two steps. The polyurethane oligomers were prepared by the prepolymer method as the first step. The second step involved polymerization with different vinyl monomers. The synthesized terpolymers were characterized using FTIR, scanning electron microscope, thermogravimetric analysis, minimum film forming temperature and particle size analyzer methods.
Findings
The synthesized emulsion terpolymers have shown small particle sizes averaged of 70 nm and a narrow distribution range, along with good mechanical, thermal and chemical stabilities. The surface coating layers of the terpolymers also have some important in terms of smoothness, clarity and binding ability in water-based coating for up to 4425 scrub cycles at 30 GU. Further, a high potential application textile printing was achieved at high solid content of 47–50%.
Originality/value
The effects of different isocyanates and vinyl monomers on the properties of obtained emulsion coatings have been studied. The improvement consequences of the coating evaluation of the waterborne binders for emulsion paints have been described. The properties of polyester/cotton fabric print pigment printing of textiles appear to be most promising enhancements by using the prepared nanocomposites of PU-co-vinyl acetate-co-vinyl ester as waterborne binders. So that the prepared emulsions have the potential to replace solvent-based coatings as waterborne binders for both emulsion coating and textile printing applications.
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Amy Mellow, Anna Tickle and Michael Rennoldson
The purpose of this paper is to conduct a systematic search of the peer-reviewed qualitative literature investigating the lived experience of seclusion for adults with mental…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to conduct a systematic search of the peer-reviewed qualitative literature investigating the lived experience of seclusion for adults with mental health difficulties, to appraise the quality of the existing literature and synthesise findings. Background: seclusion is a controversial intervention for the short-term management of unsafe behaviours in inpatient mental health services. There has been some sporadic interest in service users’ experiences of this.
Design/methodology/approach
Systematic literature review and meta-synthesis: data sources – databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and PSYCINFO were searched in July 2015; review methods – the Joanna Briggs Institute’s Qualitative Assessment and Review Instrument tools for critical appraisal and data extraction were used to review papers and synthesise findings.
Findings
A small number of papers were found, which were of mixed quality.
Originality/value
The existing research is limited in both quantity and quality. Although most participants from the existing research described seclusion as mostly negative with the potential for causing iatrogenic harm, some described more positive experiences, often in the context of compassionate interactions with staff.
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K. Thattakkat, R. Garr and A. El‐Badri
The paper's purpose is to document a clinical study of children with Henoch‐Schonlein Purpura that facilitated decision‐making with regard to investigations, follow up and timely…
Abstract
Purpose
The paper's purpose is to document a clinical study of children with Henoch‐Schonlein Purpura that facilitated decision‐making with regard to investigations, follow up and timely referral to a nephrologist.
Design/methodology/approach
A retrospective analysis of clinical records of 33 children diagnosed with Henoch‐Schonlein purpura who attended the Whiston Hospital Paediatric unit over a 60‐month period between January 2001 and December 2005 was performed.
Findings
In the study 53 per cent (n 17) of the patients were boys. The commonest age group affected was between five to ten years (n 17), with mean age of 7.2 years (range 1 to 17 years). Of the cases , 71 per cent (n 22) presented between July and December. Four patients (13 per cent) had haematuria on dipstick examination at presentation. Eight patients (25 per cent) had neither blood pressure measurement on admission nor a documented plan for urine dipstick or blood pressure measurement on discharge. Daily urine dipstick was performed in 47 per cent (n 15) patients with one patient having checks twice a week. Information to parents was not documented in 72 per cent (n 23) of case notes.
Practical implications
The need to provide better parental education and support in the form of an information leaflet was identified.
Originality/value
This study highlights the importance of follow up of children with HSP with emphasis on regular urine dipstick examination and measurement of blood pressure even if they remain asymptomatic to ensure that they do not develop long‐term renal impairment.
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Productivity in the UK has been improving over the last few years. A couple of small cheers are in order. However, much of the improvement has had little to do with the efforts of…
Abstract
Productivity in the UK has been improving over the last few years. A couple of small cheers are in order. However, much of the improvement has had little to do with the efforts of work study practitioners — it has been due more to the changes in government policy and changes in attitude of senior managers. Organisations have been slimmed down and made leaner and fitter. This applies across all industries and across the public/private sector divide. However, the changes we have seen have been largely one‐off exercises. If improvements are going to continue, we now need the systematic analysis and development of activities to be undertaken. But not in the old way!
Brian D. Bunday and Ruzela B. Tapsir
Discusses the maintenance of n identical stationsuni‐directionally patrolled by a maintenance operative. The time totravel between adjacent stations is a random variable and the…
Abstract
Discusses the maintenance of n identical stations uni‐directionally patrolled by a maintenance operative. The time to travel between adjacent stations is a random variable and the time to repair a broken‐down station is also a random variable. Assumes that the breakdowns at each station occur randomly in running time and that only a proportion of attempted repairs is successful. Shows that all the important characteristics of the system – waiting time, response time, availability – depend on the probability, denoted by α, that a station is found in the failed state. Gives a procedure for computing this probability.
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Gurprit S. Kindra, K.L. McGown, Devinder Gandhi and Georges Benay
The degree of interest in the subject of a survey has no effect on response rates from samples of the general public, and short questionnaires yield substantially higher response…
Abstract
The degree of interest in the subject of a survey has no effect on response rates from samples of the general public, and short questionnaires yield substantially higher response rates than lengthier ones. Two questionnaires of identical length but covering two different topics were used in a survey of 240 people drawn at random from a Montreal telephone directory; the results concluded that an offer of survey results to participants does not affect response rate significantly, but persistence alone represents the crucial factor in securing good returns.
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We recall Sidney Greenstreet's profile of Humphrey Bogart in The Maltese Falcon: ‘Upon my soul sir, you are a character, you really are.’ The same might be said of Gorby, the…
Abstract
We recall Sidney Greenstreet's profile of Humphrey Bogart in The Maltese Falcon: ‘Upon my soul sir, you are a character, you really are.’ The same might be said of Gorby, the leader of the second most powerful country in the world, whose stated philosophy over seventy years has been: profit is a moral evil.
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the views of chief financial officers (CFOs) of Iranian firms listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange about the factors influencing…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the views of chief financial officers (CFOs) of Iranian firms listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange about the factors influencing dividend policy in 2006. The paper aims to update and extend previous research on dividend policy to capture the determinants of the dividend policy of Iranian firms.
Design/methodology/approach
Survey instruments were used to identify the factors that CFOs consider in formulating dividend policy, based on both theoretical and empirical works on dividends, to identify the factors that are most important in dividend policy of firms.
Findings
The findings show that the most important determinants of a firm's dividend policies are the stability of cash flow, the availability of profitable investment opportunities, and stability of profitability. Also, industry type appeared to influence the importance that respondents placed on one determinant of dividend policy.
Research limitations/implications
It is likely that the firms that did not respond on time may show a non‐response bias. Despite lacking normal precautionary steps to increase the response rate, non‐response bias may affect the findings. Another limitation of the survey methodology was that it measures beliefs and not necessarily actions. Therefore, caution should be taken in generalizing the findings.
Practical implications
The findings have implications for CFOs in formulating dividend policy.
Originality/value
The paper updates and extends previous research on dividend policy to capture the determinants of the dividend policy of Iranian firms.
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Kashif Iqbal, Amjed Javid, Abdur Rehman, Aisha Rehman, Munir Ashraf and Hafiz Affan Abid
This study aims to deal with the dyeing of nylon-/cotton-blended fabric in one bath using direct and acid dyes.
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to deal with the dyeing of nylon-/cotton-blended fabric in one bath using direct and acid dyes.
Design/methodology/approach
The cellulose in cotton/nylon-blended fabric was chemically modified using 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl tri-methyl ammonium chloride (CHPTAC) as cationizing agent to impart positive charge on the cellulose. The modified and unmodified blended fabrics were dyed in a single bath with direct and acid dyes under various concentrations of 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 per cent on the weight of fabric by exhaust method. The dyeing of modified and unmodified fabrics was characterized through the properties such as K/S and colorfastness to washing, rubbing and light.
Findings
The modified fabric exhibited higher color yield, comparable rubbing fastness and good washing fastness.
Originality/value
The dye uptake was maximum in a single-bath dyeing process of nylon-/cotton-blended fabrics without electrolyte addition, which minimizes the impact of dyes on environment.
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Kathleen M. Blee and Tim Vining
Professional ethics require researchers to disclose all risks to participants in their studies. Changes in the legal climate in the United States and new modes of surveillance and…
Abstract
Professional ethics require researchers to disclose all risks to participants in their studies. Changes in the legal climate in the United States and new modes of surveillance and communication call into question the effectiveness of measures used by researchers to protect participants from the risks they now face. This paper explores existing and newly enhanced risks to participants in social movement studies and examines problems with confidentiality agreements and informed consent procedures, two avenues that scholars traditionally use to protect research participants. The utility of Certificates of Confidentiality and researcher privilege also are examined as means to safeguard the privacy and security of research participants. The conclusion raises larger issues about the accountability of scholars to their research participants and the nature of risk in today's changing political climate. These include how to weigh potential risks and benefits to social movements and activists who are studied, the consequences for scholarship if scholars avoid studying movements and activists that pose risks, and the need for scholars to collaborate with research participants to tailor ethical research practices and to use institutional resources to challenge threats to the privacy and integrity of the people and groups they study.