The purpose of this study is to analyze short- and long-run market-sensitive drivers of housing affordability. The study highlights an ongoing housing affordability crisis in an…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to analyze short- and long-run market-sensitive drivers of housing affordability. The study highlights an ongoing housing affordability crisis in an emerging market context by also providing an empirical tool to combat the crisis.
Design/methodology/approach
To investigate determinants of uniquely constructed effective housing affordability index and house price to income ratio index, the author uses a bound testing approach to cointegration and error correction models, besides causality tests, variance decompositions and impulse response functions. This study uses Turkish data for the period of 2007 M06 and 2017 M12.
Findings
The evidence suggests that the housing affordability crisis is mainly driven by credit expansion, rent and construction costs. A sensible housing policy response would target these variables. This evidence suggests that housing affordability mostly depends on housing market dynamics rather than policies because of the exogeneous/cyclical natures of the drivers.
Research limitations/implications
Data constraints shape the study. A regional or an aggregate-level panel study cannot be developed because of a lack of data. This limitation inevitably results in the exclusion of relevant socio-economic/political factors and is also the main reason for the lack of comparative analysis in a cross-country setting.
Practical implications
This study argues that dependency on neoliberal housing market practices seems the underlying reason for the lack of efficient policy answers and the ongoing affordability crisis. From a policymaking perspective, the study suggests that necessary policy measures to resolve the housing affordability crisis may give a specific emphasis on housing rent, housing credit volume and construction costs as the major components of the crisis.
Originality/value
This study develops a novel measure and presents a new conceptual framework by combining quantitative research methods and policymaking in housing affordability. In this respect, to the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first work to comparatively investigate the determinants of uniquely developed monthly housing affordability measurements.
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Yener Coskun and Hasan Murat Ertugrul
The purpose of this paper is to empirically analyze volatility properties of the house price returns of Turkey and Istanbul, Ankara and Izmir provinces over the period of July…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to empirically analyze volatility properties of the house price returns of Turkey and Istanbul, Ankara and Izmir provinces over the period of July 2007-June 2014.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper uses conditional variance models, namely, ARCH, GARCH and E-GARCH. As the supportive approach for the discussions, we also use correlation analysis and qualitative inputs.
Findings
Empirical findings suggest several points. First, city/country-level house price return volatility series display volatility clustering pattern and therefore volatilities in house price returns are time varying. Second, it seems that there were high (excess) and stable volatility periods during observation term. Third, a significant economic event may change country/city-level volatilities. In this context, the biggest and relatively persistent shock was the lagged negative shocks of global financial crisis. More importantly, short-lived political/economic shocks have not significant impacts on house price return volatilities in Turkey, Istanbul, Ankara and Izmir. Fourth, however, house price return volatilities differ across geographic areas, volatility series may show some co-movement pattern. Fifth, volatility comparison across cities reveal that Izmir shows more excess volatility cases, Ankara recorded the highest volatility point and Istanbul and national series show lower and insignificant volatilities.
Research limitations/implications
The study uses maximum available data and focuses on some house price return volatility patterns. The first implication of the findings is that micro/macro dimensions of house price return volatilities should be carefully analyzed to forecast upside/downside risks of house price returns. Second, defined volatility clustering pattern implies that rate of return of housing investment may show specific patterns in some periods and volatile periods may result in some large losses in the returns. Third, model results generally suggest that however data constraint is a major problem, market participants should analyze regional idiosyncrasies during their decision-making in housing portfolio management. Fourth, because house prices are not sensitive to relatively less structural shocks, housing may represent long-term investment instrument if it provides satisfactory hedging from inflation.
Originality/value
The evidences and implications would be useful for housing market participants aiming to manage/use externalities of housing price movements. From a practical contribution perspective, the study provides a tool that will allow measuring first time of the return volatility patterns of house prices in Turkey and her three biggest provinces. Local level analysis for Istanbul, Ankara and Izmir provinces, as the globally fastest growing cities, would be found specifically interesting by international researchers and practitioner.
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East European marketing progress has followed a series of economic reforms in different countries of the region. Changing marketing systems in these countries can be depicted as a…
Abstract
East European marketing progress has followed a series of economic reforms in different countries of the region. Changing marketing systems in these countries can be depicted as a move away from an authoritative to an integrative macro system. Most of the countries are at different points on this particular spectrum. Marketing reforms are more specifically related to both economic and managerial decentralisation. Most marketing decisions are beginning to be made at the enterprise level rather than at the central governmental level. U.S. and other Western practitioners must understand these changes so that they can expand their business with this potentially large market.
Explores, within the framework of international research, product, distribution and price. Investigates the behaviour of large US firms with a view to identifying and difference…
Abstract
Explores, within the framework of international research, product, distribution and price. Investigates the behaviour of large US firms with a view to identifying and difference in growth rates to their counterparts. Examines the relationship between fast growth of the corporate entity as a whole and its international marketing orientation.
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Qianni (Jacqueline) Zhu and Pei Liu
This research examines the elements that influence consumer behavior regarding food waste reduction in buffet style restaurants. It specifically analyzes the factors that affect…
Abstract
Purpose
This research examines the elements that influence consumer behavior regarding food waste reduction in buffet style restaurants. It specifically analyzes the factors that affect consumers' efforts to reduce food waste in these establishments by incorporating the theory of planned behavior (TPB), the norm activation model (NAM), and the social exchange theory (SET). Additionally, this study provides practical coping strategies for the restaurant industry.
Design/methodology/approach
Drawing upon an integrated framework, the study collected 547 valid responses through an online survey on Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (MTurk) for structural equation analysis. Participants who are 18 years or older and have prior experience dining in buffet style restaurants were eligible to participate in the study.
Findings
The findings underscore the profound impact of consumer awareness on their attitudes (ATT) toward minimizing food waste. Moreover, subjective norms (SN), perceived behavioral control (PBC), personal norms (PN) and establishment policies emerge as critical drivers of consumer behavior in buffet style dining settings. In light of these results, recommended strategies include enhancing consumer awareness initiatives and introducing house policies within restaurant operations.
Originality/value
This study employs an integrated framework that combines the NAM and TPB, taking into account the impact of house policies grounded in the SET. It provides a beneficial insight on reducing food waste in the buffet style foodservice operations from an interactive dynamic perspective between restaurants and consumers. Furthermore, this research offers valuable implications to the industry’s efforts to address food waste concerns and foster environmentally responsible behavior among consumers.
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Kenan Çetin and Ayşegül Daloğlu
This study investigates the implementation of the Practicum Lesson Study (PLS) model, which is designed to be used by preservice teachers (PSTs), mentor teachers and advisors…
Abstract
Purpose
This study investigates the implementation of the Practicum Lesson Study (PLS) model, which is designed to be used by preservice teachers (PSTs), mentor teachers and advisors during school practicum.
Design/methodology/approach
Employing a design-based research (DBR) framework and a multiple case study design, the research in this study evaluated the PLS model through eight distinct cases across two phases of research. In both phases, the qualitative research explored the nature of the stages and steps followed in each case, providing detailed descriptions of the procedural arrangements, teaching sessions and discussion meetings. Views of the participants regarding their satisfaction levels towards the PLS model, its benefits and challenges were collected through semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire.
Findings
The results of the research highlighted significant benefits of the PLS model, such as self-reflection, peer reflection and collaborative practices. These processes notably enhanced PSTs’ abilities to dynamically adjust teaching strategies based on real-time observations and feedback, effectively integrating suggestions from meetings with practical classroom experiences. However, the study also identified several challenges, such as managing diverse opinions and coping with information overload.
Research limitations/implications
Based on the comprehensive exploration of the PLS model, the study offers several implications for practitioners and suggestions for future research such as a closer examination of changes in beliefs and identity over time during PLS.
Originality/value
The study carries the significance of employing a DBR in the context of implementing LS during ELT school practicum.
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The present study aims to examine the attitudes of future Saudi female English as a Foreign Language (EFL) student-teachers toward English native-like pronunciation to investigate…
Abstract
Purpose
The present study aims to examine the attitudes of future Saudi female English as a Foreign Language (EFL) student-teachers toward English native-like pronunciation to investigate their misconceptions about English as a Lingua Franca (ELF).
Design/methodology/approach
The researcher used a questionnaire to collect the data for the study.
Findings
The results indicate that students and teachers have positive attitudes toward native-like pronunciation. However, the results also show a realization on the participants’ part about the status of ELF. The study concludes that although they have positive attitudes toward native-like English pronunciation, students use ELF and recognize that such pronunciation is not essential for global communication. The study results show that the participants are aware of ELF, filling a vacuum in the literature about how Saudi students perceive ELF. It encourages EFL teachers, syllabus designers, developers and researchers to provide more information on this topic and stresses international communicative ability, as ELF speakers require.
Research limitations/implications
As the study has some limitations that could be addressed in future research, other researchers should address these deficiencies in future studies. One limitation is that the study only involved Saudi female future teachers. Further researchers can investigate male Saudi future EFL teachers. Another limitation is that the study focused on future teachers of English in Saudi Arabia in only one institution. Other Saudi EFL teachers and other Arab future teachers could be further investigated to reject or support the study’s findings. Additionally, a more detailed demographic background could be specified in further research for more comprehensive results. In addition, similar studies could be conducted with participants from different EFL-speaking countries. Another limitation of this study is that it covers the attitudes of EFL future teachers toward native-like pronunciation and indirectly investigates their views on ELF. More research is needed to determine how EFL learners and teachers perceive ELF. The actual use of English globally could become more enlightened with further study.
Practical implications
This study’s findings have implications for instructors, syllabus designers and researchers. The results suggest that EFL instructors, syllabus designers and researchers should focus more on international communicative competence than native-like competence. While designing course materials or teaching, teachers and syllabus developers should be fully aware of the status of ELF. Designers of syllabi should include conversations among speakers from different linguistic backgrounds. Effective communication is a priority. Students should become more familiar with global communication outside the classroom and be prepared to engage in it.
Social implications
Students should become more familiar with global communication outside the classroom and be prepared to engage in it.
Originality/value
Native varieties of English have gained popularity over the years among EFL teachers and learners. However, researchers have debated the importance of EFL students achieving native-like English proficiency.
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This article proposes a conceptual framework and a research methodology for transferring marketing technology to developing countries to address important societal problems. The…
Abstract
This article proposes a conceptual framework and a research methodology for transferring marketing technology to developing countries to address important societal problems. The methodology developed by the author is described and illustrated with an empirical investigation. Guidelines for implementation of this methodology in developing countries are also provided.
This paper aims to analyze and compare housing tenure and model housing price index (HPI) in Saudi Arabia with selected Organization for Economic Cooperation Development (OECD…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to analyze and compare housing tenure and model housing price index (HPI) in Saudi Arabia with selected Organization for Economic Cooperation Development (OECD) countries.
Design/methodology/approach
The research uses quantitative data from the Saudi 2022 Statistical Census and OECD sources. Analytical methods include polynomial regression modeling for housing price trends and analysis of variance (ANOVA) to explore the relationship between housing variables, alongside descriptive and inferential statistics.
Findings
The polynomial regression analysis reveals distinct HPI trends across the studied countries, indicating stability and growth. Countries like Australia, France and the US are projected to see substantial HPI increases by 2026, reaching values around 175, signaling strong market recovery and growth. Greece’s trajectory is marked by fluctuations, recovering modestly post-2020, while Saudi Arabia’s market shows stability with a slight increase forecasted to 92.8 by 2026. The ANOVA analysis for Saudi Arabia highlights significant regional differences in housing tenure, with economic conditions and housing types significantly impacting tenure patterns.
Originality/value
This study fills a void in research by offering a comparative analysis of housing tenure and HPI, shedding light on how economic and demographic factors influence housing trends. The findings are crucial for policymakers to develop targeted strategies that address affordability and stability, catering to diverse demographic needs.
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Gary L. Clark, Peter F. Kaminski and David R. Rink
Reports on a study to investigate the impact of customersatisfaction of different types of company responses to letters ofcomplaint. Considers the effects on consumers of various…
Abstract
Reports on a study to investigate the impact of customer satisfaction of different types of company responses to letters of complaint. Considers the effects on consumers of various defensive marketing strategies: letter and free good, letter only, and no response. Surmises that the results support the notion that appropriate defensive marketing strategies can improve the company′s image among customers who write complaint letters.