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Article
Publication date: 1 March 2000

P. Alotto, A. Castagnini, P. Girdinio and M. Nervi

An adaptive FEM for 3D magnetostatic problems involving non‐linear materials and permanent magnets is presented. The problems are formulated in terms of scalar potentials and…

215

Abstract

An adaptive FEM for 3D magnetostatic problems involving non‐linear materials and permanent magnets is presented. The problems are formulated in terms of scalar potentials and discretized on a tetrahedral mesh using linear shape functions. Local error is estimated by approximately solving an independent differential problem in each tetrahedral element.

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COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 19 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 24 February 2015

Shubham Mehta

Acute and transient psychotic disorders (ATPD), introduced in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) diagnostic system in 1992, are not receiving much attention in…

264

Abstract

Acute and transient psychotic disorders (ATPD), introduced in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) diagnostic system in 1992, are not receiving much attention in developing countries. Therefore, the main objective of this article is to review the literature related to the diagnostic stability of ATPD in developing countries. A PubMed search was conducted to review the studies concerned with this issue in the context of developing countries, as diagnostic stability is more of a direct test of validity of psychiatric diagnoses. Four publications were found. According to the literature search, the stability percentage of the ICD-10 ATPD diagnosis is 63-100%. The diagnostic shift is more commonly either towards bipolar disorder or schizophrenia, if any. Shorter duration of illness (<1 month) and abrupt onset (<48 hours) predict a stable diagnosis of ATPD. Based on available evidence, the diagnosis of ATPD appears to be relatively stable in developing countries. However, it is difficult to make a definitive conclusion, as there is a substantial lack of literature in developing country settings.

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Mental Illness, vol. 7 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2036-7465

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Book part
Publication date: 26 August 2010

Martina Menon and Federico Perali

The chapter estimates the cost of maintaining a child, at different ages, the cost of being single, and the cost of additional adults present in a family, with the aim of making…

Abstract

The chapter estimates the cost of maintaining a child, at different ages, the cost of being single, and the cost of additional adults present in a family, with the aim of making comparable the income levels of different households. The study investigates the issue of econometric identification of equivalence scales within a demand system modified to include demographic characteristics consistently with economic theory. It shows that a robust estimation of equivalence scales must take into formal consideration the problem of econometric identification. The estimate also puts forward all-encompassing demographic specifications to identify costs due to differences in needs, household lifestyles, and economies of scale.

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Studies in Applied Welfare Analysis: Papers from the Third ECINEQ Meeting
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-0-85724-146-7

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Article
Publication date: 29 May 2019

Muhammad Sajid Khattak and Usman Mustafa

The complexity of projects has become a serious issue and obstacle in their successful completion. In order to overcome these complexities, it has become imperative to identify…

1533

Abstract

Purpose

The complexity of projects has become a serious issue and obstacle in their successful completion. In order to overcome these complexities, it has become imperative to identify the relevant management competencies of project managers. The purpose of this paper is to address the problem of cost, time and scope in engineering infrastructure projects due to their complexities through management competencies.

Design/methodology/approach

In the first phase of the study, 32 experts were interviewed through semi-structured pre-tested questionnaire. In this phase, essential elements of complexities were identified initially. This was followed by finding required dimensions of competencies to counter these complexities and to acquire improved performance. In the final stage, required levels of competencies for specific elements of complexity were identified. In the second phase, 85 “project managers” were also approached to get feedback about their recently completed public sector engineering infrastructure projects in Pakistan.

Findings

The study identified additional dimensions, i.e. honesty, enthusiasm and dedication, in the case of competencies and adverse law and order situation, political instability, land issues, energy crisis and weak authorization of project managers in the case of complexities. Leadership, management skill, communication skill, effectiveness and result orientation were identified as top quality traits required. The study concluded that there is a significant impact of management competencies and complexities on project performance.

Originality/value

The study contributes to a better understanding of how to improve performance in complex engineering infrastructure projects through adopting management competencies. It also empirically illustrates the relations among project management competencies, complexities and project performance. Although the research is grounded on public sector infrastructure projects, its findings may also be helpful for practices in project management of other sectors.

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Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, vol. 26 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0969-9988

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Article
Publication date: 1 October 2024

Cristian Castillo, Marta Viu-Roig, Eduard J. Alvarez-Palau and Debora Gottardello

This research comprehensively analyses the profound impact of Digital Transformation and Process Innovation (DT&PI) on business models (BMs) in the Food Service Sector (FSS)…

103

Abstract

Purpose

This research comprehensively analyses the profound impact of Digital Transformation and Process Innovation (DT&PI) on business models (BMs) in the Food Service Sector (FSS), especially in the post-pandemic context. The study is guided by three primary research questions: (1) Identifying key FSS players and their interconnections, (2) Understanding the differentiation strategies these entities employ and (3) Assessing how COVID-19 has altered their BMs.

Design/methodology/approach

The study utilises a rigorous methodology, starting with a thorough analysis of the Business Model Canvas (BMC) for 100 prominent Spanish FSS firms, culminating in a comprehensive sector-wide BMC. Cluster analysis is then applied to group firms based on common attributes and relationships identified in the overall BMC. Additional insights are gathered through semi-structured interviews with representatives from FSS companies.

Findings

The study identifies five distinct clusters of FSS companies, each defined by unique BM strategies. These strategies mainly focus on sales and distribution channels, differentiating between those using multiple channels and those solely relying on digital platforms. Importantly, the study shows that digital transformation in the FSS was already in progress before the pandemic but was greatly expedited by it. COVID-19 stimulated the digitalisation of services, expanding sales channels and diversifying customer engagement.

Originality/value

This research enriches the dynamic capabilities theory by examining how DT&PI influence BM innovation in the FSS, highlighting adaptation to technological trends. It offers a fresh perspective on value creation and stakeholder interaction, contributing to the foundational theory for future FSS BM research.

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British Food Journal, vol. 126 no. 12
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0007-070X

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 12 September 2024

Rashmi Ranjan Panigrahi, Neha Singh and Kamalakanta Muduli

This paper aims to deepen the understanding of robust food supply chains (FSC) in SMEs by exploring and analyzing the literature through the lenses of digital technologies.

1134

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to deepen the understanding of robust food supply chains (FSC) in SMEs by exploring and analyzing the literature through the lenses of digital technologies.

Design/methodology/approach

The study collected data from Scopus spanning from 2010 to 2024, employing selected keywords, and processed it using VOS-viewer and Biblioshiny to derive valid inferences and theoretical arguments.

Findings

The review paper identified several key themes shaping the future of supply chain management – Sustainability in SCM, Industry 4.0, Digitalization with FSCM, Circular Economy, Food Waste with Supply Chain, Food Security and Climate Change. These themes collectively bring transformative opportunities for both the adoption of digital technologies and sustainable practices in food supply chains.

Research limitations/implications

The review found limitations are rooted in financial constraints, institutional barriers and expertise-related challenges encountered within the realm of Digitalization and FSC. Government and corporate houses should focus on these limitations as well as convert them to strengthen the SMEs of FSC.

Originality/value

The study stands out as a pioneering review that not only explores Digitalization in FSC but also explores the link and evidence of SMEs in the unorganized sector, providing unique insights into a previously underexplored area.

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International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2690-6090

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 28 May 2024

Rajesh Kumar, Ashutosh Samadhiya, Anil Kumar, Sunil Luthra, Krishan Kumar Pandey and Asmae El jaouhari

The paper aims to enhance the understanding of robust food supply chains (FSC) by exploring the capabilities of various digital technologies and examining their interactions.

624

Abstract

Purpose

The paper aims to enhance the understanding of robust food supply chains (FSC) by exploring the capabilities of various digital technologies and examining their interactions.

Findings

This study finding shows that digital technology enhances the resilience of the FSC by improving visibility, traceability and adaptability. This resilience provides a competitive advantage, ultimately enhancing the overall business performance.

Research limitations/implications

In developing countries, inadequate infrastructure, poor Internet connectivity and diverse stakeholder systems pose challenges to implementing advanced digital solutions in the FSC.

Originality/value

This paper is among the first to investigate the impact of digital technology on FSC resilience, exploring visibility, flexibility and collaboration.

Details

International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2690-6090

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Article
Publication date: 7 March 2023

Amita Majumder and Chayanika Mitra

Many aspects of well-being depend critically on individual-level expenditure and consumption. The Millennium Development Goals include the promotion of gender equality and the…

117

Abstract

Purpose

Many aspects of well-being depend critically on individual-level expenditure and consumption. The Millennium Development Goals include the promotion of gender equality and the empowerment of women, which partly have to do with women’s access to resources within households. Many important questions in labour, public and development economics also hinge on the intra-household distribution of resources. This paper aims to estimate the resource shares within a household in the rural and urban sectors of West Bengal through a collective household model, where each household member has a specific utility function. The sharing rule parameters, that determine the apportionment of resources between members within a household, are estimated in an intra-household collective framework. The analysis is based on a system of log-quadratic Engel curves estimated using the 68th round (2011–2012) household-level consumption expenditure data of the Indian National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) for rural and urban sectors separately for the state of West Bengal.

Design/methodology/approach

The sharing rule parameters (that determine the apportionment of resources between members) within a household are estimated in an intra-household collective framework as suggested by Dunbar et al. (2013). The analysis is based on a Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS) estimated using the 68th round (2011–2012) household-level consumption expenditure data of the Indian NSSO.

Findings

In this paper, the authors estimate the sharing rule of total household expenditure between couples in a household in the state of West Bengal. They use a modified version of the QUAIDS and the 68th round (2011–2012) household-level consumer expenditure data provided by the NSSO. From the exercise, it emerges that on an average, the resource shares between husband and wife in a household is about 66:34% in the rural sector and about 60:40% in the urban sector. Based on a classification of households by the distribution of resource shares, where higher resource share for the husband is classified as “Husband dominated” and the reverse as “Wife dominated”, the percentage of “Husband dominated” households is much more in both sectors. This unequal distribution of resources may have far-reaching consequences on allocation of expenditure on the children of the household. The authors leave this exercise as a future project.

Originality/value

This paper is an attempt to estimate the sharing rule for households using NSSO consumption expenditure data. This paper also highlights the intra household unequal resource allocation through the sharing rule. They use a modified version of the QUAIDS and the 68th round (2011–2012) household-level consumer expenditure data provided by the NSSO. From the exercise, it emerges that on an average, the resource shares between husband and wife in a household is about 66:34% in the rural sector and about 60:40% in the urban sector. Based on a classification of households by the distribution of resource shares, where higher resource share for the husband is classified as “Husband dominated” and the reverse as “Wife dominated”, the percentage of “Husband dominated” households is much more in both sectors. This unequal distribution of resources may have far-reaching consequences on allocation of expenditure on the children of the household. The authors leave this exercise as a future project.

Details

Indian Growth and Development Review, vol. 16 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1753-8254

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 1 May 2020

Edward Asiedu

Understanding the drivers of corruption involvement is critical for the design of interventions aimed at reducing the incidence of corruption and easing the process of obtaining…

165

Abstract

Purpose

Understanding the drivers of corruption involvement is critical for the design of interventions aimed at reducing the incidence of corruption and easing the process of obtaining services. In many developing countries particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, traditional cultures dictate that women are responsible for performing physically demanding household chores such as fetching water, collecting and carrying firewood over long distances. This paper aims to examine the implications of these social norms on bribe involvements in sub-Saharan Africa.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses micro-level data on bribe involvement across 20 sub-Saharan African countries. It also applies multiple estimation approaches to correct for differences in exposure to government officials, which then allows for estimating the gender differences in bribe involvement. Probit, Heckman selectivity and Lee bound estimation approaches are adopted for the purpose.

Findings

The author find that social norms impact bribe involvement of men and women in sub-Saharan Africa. Specifically, the author find lower involvement of men in bribery in sub-Saharan when household services, are at stake compared to other services. In effect the gender differences in bribe involvement, even though robust for other services that are not household related, disappears when household services are at stake. The author shed light on how social and cultural norms could impact bribery outcomes.

Originality/value

Findings from this study shows that inefficiencies in public utility delivery in sub-Sahran Africa can create antisocial behavior and that interventions geared toward improvement access to utility can reduced inequality in access to services.

Details

International Journal of Development Issues, vol. 19 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1446-8956

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 29 January 2024

Mauro Cavallone, Andrea Pozzi, Philipp Wassler and Rocco Palumbo

The purpose of the paper is to analyze the supply and demand of marketing and communication consulting services and evaluate actual and perceived gaps.

1615

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of the paper is to analyze the supply and demand of marketing and communication consulting services and evaluate actual and perceived gaps.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper uses two different datasets to assess the gap. The supply database comes from desk research carried out in the province of Bergamo (n. 159 consulting agencies). The demand dates are the results of 100 structured interviews with local companies that requested marketing and communication consulting services both inside and outside the province.

Findings

Findings show that there is no significant shortage in local service supply. Nonetheless, a limited gap exists between the provision of specific services and their overall quality. Conversely, the perceived gap is wider, leading to an impression of scarce availability – a notion disproven by the analysis of the actual supply.

Practical implications

The study suggests that local agencies may overcome their “myopic” attitude and need to increase their visibility, competencies and expertise by investing in these areas and improving networking.

Originality/value

There are no previous studies that compare the supply and demand for marketing and communication consulting services. The paper also provides insights into actual and perceived gaps in a hypercompetitive environment.

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