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Article
Publication date: 1 October 2004

J.A.M. Fotsing and G. Ndadja

Impermeability tests had been carried out to compare the moisture resistance of two wood finish paints available on the Cameroonian market. Two types of paints had been used…

417

Abstract

Impermeability tests had been carried out to compare the moisture resistance of two wood finish paints available on the Cameroonian market. Two types of paints had been used namely, an oil‐based paint and an emulsion paint, both manufactured in Cameroon by SMALTO Company. It appeared that the oil‐based paint gave better protection to wood in wet environments, areas with strong pluviometry (where the quantity of humidity in the air is very high). The emulsion paint was found to be suitable for use for interior decorative purpose. It was suggested that a glycerophthalic lacquer could be used for wood finishing in areas subjected to the emissions of water vapour or requiring frequent washing (bathroom, kitchen, WC, etc.). In addition, the number of coating layers should be increased to enhance the moisture resistance of such paint films.

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Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. 33 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

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Publication date: 1 June 1940

N.A. de Bruyne

CELLULOSE is Nature's strong material. It is the chief constituent of cotton flax and wood. Wood can be turned into sugars by treatment with hydrochloric acid Bergius process) and…

43

Abstract

CELLULOSE is Nature's strong material. It is the chief constituent of cotton flax and wood. Wood can be turned into sugars by treatment with hydrochloric acid Bergius process) and by certain termites; horses and cows break down the cellulose in grass into sugar before digesting it. So it is not surprising that the cellulose polymer is built up of what are practically molecules of a glucose (“Barley Sugar”). Each β glucose unit is twisted about its axis through 180 deg.; the combination of two such units makes up that is called a cellulose unit which has the structure shown in Fig. 2. The cellulose polymer is a long, straight chain made up from these cellobiose units, and each chain probably contains about 70 such units.

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Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 12 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

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Publication date: 24 February 2021

Mikhail A. Elesin, Nikolay A. Mashkin, Boris V. Krutasov and Natalia V. Karmanovskaya

The purpose of the study is to show an improvement in resistance (permeability) and durability (residual strength) of modified wood compared to natural wood.

81

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of the study is to show an improvement in resistance (permeability) and durability (residual strength) of modified wood compared to natural wood.

Design/methodology/approach

A relevance way to increase the durability and resistance of wood is processing with polymers. Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (Sibstrin) and the Norilsk State Industrial Institute researched the resistance of elements of mine treatment plants made of wood modified with synthetic polymers. The study was carried out according to V.A. Kucherenko. Modification of such species as birch and pine can significantly increase wood resources by extending its service life and improving its physical and mechanical properties. Latex-organosilicon modifier was used as a modifier.

Findings

Latex clogs the capillaries of wood, preventing the penetration of aggressive solutions into it, and potassium methyl silicate interacts with hydrophilic OH groups, increasing the water-repellent properties of the surface of cells and wood capillaries.

Originality/value

The results of long-term and predictive tests of modified wood in aggressive environments of treatment facilities are presented. As a result, diffusion of aggressive media into the wood becomes more difficult and its resistance and durability increase.

Details

Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures, vol. 17 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1573-6105

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Article
Publication date: 7 November 2008

H.T. Sahin

The objective of this study is to evaluate the water repellent efficiency of some oil modified solvent‐type alkyd resins, as wood protective formulations (WPs). It was done by…

270

Abstract

Purpose

The objective of this study is to evaluate the water repellent efficiency of some oil modified solvent‐type alkyd resins, as wood protective formulations (WPs). It was done by surface treating of pine and cedar woods with the five leading brand of alkyd resins that are available in Turkey.

Design/methodology/approach

For effective water repellency, various formulations were made by incorporating different concentrations of varnish resin, pigment, solvent, and a substance that repels water. The impact and adhesive strengths of the five different solvent‐type alkyd resins were characterised by using a very simple experimental design.

Findings

The swelling variations of unmodified pine and cedar woods were determined in water. Next, the water repellent efficiency of the five different alkyd resin formulations was evaluated. The modification of pine and cedar woods using alkyd resins showed various level enhancement of resistance against water over the unmodified samples. The modification caused a chemical linkage between surface and resin that led to ensuring the intrinsically chemical bonds across the wood/resin matrix interface, which was the main cause to the improved water resistance. However, some WPs were less compatible, hence, had less bonding potential to both woods.

Practical implications

The method developed provided a simple and practical solution to selecting WPs (brands) for pine and cedar woods.

Originality/value

The method for evaluating adhesive strengths of the five different brand solvent‐type alkyd resins to pine and cedar woods were novel and could find numerous applications in surface coating.

Details

Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. 37 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

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Article
Publication date: 19 December 2024

Tong Zhang, Zhiwei Guo, Xuefei Li and Zumin Wu

This study aims to investigate the potential of wood as a water-lubricated bearing material, determine the factors influencing the water-lubricated properties of wood and identify…

17

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the potential of wood as a water-lubricated bearing material, determine the factors influencing the water-lubricated properties of wood and identify suitable alternatives to Lignum vitae.

Design/methodology/approach

Three resource-abundant wood species, Platycladus orientalis, Cunninghamia lanceolata and Betula platyphylla, were selected, and their properties were compared with those of Lignum vitae. The influencing mechanism of the tribological properties of different woods under water lubrication was thoroughly analyzed, in conjunction with the characterization and testing of mechanical properties, micromorphology and chemical composition.

Findings

The findings reveal that the mechanical properties and inclusions of wood are the primary factors affecting its tribological properties, which are significantly influenced by the micromorphology and chemical composition. The friction experiment results demonstrate that Lignum vitae exhibits the best tribological properties among the four wood species. The tribological properties of Platycladus orientalis are comparable to those of Lignum vitae, being only 17.1% higher. However, it is noted that higher mechanical properties can exacerbate the wear of the grinding pair.

Originality/value

The originality of this study lies in the combination of friction experiments and wood performance tests to identify the factors contributing to the superior water lubrication performance of wood, thereby guiding the application and improvement of different wood types in water-lubricated bearings.

Peer review

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-07-2024-0284/

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 77 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

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Article
Publication date: 13 January 2012

Krushna Mahapatra, Leif Gustavsson and Kerstin Hemström

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the influence of regulations, perceptions, and promotions on the emergence of an innovation system for wood‐framed multi‐storey buildings…

3362

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the influence of regulations, perceptions, and promotions on the emergence of an innovation system for wood‐framed multi‐storey buildings in Germany, Sweden and the United Kingdom (UK).

Design/methodology/approach

This descriptive paper made a qualitative analysis of information collected mainly from secondary sources such as reports, newspapers, journal publications, conference proceedings and general internet search.

Findings

Results showed that the conditions for market growth of multi‐storey construction seemed to be the most favourable in Sweden followed by the UK and Germany. The regulations are stringent in Germany, followed by the UK and Sweden. In all countries, the construction professionals seemed to have negative perceptions regarding engineering properties of wood. Similar negative perceptions exist among the general public in Germany and the UK, but not in Sweden. The wood construction promotional activities in Germany and the UK are directed to all types of houses, while in Sweden multi‐storey buildings are targeted.

Research limitations/implications

An important implication of this paper was that it highlighted the usefulness of cross‐country surveys at the European level, in order to better understand observed differences in the adoption of innovative systems. However, there might be shortcomings in the comparability of the information across the countries analysed because it was difficult to make an objective assessment of the claims made in some of the information sources. Also, there was varying and limited information about the survey methodologies used in some of the reviewed studies.

Practical implications

The study showed that market intervention is needed to promote radical or really new innovations such as wood construction. The variations in the promotional measures undertaken partly explained the variations in growth of wood construction system in the three countries.

Originality/value

The paper applied a theoretical framework on technology transition to analyse emergence of wood construction system in Germany, Sweden and the UK. The framework can be applied to analyse the development of wood construction system in other countries also.

Details

Construction Innovation, vol. 12 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1471-4175

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Article
Publication date: 3 October 2016

John A. Moses

The purpose of this paper is to highlight the views of Professor George Arnold Wood, a leading Australian scholar at the University of Sydney, concerning the involvement of the…

142

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to highlight the views of Professor George Arnold Wood, a leading Australian scholar at the University of Sydney, concerning the involvement of the British Empire in the Great War of 1914-1918.

Design/methodology/approach

The author has examined all of Professor Wood’s extant commentaries on the Great War which are held in the archives of the University of Sydney as well as the biographical material on Professor Wood by leading Australian scholars. The methodology and approach is purely empirical.

Findings

The sources consulted revealed Professor Wood’s deeply held conviction about the importance of Christian values in the formation of political will and his belief that the vocation of politics is a most serious one demanding from statesmen the utmost integrity in striving to ensure justice and freedom, respect for the rights of others and the duty of the strong to protect the weak against unprincipled and ruthless states.

Originality/value

The paper highlights Professor Wood’s values as derived from the core statements of Jesus of Nazareth such as in the Sermon on the Mount. And as these contrasted greatly with the Machiavellian practice of the imperial German Chancellors from Bismarck onwards, and of the Kaiser Wilhelm II. It was necessary for the British Empire to oppose German war aims with all the force at its disposal. The paper illustrates the ideological basis from which Wood derived his values.

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History of Education Review, vol. 45 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0819-8691

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 1995

Bob Duckett

The library services we provide today are built on the skill,energy and vision of earlier generations of librarians; yet most ofthese pioneers remain unknown. Examines the career…

300

Abstract

The library services we provide today are built on the skill, energy and vision of earlier generations of librarians; yet most of these pioneers remain unknown. Examines the career of Butler Wood, librarian at Bradford for 50 years, 41 of them as chief librarian. In addition to the successful development of a major municipal library, he developed art gallery and museum services; was a founder member and contributor to many literary, historical and cultural organizations; he influenced the development of reference and rural libraries; and he contributed to the growth of the library profession itself. An appreciation of this visionary scholar/ administrator can provide inspiration today.

Details

Library Review, vol. 44 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0024-2535

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Article
Publication date: 29 July 2022

Pooneh Kardar and Reza Amini

The purpose of this work was to study the effect of different wood surface preparations on the wetting and adhesion of coating.

91

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this work was to study the effect of different wood surface preparations on the wetting and adhesion of coating.

Design/methodology/approach

In this research, six different chemical preparations to evaluate the photostability and properties of wood coating. Also, the effect of the same wood treatments on the properties of the coating, i.e. wetting, adhesion and the permeability of two types of coatings, was investigated.

Findings

As a result, benzoyl chloride and chromic acid were found to be the most effective photostabilizing preparations. Solvent-based polyurethane was more compatible with the prepared wood surfaces compared with water-based alkyd coatings.

Research limitations/implications

Chemical modifications of wood surfaces affected the wetting of various coatings.

Practical implications

Various surface properties could be changed using preparation that affects important coating properties.

Social implications

Unfortunately, the properties of transparent wood coatings used outdoors disappear through the early years of use, essentially due to the wood substrate’s photodegradation.

Originality/value

Wood is a widespread substrate because of its comfortable handling, availability, proper cost of preparation and its good mechanical strength because of its density. Architects and designers tend to use wood in the construction of green buildings. However, this material is disposed to weathering while using outdoors and it should be solved.

Details

Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. 53 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

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Article
Publication date: 1 October 2004

Stig Lande, Mats Westin and Marc H. Schneider

This paper aims to show the potential decay resistance of furfurylated wood and investigate possible eco‐toxicity of such materials produced. This paper deals with the…

1380

Abstract

This paper aims to show the potential decay resistance of furfurylated wood and investigate possible eco‐toxicity of such materials produced. This paper deals with the environmental aspects and durability of furfurylated wood, both laboratory and field tests are included in the investigations. Results from several decay tests, emission analysis studies and ecotox tests are presented. The results show that furfurylated wood is highly decay resistant. Furthermore, no significant increase in eco‐toxicity of leaching water was found and degradation through combustion does not release any volatile organic compounds or poly‐aromatic hydrocarbons above normal levels for wood combustion. Durability enhancement by furfurylation of wood is not believed to be harmful to the environment. Wood modified with furfuryl alcohol, “furfurylated wood”, is currently being marketed as a non‐toxic alternative to traditional preservative treated wood (wood impregnated with biocides). This paper summarises much of the long term exposure of furfurylated wood ever caried out, and present the first eco‐tox tests on such material ever done.

Details

Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, vol. 15 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1477-7835

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