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Article
Publication date: 1 March 1975

HANS W. GOTTINGER

Complexity is worth studying as a subject for its own sake. We intend to investigate complexity in the context of a fairly broad class of dynamical systems (known as sequential…

84

Abstract

Complexity is worth studying as a subject for its own sake. We intend to investigate complexity in the context of a fairly broad class of dynamical systems (known as sequential machines). A sequential machine is a perfectly good model of an organization (or organism) which strives for survival, acting under resource and time constraints. For a given complexity level of the system design we could find the level of contact indicating—roughly—the level of understanding of the system transformation. We call this the control complexity. The “information technology” is generated by the lattice of partitions of the state space of the system realized by a serial‐parallel decomposition into component systems.

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Kybernetes, vol. 4 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0368-492X

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 2017

Milena Grbić and Ana Nikezić

Solving settlement and likewise housing problems of socially vulnerable Romani in Belgrade and Serbia still has not found the right design approach. In contemporary plural…

12

Abstract

Solving settlement and likewise housing problems of socially vulnerable Romani in Belgrade and Serbia still has not found the right design approach. In contemporary plural society, it is a process of interaction of theoretical and practical tryouts set beyond the disciplinary limits. Insufficient awareness on Romani lifestyle elaborated in Romanypen, i.e. the Romani cultural system causes a lack of methods, techniques and tools to choose from and develop for this untangled complex problem. The intent of this article is to show that a collective lifestyle represents the essence needed for developing adequate design decisions of Romani settlements, thus fulfilling the potential for improving adequate housing solutions.

The study starts on the assumption that in Romani settlements there is a strongly rooted relation between spatial and social level that enables an understanding of what this cultural group produces as its own place. The urban pattern of Romani settlements do not have an institutionally imposed organization; they are formed by the Romani themselves, by reflex rooted in needs of everyday life activities and consequently organized and built through inherited knowledge and skills. The subject of this study is aimed at recognizing and thus establishing spatial expressions of the Romani collective lifestyle in three types of Belgrade Romani settlements that, according to the differences in their inner habitational pattern, display a representative model. It is based on the field analysis of five already created and developed unplanned settlements in Belgrade through observing and residing within them and by talking and questioning to their residents.

This study shows that the key to understanding existing urban and architectural patterns, as well as the potential for future design actions lies in reading out the processes of everyday life. Then, it demonstrates a tool that has a potential to divert previous housing politics towards a revitalization of design in relation to social profiles specificities. At the end, the study opens a path to creating adequate architectural and urban parameters for housing care in accordance to the lifestyle acceptable for each and every socially perceptible group.

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Open House International, vol. 42 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0168-2601

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Publication date: 1 October 2008

Magnus Lofstrom and John Tyler

In this paper, we develop a simple model of the signaling value of the General Educational Development certificate (GED) credential. The model illustrates necessary assumptions…

Abstract

In this paper, we develop a simple model of the signaling value of the General Educational Development certificate (GED) credential. The model illustrates necessary assumptions for a difference-in-differences estimator that uses a change in the GED passing standard to yield unbiased estimates of the signaling value of the GED for marginal passers. We apply the model to the national 1997 passing standard increase, which affected GED test takers in Texas. We utilize unique data from the Texas Schools Micro Data Panel (TSMP) that contain demographic and GED test score information from the Texas Education Agency linked to pre- and post-test-taking Unemployment Insurance quarterly wage records from the Texas Workforce Commission. Comparing Texas dropouts who acquired a GED before the passing standard was raised in 1997 to dropouts with the same test scores who failed the GED exams after the passing standard hike, we find no evidence of a positive GED signaling effect on earnings. However, we find some evidence suggesting that our finding may be due to the low GED passing threshold that existed in Texas for an extended period.

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Work, Earnings and Other Aspects of the Employment Relation
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-84950-552-9

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Article
Publication date: 18 February 2020

Chandra Nanthakumar

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effectiveness of classical yoga not only as a complementary therapy but also as a viable option in the management of anxiety and…

1598

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effectiveness of classical yoga not only as a complementary therapy but also as a viable option in the management of anxiety and depression.

Design/methodology/approach

Papers were retrieved using a combination of databases including PubMed/MEDLINE and PsycINFO.

Findings

The findings revealed that the practice of yoga as complementary therapy and also as a stand-alone therapy is effective in managing and reducing anxiety and depression.

Research limitations/implications

All the studies reviewed in this paper were methodologically limited in terms of sample size, sample heterogeneity, yoga intervention styles, duration of practice and teaching methods. Further research is needed to address key areas such as how much yoga is needed per week, duration of each class and specifically the types of asanas and pranayama to practise to bring about change in the anxiety and depressive states.

Practical implications

This review has provided substantial insight to yoga as a complementary and/or stand-alone therapy for anxiety and depression which is much needed in this contemporary society. The Malaysian community especially teenagers and adults, should consider incorporating yoga as part of their daily routine to experience and reap its benefits. It is suggested that yoga be included as part of the physical education curriculum in learning institutions and as a recreational activity for staff in public and private organisations.

Originality/value

The findings of this review provide an avenue for victims to cope with and manage anxiety and depression through the practice of yoga.

Details

The Journal of Mental Health Training, Education and Practice, vol. 15 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1755-6228

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Article
Publication date: 1 December 2011

Anna Pawlikowska-Piechotka

In recent years worldwide interest has arisen in developing “child-friendly cities”, but research into this issue has so far not being carried out in Poland. Over the past decades…

185

Abstract

In recent years worldwide interest has arisen in developing “child-friendly cities”, but research into this issue has so far not being carried out in Poland. Over the past decades one can observe a visible change which has taken place in the relationship between children and their living environment. In the many Polish cities (like in all industrialized countries) increased road traffic, pollution and crime, fragmentation of urban fabric, reduction of green public areas – resulted in rather ‘non child friendly’ environment. Although a child can play anywhere, carefully planned playgrounds are widely considered as an essential part of children's leisure and education. Today in Warsaw playgrounds could be found in a variety of settings as housing estates, recreation public areas, urban parks, schools, churches, community centres and commercial establishments as restaurants and hotels. But one can notice that demand for outdoor recreation shows signs of stopping, despite the efforts to supply much more sophisticated equipment. The aim of our research was to seek an answer for question how could we create an environment that meets a child's needs? Which factors determine child-friendly environment? In the course of our research project selected children's playgrounds in Warsaw were surveyed, undertaken on specific themes, such as: facilities, safety, pressures for change, popularity of sites, proposed strategy of renewal (with playground users interviewed). We were interested both in the children and their caregivers diversifying preferences, their expectations of outdoor recreation infrastructure and management improvements. As at present in Warsaw live as much as 5 528 disabled children therefore emphasis has been also placed on disabled children, their everyday access possibilities to public play space.

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Open House International, vol. 36 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0168-2601

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Article
Publication date: 8 February 2016

Steven Chen

The purpose of this paper is to outline a framework for marketing cultural goods (e.g. music) to global markets by examining modes of entry and positioning strategies used by…

10581

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to outline a framework for marketing cultural goods (e.g. music) to global markets by examining modes of entry and positioning strategies used by media producers of the South Korean music industry.

Design/methodology/approach

An historic analysis was implemented to investigate the modalities and structures through which cultural products are produced and disseminated. Data for this study came from 314 articles collected from www.allkpop.com, a leading English-language, South Korean popular culture news site.

Findings

The cultural technology framework consists of the institutionalization of cultural technology, exportation of cultural content, collaborations with local talent, and joint ventures with local markets.

Research limitations/implications

The findings emerge from an analysis of South Korean popular music industries, and further research is needed to generalize the results across cultural industries.

Practical implications

The cultural technology framework can be applied to cultural industries such as music, film, comics, and art, where culture and language could be barriers to adoption.

Originality/value

This study outlines a framework for the modes of entry and positioning strategies of cultural goods (e.g. music) in international markets. Extant literature has examined global marketing from the purview of durable consumer goods and brands, with limited insights into cultural products. More broadly, this paper addresses the call for more qualitative inquiry into international marketing topics.

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International Marketing Review, vol. 33 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0265-1335

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Article
Publication date: 16 January 2019

Paula Rodriguez-Modroño

The purpose of this paper is to apply an intersectional analysis to assess the impact of structural factors on the risk of being a NEET for youth in Spain. The author study if…

1487

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to apply an intersectional analysis to assess the impact of structural factors on the risk of being a NEET for youth in Spain. The author study if inequalities have changed after the economic crisis, once youth policies designed to improve the Spanish school-to-work transition (SWT) system were implemented.

Design/methodology/approach

Drawing on microdata from the Spanish Survey on Income and Living Conditions, the paper compares the probability of becoming not in employment, education or training (NEET) of young men and women born inside or outside Spain and living in different types of households.

Findings

Although unemployment rates have improved since the end of the crisis, the situation regarding youth employment, poverty and inequalities remains challenging. Gender and other structural differences are usually ignored in policy debates and in the measures adopted to fight youth unemployment, leading to the persistance of inequalities.

Research limitations/implications

The analysis illustrates new lines and trajectories in the segmentation of youth labor markets along the lines of gender, household and country of origin.

Practical implications

The findings highlight the need for introducing an analysis of the different sources of vulnerability in policy designs in order to promote a real and sustainable change in SWTs.

Originality/value

The contribution of this research to the literature on NEET and SWT is to introduce a framework that allows for the intersectional analysis of gender and other structural inequalities.

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International Journal of Manpower, vol. 40 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0143-7720

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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1972

THE YG‐1081 COLLISION WARNING SYSTEM (CWS) introduced by Honeywell Inc. operates on a cooperative basis with other aircraft with like equipment. The system is, in effect, a C‐band…

29

Abstract

THE YG‐1081 COLLISION WARNING SYSTEM (CWS) introduced by Honeywell Inc. operates on a cooperative basis with other aircraft with like equipment. The system is, in effect, a C‐band (5·08 GHz) pulse beacon ranging system. Each CWS serves both on interrogation and response function. There are three modes of operation: the interrogation mode, the response mode, and the system test mode.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 44 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 15 December 2021

Wafiqah Asnola and Zulfadzlee Zulkiflee

Isu diskriminasi antara kaum telah tular di media sosial berikutan isu pemberian vaksin secara jumpa terus yang mula dibukakan di Pusat Vaksinasi Stadium Tertutup pada hari…

1522

Abstract

Isu diskriminasi antara kaum telah tular di media sosial berikutan isu pemberian vaksin secara jumpa terus yang mula dibukakan di Pusat Vaksinasi Stadium Tertutup pada hari Jumaat, 24 September 2021. Jumlah orang ramai yang ingin mengambil vaksin telah melebihi jangkaan sehingga menyebabkan keadaan menjadi tidak terkawal dan berlakunya pelanggaran Prosedur Pengendalian Standard (SOP). Kajian ini dijalankan untuk membincangkan isu diskriminasi kaum yang berlaku semasa gelombang kedua pandemik COVID-19. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif secara deskriptif. Data yang diperolehi daripada komen-komen dalam halaman Brunei Dot Com, dan Facebook ini seterusnya dianalisis menggunakan model tiga dimensi Fairclough (1992). Hasil kajian mendapati kesemua komen telah menunjukkan sikap diskriminasi dalam kalangan masyarakat Brunei secara sedar ataupun tidak. Isu diskriminasi ini bukan sahaja dapat dilihat dari sudut representasi linguistik, tetapi juga penghasilan dan pewahanaan wacana berkaitan pada halaman Brunei Dot Com, dan Facebook. Kajian ini juga menunjukkan bahawa wacana bukan saja mampu dibentuk masyarakat tetapi juga membentuknya.

The issue of racial discrimination concerning the commencement of walk-in vaccination at the Indoor Stadium Vaccination Centre on Friday, 24 September 2021 was widely addressed in the social media. Chaos ensued as an influx of people attended the centre and violated the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP). This paper examines the issue of racial discrimination during the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic in Brunei. As a qualitative-descriptive study, data obtained from Brunei Dot Com, and Facebook page, were analysed using Fairclough's (1992) three-dimensional approach. Findings have shown presence of discriminatory attitudes among the local community displayed as deliberately or unintentionally. This is manifested in its linguistic representations, discourse production and consumption in the selected Brunei Dot Com and Facebook pages. This study indicates that a discourse is not only capable of shaping but is also shaped by the community.

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Southeast Asia: A Multidisciplinary Journal, vol. 21 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1819-5091

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Article
Publication date: 24 December 2021

Wenjin Mao and Hongwei Li

The purpose of this study is to provide a non-iterative linear method to solve the power flow equations of alternating current (AC) power grid. Traditional iterative power flow…

115

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to provide a non-iterative linear method to solve the power flow equations of alternating current (AC) power grid. Traditional iterative power flow calculation is limited in speed and reliability, and it is unsuitable for the real-time and online applications of the modern distribution power system (DPS). Thus, it would be of great significance if a fast and flexible linear power flow (LPF) solution could be introduced particularly necessary for the robust and fast control of DPS, especially when the system consists of star and delta connections ZIP load (a constant impedance, Z, load, a constant current, I, load and a constant power, P, load) and the high penetration of distributed solar and wind power generators.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on the features of DPS and considering the approximate balance of three-phase DPS, several approximations corresponding to the three-phase power flow equations have been discussed and analyzed. Then, based on those approximations, two three-phase LPF models have been developed under the polar coordinates. One model has been formulated with the voltage magnitudes [referred to the voltage magniudes based linear power flow method (VMLPF)], and another model has been formulated with the logarithmic transform of voltage magnitudes [referred to the logarithmic transform of voltage based linear power flow method LGLPF)].

Findings

The institute of electrical and electronic engineers (IEEE) 13-bus, 37-bus, 123-bus and an improved 615-bus unbalanced DPSs are used to test the performances of the methods considering star and delta connections ZIP load and PV buses (voltage-controlled buses). The test results validate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed two models. Especially when considering the PV buses and delta connection ZIP load, the proposed two models perform much well. Moreover, the results show that VMLPF performs a bit better than LGLPF.

Research limitations/implications

Except for the transformer with YgYg connection winding can be dealt with directly, the transformers with other connections are not discussed in this proposed paper and need to be further studied.

Originality/value

These proposed two models can deal with ZIP load with star and delta connections as well as multi slack buses and PV buses. The single-phase, two-phase and three-phase hybrid networks can be directly included too. The proposed two models are capable of offering enough accuracy level, and they are therefore suitable for online applications that require a large number of repeated power flow calculations.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering , vol. 41 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

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