Search results

1 – 10 of over 310000
Book part
Publication date: 21 November 2014

Jin Seo Cho and Halbert White

We provide a new characterization of the equality of two positive-definite matrices A and B, and we use this to propose several new computationally convenient statistical tests…

Abstract

We provide a new characterization of the equality of two positive-definite matrices A and B, and we use this to propose several new computationally convenient statistical tests for the equality of two unknown positive-definite matrices. Our primary focus is on testing the information matrix equality (e.g. White, 1982, 1994). We characterize the asymptotic behavior of our new trace-determinant information matrix test statistics under the null and the alternative and investigate their finite-sample performance for a variety of models: linear regression, exponential duration, probit, and Tobit. The parametric bootstrap suggested by Horowitz (1994) delivers critical values that provide admirable level behavior, even in samples as small as n = 50. Our new tests often have better power than the parametric-bootstrap version of the traditional IMT; when they do not, they nevertheless perform respectably.

Details

Essays in Honor of Peter C. B. Phillips
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78441-183-1

Keywords

Open Access
Book part
Publication date: 4 May 2018

Wilda Sitorus, Saib Suwilo and Mardiningsih

Hamming distance of a two bit strings u and v of length n is defined to be the number of positions of u and v with different digit. If G is a simple graph on n vertices and m

Abstract

Hamming distance of a two bit strings u and v of length n is defined to be the number of positions of u and v with different digit. If G is a simple graph on n vertices and m edges and B is an edge–vertex incidence matrix of G, then every edge e of G can be labeled using a binary digit string of length n from the row of B which corresponds to the edge e. We discuss Hamming distance of two different edges of the graph G. Then, we present formulae for the sum of all Hamming distances between two different edges of G, particularly when G is a path, a cycle, and a wheel, and some composite graphs.

Book part
Publication date: 10 April 2019

Luc Clair

Applied econometric analysis is often performed using data collected from large-scale surveys. These surveys use complex sampling plans in order to reduce costs and increase the…

Abstract

Applied econometric analysis is often performed using data collected from large-scale surveys. These surveys use complex sampling plans in order to reduce costs and increase the estimation efficiency for subgroups of the population. These sampling plans result in unequal inclusion probabilities across units in the population. The purpose of this paper is to derive the asymptotic properties of a design-based nonparametric regression estimator under a combined inference framework. The nonparametric regression estimator considered is the local constant estimator. This work contributes to the literature in two ways. First, it derives the asymptotic properties for the multivariate mixed-data case, including the asymptotic normality of the estimator. Second, I use least squares cross-validation for selecting the bandwidths for both continuous and discrete variables. I run Monte Carlo simulations designed to assess the finite-sample performance of the design-based local constant estimator versus the traditional local constant estimator for three sampling methods, namely, simple random sampling, exogenous stratification and endogenous stratification. Simulation results show that the estimator is consistent and that efficiency gains can be achieved by weighting observations by the inverse of their inclusion probabilities if the sampling is endogenous.

Details

The Econometrics of Complex Survey Data
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78756-726-9

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 30 December 2013

Guido Erreygers and Roselinde Kessels

In this chapter we explore different ways to obtain decompositions of rank-dependent indices of socioeconomic inequality of health, such as the Concentration Index. Our focus is…

Abstract

In this chapter we explore different ways to obtain decompositions of rank-dependent indices of socioeconomic inequality of health, such as the Concentration Index. Our focus is on the regression-based type of decomposition. Depending on whether the regression explains the health variable, or the socioeconomic variable, or both, a different decomposition formula is generated. We illustrate the differences using data from the Ethiopia 2011 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS).

Details

Health and Inequality
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78190-553-1

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 13 December 2013

Eugene Choo and Shannon Seitz

We develop and estimate an empirical collective model with endogenous marriage formation, participation, and family labor supply. Intra-household transfers arise endogenously as…

Abstract

We develop and estimate an empirical collective model with endogenous marriage formation, participation, and family labor supply. Intra-household transfers arise endogenously as the transfers that clear the marriage market. The intra-household allocation can be recovered from observations on marriage decisions. Introducing the marriage market in the collective model allows us to independently estimate transfers from labor supplies and from marriage decisions. We estimate a semiparametric version of our model using 1980, 1990, and 2000 US Census data. Estimates of the model using marriage data are much more consistent with the theoretical predictions than estimates derived from labor supply.

Details

Structural Econometric Models
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78350-052-9

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 13 May 2017

David S. Lee and Justin McCrary

Using administrative, longitudinal data on felony arrests in Florida, we exploit the discontinuous increase in the punitiveness of criminal sanctions at 18 to estimate the…

Abstract

Using administrative, longitudinal data on felony arrests in Florida, we exploit the discontinuous increase in the punitiveness of criminal sanctions at 18 to estimate the deterrence effect of incarceration. Our analysis suggests a 2% decline in the log-odds of offending at 18, with standard errors ruling out declines of 11% or more. We interpret these magnitudes using a stochastic dynamic extension of Becker’s (1968) model of criminal behavior. Calibrating the model to match key empirical moments, we conclude that deterrence elasticities with respect to sentence lengths are no more negative than 0 . 13 for young offenders.

Details

Regression Discontinuity Designs
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78714-390-6

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 30 July 2024

Fatemeh Mostaghimi, Mohammad Saeed Jabalameli and Ali Bozorgi-Amiri

Supply chain management has become critical in today’s globalized environment, with growingly intense competition on the international level. The particular characteristics of…

Abstract

Purpose

Supply chain management has become critical in today’s globalized environment, with growingly intense competition on the international level. The particular characteristics of modern trade have led companies to globalize and devise increasingly sophisticated supply chains to meet customer demand worldwide. Motivated by the need to address these challenges, we have developed a new model for a global supply chain that incorporates uncertainties in exchange rates, demand fluctuations, and the quantity of produce.

Design/methodology/approach

The objective of the proposed model is to maximize supply chain profitability. Our model optimizes several critical decisions in the proposed global supply chain, including the location of domestic and foreign distribution centers, allocating the centers to customers, transportation mode selection, storage temperature, optimal farm purchase quantities, product flows across the network, and the shelf-life of products. Scenario-based stochastic programming approach is employed to account for the inherent uncertainties within the model. A pistachio supply chain is examined as a case study in this article, and the efficiency of the proposed model is demonstrated through computational results.

Findings

The model was solved using the CPLEX solver in GAMS and the results, the Sirjan DDC and Turkey FDC have been selected. In general, 40% of demand for customers from FDC (turkey) and 60% of demand from DDC (sirjan) is provided. Changes in the demand of foreign customers make the net profit more effective than changes in the demand for domestic customers. The decrease in exchange rate decreases the network profit with a higher slope and the increase in exchange rate will increase network profit with a relatively stable slope.

Originality/value

While research on GSCs for perishable products has been ongoing for several years, the importance of the subject necessitates continued investigation in this area. This paper aimed to address this gap by presenting an optimization model for designing GSCs for perishable products under uncertainty and with various transportation modes. The proposed model was designed with the aim of improving supply chain performance and real-world applicability.

Details

Kybernetes, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0368-492X

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 5 April 2024

Feng Yao, Qinling Lu, Yiguo Sun and Junsen Zhang

The authors propose to estimate a varying coefficient panel data model with different smoothing variables and fixed effects using a two-step approach. The pilot step estimates the…

Abstract

The authors propose to estimate a varying coefficient panel data model with different smoothing variables and fixed effects using a two-step approach. The pilot step estimates the varying coefficients by a series method. We then use the pilot estimates to perform a one-step backfitting through local linear kernel smoothing, which is shown to be oracle efficient in the sense of being asymptotically equivalent to the estimate knowing the other components of the varying coefficients. In both steps, the authors remove the fixed effects through properly constructed weights. The authors obtain the asymptotic properties of both the pilot and efficient estimators. The Monte Carlo simulations show that the proposed estimator performs well. The authors illustrate their applicability by estimating a varying coefficient production frontier using a panel data, without assuming distributions of the efficiency and error terms.

Details

Essays in Honor of Subal Kumbhakar
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83797-874-8

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 23 April 2024

Yong Liu, Xue-ge Guo, Qin Jiang and Jing-yi Zhang

We attempt to construct a grey three-way conflict analysis model with constraints to deal with correlated conflict problems with uncertain information.

Abstract

Purpose

We attempt to construct a grey three-way conflict analysis model with constraints to deal with correlated conflict problems with uncertain information.

Design/methodology/approach

In order to address these correlated conflict problems with uncertain information, considering the interactive influence and mutual restraints among agents and portraying their attitudes toward the conflict issues, we utilize grey numbers and three-way decisions to propose a grey three-way conflict analysis model with constraints. Firstly, based on the collected information, we introduced grey theory, calculated the degree of conflict between agents and then analyzed the conflict alliance based on the three-way decision theory. Finally, we designed a feedback mechanism to identify key agents and key conflict issues. A case verifies the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed model.

Findings

The results show that the proposed model can portray their attitudes toward conflict issues and effectively extract conflict-related information.

Originality/value

By employing this approach, we can provide the answers to Deja’s fundamental questions regarding Pawlak’s conflict analysis: “what are the underlying causes of conflict?” and “how can a viable consensus strategy be identified?”

Details

Kybernetes, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0368-492X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 2 May 2017

Robert Straka and Tadeusz Telejko

The model of a shaft furnace operation is presented in this paper. Aim of this model is to predict concentrations of carbon monoxide and dioxide, the temperature of the lava and…

Abstract

Purpose

The model of a shaft furnace operation is presented in this paper. Aim of this model is to predict concentrations of carbon monoxide and dioxide, the temperature of the lava and the heat losses.

Design/methodology/approach

The mathematical model is based on 1D mass and heat balance laws for flue gas, coke and four materials used in a mineral wool production. Process parameters should be optimized for the minimal heat loss and the carbon monoxide concentration while keeping the prescribed lava temperature. The model consists of heterogeneous and homogeneous reactions for coke combustion, dolomite decomposition, rock and coke heating and a rock-melting model. The resulting system of partial differential equations is discretized by the finite volume method and solved with the explicit Euler scheme together with the point-implicit preconditioning of sources in species balance equations.

Findings

Numerical results are compared with the measured data on the pilot-scale device and show good agreement. It is found that in the lower region of the furnace, the large amount of carbon monoxide is present despite high oxygen levels.

Practical/implications

Based on the numerical model, the parameters of the secondary air stream could be studied (position, volume flux, oxygen enrichment and temperature) to decrease levels of carbon monoxide emissions while keeping lava temperature at needed levels.

Originality/value

The paper includes mathematical and numerical model needed for simulation of shaft furnaces in mineral wool industry. It can be used as a valuable tool for design engineers and furnace operators during research or redesign of existing devices.

Details

International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, vol. 27 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0961-5539

Keywords

1 – 10 of over 310000