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This paper aims to define an adapted contemporary design language for housing built next to vernacular residential buildings of Anatolian villages. The case has been selected from Balıkesir province in the North-western part of Anatolia within a corpus of 104 houses from selected 81 villages of the region. Originally, vernacular house plans consist of allocation of rooms around a hall: sofa. Each room is a core living space with everyday living needs for a family. House is formed with various spatial relations between sofa and rooms around it. This relation is the determinative feature in formation of vernacular language for each Anatolian house. The study has three phases: analysis, adaptation and generation. The first phase analyzes the elements of vernacular by decomposing its language into sub-parts. In the second phase, the inadequacies of existing vernacular structures were exposed with methods of observation and questionnaires applied on users and new demands for living have been adapted with vernacular existing language grammar rules. In the last phase within the framework of adapted language rules for Balıkesir vernacular, numerous novel design alternatives were generated. This study claims to sustain the existing socio-cultural spatial configuration by adapting newly built contemporary houses to actual vernacular architecture in the planning context.

This paper seeks to discuss the complexity of the relationship between genotype and phenotype and highlight the importance of a greater understanding of behavioural phenotypes in genetic syndromes. The aim is to explore the developmental trajectory of the behavioural phenotypes as individuals emerge from childhood into adulthood and beyond.

Information was gathered from a search of the relevant literature over the past 20 years using Medline and PsycINFO databases in May 2010 as well as information published in textbooks on this matter.

The outcomes were considered under five areas of functioning: cognition, communication, behaviour, social functioning and propensity to psychiatric illnesses. The research thus far suggests that outcomes in behavioural phenotypes in adults are extremely variable. Individual predictions are difficult to make. However, some trends do emerge.

Findings of particular interest are the rates of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum conditions and how these change over the developmental trajectory. The paper highlights the need for further research in this area and discusses the need to view behavioural phenotypes as a continuum across the lifespan.

Introduction – The banking sector is one of the most important building blocks of the financial system. A failure in the banking sector can cause serious problems in a country’s economy. In order for countries to achieve economic growth and development goals, the banking sector, which affects all sectors significantly, needs to be strong. Countries with a robust and reliable banking system have a high credit rating. As a result of this high credit rating, the interest of foreign capital in the country increases. Thus, the credit volume of banks expands and loans are provided at a more appropriate rate for investments. In this respect, the performance and profitability of banks are important. The CAMELS performance model is a valuation system used to determine the general status of banks. The CAMELS model consists of six components. According to this, C represents capital adequacy; A, asset quality; M, management adequacy; E, earnings; L, liquidity; and S, sensitivity to market risks.

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the effect of the CAMLS variables on the variable E.

Methodology – In the implementation part of the study, the data of 11 banks in the BIST Bank Index between 2004 and 2018 were used. In the analysis part of the study, a panel data analysis method was used.

Findings – The capital adequacy (C), management adequacy (M) and liquidity (L) variables were effective on profitability. This study revealed the importance of the capital, management and liquidity variables, which are internal factors, in increasing the profitability of banks.

Purpose: The main aim of the study is to provide a tool for non-financial information in decision-making. We analysed the non-financial data in the annual reports in order to show the usage of this information in financial decision processes.

Need for the Study: Main financial reports such as balance sheets and income statements can be analysed by statistical methods. However, an expanded financial reporting framework needs new analysing methods due to unstructured and big data. The study offers a solution to the analysis problem that comes with non-financial reporting, which is an essential communication tool in corporate reporting.

Methodology: Text mining analysis of annual reports is conducted using software named R. To simplify the problem, we try to predict the companies’ corporate governance qualifications using text mining. K Nearest Neighbor, Naive Bayes and Decision Tree machine learning algorithms were used.

Findings: Our analysis illustrates that K Nearest Neighbor has classified the highest number of correct classifications by 85%, compared to 50% for the random walk. The empirical evidence suggests that text mining can be used by all stakeholders as a financial analysis method.

Practical Implications: Combining financial statement analyses with financial reporting analyses will decrease the information asymmetry between the company and stakeholders. So stakeholders can make more accurate decisions. Analysis of non-financial data with text mining will provide a decisive competitive advantage, especially for investors to make the right decisions. This method will lead to allocating scarce resources more effectively. Another contribution of the study is that stakeholders can predict the corporate governance qualification of the company from the annual reports even if it does not include in the Corporate Governance Index (CGI).

The boundary-layer analysis is required to reveal the fluid flow behavior in several industrial processes and enhance the products’ effectiveness. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the buoyancy or mixed convective stagnation-point flow (SPF) and heat transfer of a micropolar fluid filled with hybrid nanoparticles over a vertical plate. The nanoparticles silver (Ag) and titanium dioxide (TiO₂) are scattered into various base fluids to form a new-fangled class of (Ag-TiO₂/various base fluid) hybrid nanofluid along with different shape factors.

The self-similarity transformations are used to reformulate the leading requisite partial differential equations into renovated non-linear dimensionless ordinary differential equations. The numerical dual solutions are gained for the transmuted requisite equations with the help of the bvp4c built-in package in MATLAB software. The results are validated by comparing them with previously available published data for a particular case of the present study.

The impact of various pertaining parameters such as nanoparticle volume fraction, material parameter, shape factor and mixed convective on temperature, heat transfer, fluid motion, micro-rotation and drag force are visualized and scrutinized through tables and graphs. It is observed that dual or non-uniqueness outcomes are found for the case of buoyancy assisting flow, whereas the solution is unique in the buoyancy opposing flow case. Additionally, the fluid motion and micro-rotation profiles decelerate in the presence of nanoparticle volume fraction, while the temperature augments.

The mixed convective stagnation point flow conveying TiO₂/Ag hybrid nanofluid with micropolar fluid with various shape factors is the significant originality of the current investigation where multiple outcomes are obtained for the assisting flow. The various base fluids such as glycerin, water and water–ethylene glycol (50%:50%) are considered in the present problem. The bifurcation values of the considered problem do not exist, probably because of various base fluids. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this work is new and original which were not previously reported.

The purpose of the paper is to obtain finite element method (FEM) solution of steady, laminar, natural convection flow in inclined enclosures in the presence of an oblique magnetic field. The momentum equations include the magnetic effect, and the induced magnetic field due to the motion of the electrically conducting fluid is neglected. Quadratic triangular elements are used to ensure accurate approximation for second order derivatives of stream function appearing in the vorticity equation.

Governing equations in terms of stream function and vorticity are solved by FEM using quadratic triangular elements. Vorticity boundary conditions are obtained through Taylor series expansion of stream function equation by using more interior stream function values to improve the accuracy. Isothermally heated or cooled and/or adiabatic conditions for the temperature are imposed. Results are obtained for Rayleigh number values and Hartmann number values up to 1000000 and 100, respectively.

It is observed that streamlines form a thin boundary layer close to the heated walls as Ha increases. The same effect is seen in the vorticity contours, and isotherms are not affected much. As Ra increases streamlines are deformed moving from the heated walls through cooled walls. Vorticity starts to develop boundary layers close to heated and adjacent walls. Isotherms are pushed towards the sinusoidally heated wall whereas in the case of linearly heated left and bottom walls they expand towards cooled part of the cavity as Ra increases.

The application of FEM with quadratic elements for solving natural convection flow problem under the effect of a magnetic field is new in the sense that the results are obtained for large values of Rayleigh and Hartmann numbers.

Integrality of surface mesh is requisite for computational engineering. Nonwatertight meshes with holes can bring inconvenience to applications. Unlike simple modeling or visualization, the downstream industrial application scenarios put forward higher requirements for hole-filling, although many related algorithms have been developed. This study aims at the hole-filling issue in industrial application scenarios.

This algorithm overcomes some inherent weakness of general methods and generates a high-level resulting mesh. Initially, the primitive hole boundary is filled with a more appropriate triangulation which introduces fewer geometric errors. And in order for better performances on shape approximation of the background mesh, the algorithm also refines the initial triangulation with topology optimization. When obtaining the background mesh defining the geometry and size field, spheres on it are packed to determine the vertex configuration and then the resulting high-level mesh is generated.

Through emphasizing geometry recovery and mesh quality, the proposed algorithm works well in hole-filling in industrial application scenarios. Many experimental results demonstrate the reliability and the performance of the algorithm. And the processed meshes are capable of being used for industrial simulation computations directly.

This paper makes input meshes more adaptable for solving programs through local modifications on meshes and perfects the preprocessing technology of finite element analysis (FEA).

The main aim of the current paper is to find a numerical plan for hydraulic fracturing problem with application in extracting natural gases and oil.

First, time discretization is accomplished via Crank-Nicolson and semi-implicit techniques. At the second step, a high-order finite element method using quadratic triangular elements is proposed to derive the spatial discretization. The efficiency and time consuming of both obtained schemes will be investigated. In addition to the popular uniform mesh refinement strategy, an adaptive mesh refinement strategy will be employed to reduce computational costs.

Numerical results show a good agreement between the two schemes as well as the efficiency of the employed techniques to capture acceptable patterns of the model. In central single-crack mode, the experimental results demonstrate that maximal values of displacements in x- and y- directions are 0.1 and 0.08, respectively. They occur around both ends of the line and sides directly next to the line where pressure takes impact. Moreover, the pressure of injected fluid almost gained its initial value, i.e. 3,000 inside and close to the notch. Further, the results for non-central single-crack mode and bifurcated crack mode are depicted. In central single-crack mode and square computational area with a uniform mesh, computational times corresponding to the numerical schemes based on the high order finite element method for spatial discretization and Crank-Nicolson as well as semi-implicit techniques for temporal discretizations are 207.19s and 97.47s, respectively, with 2,048 elements, final time T = 0.2 and time step size τ = 0.01. Also, the simulations effectively illustrate a further decrease in computational time when the method is equipped with an adaptive mesh refinement strategy. The computational cost is reduced to 4.23s when the governed model is solved with the numerical scheme based on the adaptive high order finite element method and semi-implicit technique for spatial and temporal discretizations, respectively. Similarly, in other samples, the reduction of computational cost has been shown.

This is the first time that the high-order finite element method is employed to solve the model investigated in the current paper.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the convective heat transfer of magnetic nanofluid (MNF) inside a square enclosure under uniform magnetic fields considering nonlinearity of magnetic field-dependent thermal conductivity.

The properties of the MNF (Fe₃O₄+kerosene) were described by polynomial functions of magnetic field-dependent thermal conductivity. The effect of the transverse magnetic field (0 < H < 10⁵), Hartmann Number (0 < Ha < 60), Rayleigh number (10 <Ra <10⁵) and the solid volume fraction (0 < φ < 4.7%) on the heat transfer performance inside the enclosed space was examined. Continuity, momentum and energy equations were solved using the finite element method.

The results show that the Nusselt number increases when the Rayleigh number increases. In contrast, the convective heat transfer rate decreases when the Hartmann number increases due to the strong magnetic field which suppresses the buoyancy force. Also, a significant improvement in the heat transfer rate is observed when the magnetic field is applied and φ = 4.7% (I = 11.90%, I = 16.73%, I = 10.07% and I = 12.70%).

The present numerical study was carried out for a steady, laminar and two-dimensional flow inside the square enclosure. Also, properties of the MNF are assumed to be constant (except thermal conductivity) under magnetic field.

The results can be used in thermal storage and cooling of electronic devices such as lithium-ion batteries during charging and discharging processes.

The accuracy of results and heat transfer enhancement having magnetic field-field-dependent thermal conductivity are noticeable. The results can be used for different applications to improve the heat transfer rate and enhance the efficiency of a system.