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The purpose of this paper is to outline the development of the institutional repository of Utrecht University, the Igitur Archive. The Utrecht repository is unique for several reasons: it was started several years before the international repository movement began; the repository is combined with an e‐publishing service, Igitur, Utrecht Publishing and Archiving Services; and because the repository is firmly embedded in the structural tasks of the university library. This case‐study highlights the advantages and disadvantages of this particular situation.

In order to give an outline of the evolution of the Igitur Archive, the paper uses information from policy papers and annual reports of the Utrecht University Library and Utrecht University, from the business plan of Igitur and from the Proceedings of the Dutch DARE project. The findings are sorted in four sections: the start of e‐publishing in Utrecht; a section about Igitur; a section detailing the lessons learned; and finally a glance at the future is given.

The conclusion is that the position of Utrecht as an “early adapter” in the Dutch repository movement has caused some delays, but that the combination of the repository with the additional e‐publishing services has proved to be very fruitful. Igitur has developed a strong position and both the e‐publishing services and the repository have a sound base for further growth.

This paper gives useful information to other university libraries who want to start a repository and an e‐publishing service or who are already developing such services.

The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the most recent literature concerning document supply and related matters.

The approach is based on the reading of over 150 journals as well as monographs, reports and web sites.

It was found that the fundamental debate on the direction of scholarly publishing continues intensely. Electronic books remain a minority market but some commentators suggest that screen readability has improved significantly. The mass digitisation of books continues apace. Open Access continues to grow but with widely differing views on its impact – the publishers fight back.

The paper represents a useful source of information for librarians and others interested in document supply and related matters.

To describe both the service and recent developments of FIZ AutoDoc.

An in depth description with particular emphasis on copyright issues.

That FIZ AutoDoc has developed to respond to the information needs of its customers primarily in the commercial sector internationally.

A full description of a valuable service that draws upon the resources of many partners to provide commercial organizations with the information that they need.

The non‐recessed hybrid journal bearings of cylindrical type, when operating at higher rotational speeds can suffer self‐exited vibrations(oil‐whirl Instability), which can cause excessive rotor motion causing bearing and sometimes total machine failure. The multi‐lobe journal bearing exhibits better stability as well as a superior capability to suppress oil‐whirl. The paper aims to present a theoretical study pertaining to a two‐lobe hole‐entry hybrid journal bearing by considering the combined influence of surface roughness and journal misalignment on the performance of the bearing.

The average Reynolds equation governing the flow of lubricant in the clearance space between the rough bearing surfaces together with the equation of flow through a capillary restrictor has been solved using FEM. The bearing performance characteristics have been simulated for a two‐lobe hole‐entry hybrid journal bearing for the various values of offset factor, restrictor design parameter, surface roughness parameter, surface pattern parameter and journal misalignment parameters.

The two‐lobe hole‐entry hybrid journal bearing system with an offset factor greater than one indicates significant improvement of the order of 15‐25 percent in the values of direct stiffness and direct damping coefficients compared to a circular hole‐entry hybrid journal bearing system. Also the lubricant flow of a two‐lobe hole‐entry hybrid journal bearing is reduced by 25 percent vis‐à‐vis circular bearing.

The present work is original of its kind, in case of two‐lobe hole‐entry hybrid journal bearing. The results are quite useful for the bearing designer.

Due to the increasing size and complexity of construction projects, construction engineering and management involves the coordination of many complex and dynamic processes and relies on the analysis of uncertain, imprecise and incomplete information, including subjective and linguistically expressed information. Various modelling and computing techniques have been used by construction researchers and applied to practical construction problems in order to overcome these challenges, including fuzzy hybrid techniques. Fuzzy hybrid techniques combine the human-like reasoning capabilities of fuzzy logic with the capabilities of other techniques, such as optimization, machine learning, multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) and simulation, to capitalise on their strengths and overcome their limitations. Based on a review of construction literature, this chapter identifies the most common types of fuzzy hybrid techniques applied to construction problems and reviews selected papers in each category of fuzzy hybrid technique to illustrate their capabilities for addressing construction challenges. Finally, this chapter discusses areas for future development of fuzzy hybrid techniques that will increase their capabilities for solving construction-related problems. The contributions of this chapter are threefold: (1) the limitations of some standard techniques for solving construction problems are discussed, as are the ways that fuzzy methods have been hybridized with these techniques in order to address their limitations; (2) a review of existing applications of fuzzy hybrid techniques in construction is provided in order to illustrate the capabilities of these techniques for solving a variety of construction problems and (3) potential improvements in each category of fuzzy hybrid technique in construction are provided, as areas for future research.

Hybrid journal bearing have long been used in machines requiring large load and high speed capacity operating under wide range of temperatures. Different compensating devices are used in for efficient operation of bearings. This paper aims to help in selection of optimum compensating device by evaluating the comparative performance of constant flow valve, capillary compensated and slot entry hybrid journal bearing under the combined influence of thermal effects and micropolar nature of lubricant.

The variation in micropolar parameters and viscosity change due to temperature increase of lubricant are considered in present study. Finite element method is used for combined iterative solution of micropolar Reynolds, energy and conduction equations. Micropolar lubricant is assumed to be governed by two parameters, coupling number and characteristic length. The results in the study are presented for symmetric and asymmetric configurations of hole entry and slot entry non-recessed hybrid journal bearings

The results indicate that constant flow valve compensated hole entry hybrid journal bearing is the highest performing bearing for the given range of micropolar parameters of lubricant in terms of maximum fluid pressure and dynamic coefficients.

The performance variations of various configurations of hybrid journal bearing are presented in a single paper. The reader can get overview of combined effects of micropolar parameters and viscosity decrease due to temperature increase of the lubricant.

Environmental problems in manufacturing industries are a global issue owing to severe lack fossil resources. In assembly sequence planning (ASP), the research effort mainly aims to improve profit and human-related factors, but it still lacks in the consideration of the environmental issue. This paper aims to present an energy-efficient model for the ASP problem.

The proposed model considered energy utilization during the assembly process, particularly idle energy utilization. The problem was then optimized using moth flame optimization (MFO) and compared with well-established algorithms such as genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO) and ant colony optimization (ACO). A computational test was conducted using five assembly problems ranging from 12 to 40 components.

The results of the computational experiments indicated that the proposed model was capable of generating an energy-efficient assembly sequence. At the same time, the results also showed that MFO consistently performed better in terms of the best and mean fitness, with acceptable computational time.

This paper proposed a new energy-efficient ASP model that can be a guideline to design assembly station. Furthermore, this is the first attempt to implement MFO for the ASP problem.

Hybrid organizations face particular challenges and opportunities due to combining different logics within one organizational structure. While research on hybrid organizing has advanced considerably our understanding of how these organizations can cope with such tensions, institutional theory suggests that organizational legitimacy and success will also depend on processes that take place at the field level. We connect these two perspectives to examine how field hybridity influences organizational legitimacy. Specifically, we consider both a field’s maturity and its degree of hybridity as two important variables that determine the effects that field hybridity has on organizational legitimacy. Drawing from extant research and leveraging our empirical work in the fields of microfinance, social entrepreneurship and impact investing to provide illustrative examples, we propose a framework that considers both positive and negative effects of field hybridity on organizational legitimacy. We contribute to the literature on hybrid organizing in two ways. First, we show that hybrid organizations face different challenges and opportunities depending on the stage of development and degree of hybridity of the field they operate in. Second, we suggest that the effects of field hybridity on organizational legitimacy can be understood as trade-offs that organizations need to understand and approach strategically to leverage opportunities and mitigate challenges.

The aim of the present paper is to study the combined influence of textured surface and micropolar lubricant behaviour on the performance of two-lobe hole-entry hybrid journal bearing system. The bearing performance parameters of the textured circular/two-lobe hole-entry hybrid journal bearing system have been computed against the constant vertical external load supported by the bearing.

In this work, Eringen’s micropolar fluid theory has been used to derive the governing Reynolds equation. The consequent solution of the governing Reynolds equation has been obtained by using finite element method (FEM) numerical technique.

The present study indicates that the use of the textured surface, two-lobe profile of bearing and micropolar lubricant, significantly enhances the bearing performance as compared to non-textured circular journal bearing.

The present study concerning the influence of surface texturing on the behaviour of the two-lobe hole-entry hybrid journal bearing lubricated with micropolar lubricant is original. The theoretically simulated results of the present study will be useful to design an efficient journal bearing system.

The changing technological scenario necessitated hybrid journal bearings to operate under severe conditions of heavy load and high speed resulting into temperature rise of the lubricant fluid-film and bearing surface. To predict the performance of a bearing realistically, theoretical model must consider the combined influence of the rise of temperature and non-Newtonian behavior of the lubricant. The aim of the present paper is to study the effect of viscosity variation due to temperature rise and non-Newtonian behavior of the lubricant on performance of constant flow valve compensated multiple hole-entry hybrid journal bearings.

Finite element method has been used to solve Reynolds equation along with restrictor flow equation, 3D energy equation and 3D conduction equation using suitable iterative technique. The non-Newtonian lubricant has been assumed to follow cubic shear stress law.

The thermohydrostatic rheological performances of symmetric and asymmetric hole-entry hybrid journal bearing configurations are studied. The computed results illustrate that variation of viscosity due to rise in temperature and non-Newtonian behavior of the lubricant affects the performance of hole-entry hybrid journal bearing system quite significantly.

In the present work, the influences of the viscosity variation due to temperature rise and non-Newtonian behavior of the lubricant on the performance characteristics of non-recessed hole-entry hybrid journal bearing with symmetric and asymmetric configurations compensated with constant flow valve restrictors have been investigated for generating the design data to be used by bearing designer. The design data computed in the present thesis are a contribution in field of knowledge of bearing design.