Anak Agung Ketut Agung Dharma Putra and Siskarossa Ika Oktora
This study was conducted to review the overview of green growth and examine the role of financial inclusion as well as economic integration and other variables on green growth in…
Abstract
Purpose
This study was conducted to review the overview of green growth and examine the role of financial inclusion as well as economic integration and other variables on green growth in Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries.
Design/methodology/approach
Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to construct financial inclusion variables and panel data regression analysis to examine the effect of financial inclusion and economic integration on green growth in 10 ASEAN countries from 2010 to 2021.
Findings
The results showed that financial inclusion had played a role in supporting green growth in ASEAN. The rapid development of green finance and green bonds promoted the implementation of better green growth. The variables of export diversification and trade openness had a significant effect on green growth. Therefore, there is a need for appropriate policies to prevent negative effects on the environment and the behavior of ASEAN countries.
Research limitations/implications
The findings of this study suggest that policymakers in ASEAN countries not only focus on gaining economic benefits from financial inclusion and economic integration activities but also pay attention to environmental impacts. Moreover, the ASEAN region is actively developing strategic steps in providing easy access to capital and finance as well as expanding international trade activities through ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA). Therefore, it is hoped that apart from being able to establish sustainable policies, this region will also encourage and optimize previous policies to make them more environmentally friendly.
Originality/value
This study used a green growth approach with the Index by the Global Green Growth Institute. This index considered aspects of green economic opportunities and social inclusion that have not been applied in previous studies. In addition, this study contributed to review the activities of economic integration and financial inclusion and the sustainability of green growth in ASEAN countries. Until now, there has been no research focused on ASEAN; even though ASEAN has long carried out economic integration and encouraged financial inclusion policies, this region is vulnerable to environmental degradation issues.
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Syed Ali Raza, Komal Akram Khan and Bushra Qamar
The research analyzes the influence of three environmental triggers, i.e. awareness, concern and knowledge on environmental attachment and green motivation that affect tourists'…
Abstract
Purpose
The research analyzes the influence of three environmental triggers, i.e. awareness, concern and knowledge on environmental attachment and green motivation that affect tourists' pro-environmental behavior in the Pakistan’s tourism industry. Furthermore, this study has analyzed the moderating role of moral obligation concerning environmental attachment and green motivation on tourists' pro-environmental behavior.
Design/methodology/approach
Data were gathered via a structured questionnaire by 237 local (domestic) tourists of Pakistan. Furthermore, the data were examined by employing SmartPLS.
Findings
Findings demonstrate that all three environmental triggers have a positive and significant relationship with environmental attachment and green motivation. Accordingly, environmental attachment and green motivation promote tourists' pro-environmental behavior. Furthermore, the moderating role of moral obligations has also been incorporated in the study. The finding reveals a strong and positive relationship among environmental attachment and tourists' pro-environmental behaviors during high moral obligations. In contrast, moral obligations do not moderate association between green motivation and tourists' pro-environmental behavior. Therefore, competent authorities should facilitate tourists to adopt environmentally friendly practices; which will ultimately promote pro-environmental behavior.
Originality/value
This study provides useful insights regarding the role of tourism in fostering environmental attachment and green motivation that sequentially influence tourist pro-environmental behavior. Secondly, this research has employed moral obligations as a moderator to identify the changes in tourists’ pro-environmental behavior based on individuals' ethical considerations. Hence, the study provides an in-depth insight into tourists' behavior. Lastly, the present research offers effective strategies for the tourism sector and other competent authorities to increase green activities that can embed the importance of the environment among individuals.
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Tough Chinoda and Forget Mingiri Kapingura
This study examines the role of institutions and governance on the digital financial inclusion and economic growth nexus in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) from 2014 to 2020.
Abstract
Purpose
This study examines the role of institutions and governance on the digital financial inclusion and economic growth nexus in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) from 2014 to 2020.
Design/methodology/approach
This study adopts the generalised method of moments technique which controls for endogeneity. The authors employed four main variables namely, index of digital financial inclusion, gross domestic product per capita growth, institutions and governance.
Findings
The results suggest a significant positive effect of institutional quality and governance on the digital financial inclusion-economic growth nexus in SSA. Furthermore, the authors find that effect of trade and population growth on economic growth was significantly positive while inflation reduces economic growth in the region.
Research limitations/implications
This study also ignored the effect of digital financial inclusion on environmental quality. Future researches should focus on addressing these drawbacks and replicating the study in Africa as a whole and other developing countries across the world that are experiencing digital financial inclusion and economic growth challenges. The results from the study imply that a positive relationship between digital financial inclusion and economic growth. It is important to note that the study was carried out on the premise that institutions play a pivotal role in enhancing economic growth in SSA.
Practical implications
The results confirm the significance of policies that enhances institutional quality and governance which are other avenues the authorities can pursue to enhance economic growth in SSA.
Social implications
The paper documents the importance of institutions in boosting economic growth which impacts on social life rather than digital financial inclusion only.
Originality/value
The paper makes a contribution through analysing the role of institutions and governance on the digital financial inclusion-economic growth nexus rather than the traditional financial inclusion–economic growth nexus which is common to the majority of the available empirical studies.
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Faizan Khan Sherwani, Sanaa Zafar Shaikh, Shilpa Behal and Mohd Shuaib Siddiqui
The purpose of this paper is to analyse the determinants of financial inclusion among women-owned informal enterprises in India.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyse the determinants of financial inclusion among women-owned informal enterprises in India.
Design/methodology/approach
The study is based on a primary survey of 321 informal enterprises. The data has been collected through a structured questionnaire. A chi-square test has been used to examine the significant association between the characteristics of informal enterprises and their owners and financial inclusion. A logistic regression model has been developed to analyse the determinants of financial inclusion among women-owned informal enterprises.
Findings
A significant and negative association has been found between business duration and entrepreneurs’ experiences with financial inclusion. In addition, the chi-square test shows a significant association between resource capability, use of ICT by enterprises and financial inclusion. Further, logistics regression shows that duration of business, entrepreneurial experience, resource capability in terms of machinery and equipment use, and ICT are significant determinants of financial inclusion among women-owned informal enterprises.
Practical implications
There are several practical implications for national policymakers and other stakeholders, such as banks and international bodies working on financial inclusion. It is suggested that while designing the policy for financial inclusion among woman-owned informal enterprises, it should ensure that experience and older woman entrepreneurs are included in financial inclusion schemes.
Originality/value
There has been very few research on financial inclusion in woman-owned businesses. However, no research has been conducted on the financial inclusion of women-owned informal businesses. This study fills a gap by investigating the factors that influence financial inclusion in women-owned informal businesses.
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Kanza Abid, Zafar Iqbal Shams, Muhammad Suleman Tahir and Arif Zubair
The presence of heavy metals in milk causes many acute and chronic physiological dysfunctions in human organs. The present study aims to investigate the heavy metals in cow's and…
Abstract
Purpose
The presence of heavy metals in milk causes many acute and chronic physiological dysfunctions in human organs. The present study aims to investigate the heavy metals in cow's and buffalo's milk of two major cities, Karachi and Gujranwala, Pakistan to estimate metal intake by humans from this source.
Design/methodology/approach
In total, 48 milk samples from 2 cities were drawn from animals' udder to avoid contamination. Each sample was digested with nitric acid at 105 oC (degree Celsius) on a pre-heated electric hot plate to investigate the metals by atomic absorption spectroscopy (flame type). Air-acetylene technique analyzed chromium, cadmium and lead, and the hydride method analyzed arsenic in the milk samples.
Findings
The results revealed the highest mean lead concentration (19.65 ± 43.86 ppb) in the milk samples, followed by chromium (2.10 ± 2.33 ppb) and arsenic (0.48 ± 0.73 ppb). Cadmium was not detected in any sample, assuming cadmium's occurrence was below the detection level. The concentrations of all the metals in the samples of the two cities do not differ statistically. Lead concentrations in the buffalo's milk were higher than in cow's milk (p < 0.05). However, the concentrations of arsenic and chromium between buffalo's and cow's milk do not differ statistically. The present study reveals a lower level of metals in the milk than those conducted elsewhere. The mean concentrations of all the metals met the World Health Organization's (WHO) safety guidelines (1993).
Research limitations/implications
Although cadmium causes toxicity in the human body, cadmium could not be measured because cadmium's concentration was below the detection level, which is 1 ppb.
Practical implications
This study will help reduce the toxic metals in our environment, and the sources of heavy metals, particularly from the industrial sector could be identified. The feed and water consumed by the milking animals could be carefully used for feeding them.
Social implications
This study will help reduce the diseases and malfunction of human organs and organ systems since these heavy metals cause toxicity and carcinogenicity in humans. Arsenic and chromium cause cancer while lead causes encephalopathy (a brain disease).
Originality/value
The study reports heavy metal concentrations in the two attributes of four independent variables of raw milk samples that were scarcely reported from Pakistan.
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Naseem Ahmad, Fahad, Mehfooz Zaki, Zafar Alam and Mohd Khalid
The organic food market is gaining momentum in advanced and developing economies. This study aims to unfold the determinants explicitly associated with consumers and organic food…
Abstract
Purpose
The organic food market is gaining momentum in advanced and developing economies. This study aims to unfold the determinants explicitly associated with consumers and organic food products (OFPs) that influence consumers’ attitudes and purchase intentions in a developing economy.
Design/methodology/approach
The stimulus–organism–response (SOR) is modified to examine the reasons behind the consumers’ purchase intentions of OFPs. Consumer-specific and product-specific stimuli are considered to find their influence on the orgasmic state of the consumers in the form of attitude and, finally, their purchase intentions in the form of response. A simple random sampling procedure was used during January and February 2024 to obtain the study-related responses from the participants from six major cities in India. Three hundred eighty-two questionnaires were deemed suitable for the study after excluding any outliers and incomplete responses from the completed survey. After screening and validating the collected data in IBM SPSS statistics 23, Amos version 23.0 was used to analyze the study’s hypotheses.
Findings
The findings showed that consumers’ specific stimuli, such as environmental concern, health consciousness and food safety concerns, positively motivate consumers’ attitudes. Also, product-specific stimuli such as nutritional content and awareness of OFPs positively affect the attitude of the consumers. Surprisingly, price fairness is revealed to have no substantial impact on the consumers’ attitudes. Finally, it is revealed that the consumers’ attitude positively impacts their purchase intentions of OFPs.
Practical implications
The study’s findings will assist OFP marketing professionals in comprehending the significant impact of consumer-specific and product-specific aspects of the products in shaping consumers’ attitude towards OFPs. The research discoveries are expected to offer valuable insights to aid decision makers in marketing OFPs to consumers in developing economies like India.
Originality/value
The present work has uniquely modified the SOR model by considering the consumer-specific and product-specific aspects of OFPs and empirically validated that both aspects are significant in shaping consumer attitudes, especially in developing economies like India.
Objetivo
El mercado de alimentos orgánicos está ganando impulso en economías avanzadas y en desarrollo. El presente trabajo busca desentrañar los determinantes explícitamente asociados con los consumidores y los productos alimenticios orgánicos que influyen en las actitudes e intenciones de compra de los consumidores en una economía en desarrollo.
Diseño/metodología/enfoque/Metodología
Se modificó el modelo de estímulo-organismo-respuesta (SOR, por sus siglas en inglés) para examinar las razones detrás de las intenciones de compra de productos alimenticios orgánicos. Se consideraron estímulos específicos del consumidor y del producto para analizar su influencia en el estado orgánico de los consumidores en forma de actitud y, finalmente, sus intenciones de compra como respuesta. Durante enero y febrero de 2024, se utilizó un procedimiento de muestreo aleatorio simple para obtener respuestas relacionadas con el estudio de participantes en seis ciudades principales de India. Trescientos ochenta y dos (382) cuestionarios fueron considerados adecuados para el estudio después de excluir valores atípicos y respuestas incompletas. Tras depurar y validar los datos recopilados en IBM SPSS Statistics 23, se utilizó Amos versión 23.0 para analizar las hipótesis del estudio.
Resultados
Los resultados mostraron que los estímulos específicos del consumidor, como la preocupación por el medio ambiente, la conciencia sobre la salud y las preocupaciones sobre la seguridad alimentaria, motivan positivamente las actitudes de los consumidores. Asimismo, los estímulos específicos del producto, como el contenido nutricional y la conciencia sobre los productos alimenticios orgánicos, afectan positivamente la actitud de los consumidores. Sorprendentemente, se reveló que la equidad en los precios no tiene un impacto sustancial en las actitudes de los consumidores. Finalmente, se evidenció que la actitud de los consumidores influye positivamente en sus intenciones de compra de productos alimenticios orgánicos.
Implicaciones prácticas
Los hallazgos del estudio ayudarán a los profesionales del marketing de productos alimenticios orgánicos a comprender el impacto significativo de los aspectos específicos del consumidor y del producto en la formación de actitudes hacia los productos orgánicos. Los resultados se esperan que ofrezcan información valiosa para ayudar a los responsables de la toma de decisiones en el marketing de alimentos orgánicos a consumidores en economías en desarrollo como India.
Originalidad/valor/Originalidad/valor
El presente trabajo ha modificado de manera única el modelo SOR considerando los aspectos específicos del consumidor y del producto de los alimentos orgánicos, y ha validado empíricamente que ambos aspectos son significativos para dar forma a las actitudes de los consumidores, especialmente en economías en desarrollo como India.
研究目的
随着有机食品市场在发达经济体和发展中经济体中持续增长, 本研究旨在深入探讨消费者及有机食品相关因素对消费者态度与购买意愿的影响, 尤其是在发展中经济体背景下的作用机制。
研究设计/方法
本研究对刺激-有机体-反应(Stimulus–Organism–Response, SOR)模型进行了修正, 以分析消费者购买有机食品的意愿形成机制。研究分别考察了消费者特定刺激和产品特定刺激对消费者心理状态(即态度)的影响, 并进一步探究态度对消费者购买意愿的作用。本研究采用简单随机抽样法, 于2024年1月至2月期间, 在印度六个主要城市收集调查数据。最终, 共回收并筛选出有效问卷382份, 剔除异常值及不完整数据后, 利用IBM SPSS Statistics 23进行数据筛选和验证, 并采用Amos 23.0进行假设检验和数据分析。
研究结果
研究结果表明, 消费者特定刺激(如环境关注、健康意识和食品安全关注)对消费者态度具有显著的正向影响。同时, 产品特定刺激(如营养成分和有机食品认知)也对消费者态度产生积极作用。然而, 研究发现价格公平性对消费者态度并无显著影响。此外, 研究进一步验证了消费者态度对其有机食品购买意愿具有正向影响。
实践意义
本研究结果可为有机食品市场营销人员提供重要的实践指导, 有助于理解消费者特定因素和产品特定因素在塑造消费者对有机食品态度方面的关键作用。此外, 本研究的发现可为发展中经济体(如印度)市场决策者提供有价值的洞见, 以优化有机食品营销策略, 提高消费者接受度。
原创性/价值
本研究在现有SOR模型的基础上进行了独特的修正, 综合考虑了消费者特定因素和产品特定因素, 并通过实证研究验证了这两类因素在塑造消费者态度方面的重要性, 尤其是在印度等发展中经济体中的适用性。
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Keywords
- Organic food products
- Environmental concern
- Health consciousness
- Food safety concern
- SOR model
- Consumer marketing
- Productos alimenticios orgánicos
- Preocupación ambiental
- Conciencia sobre la salud
- Preocupación por la seguridad alimentaria
- Modelo SOR
- Marketing del consumidor
- 有机食品
- 环境关注
- 健康意识
- 食品安全关注
- Sor模型
- 消费者营销
Jesus Juyumaya, Cristian Torres-Ochoa and Germán Rojas
The study aims to investigate the effect of autonomy on employee job performance and the mediation effect of engagement. It also explores whether an employee’s age moderates the…
Abstract
Purpose
The study aims to investigate the effect of autonomy on employee job performance and the mediation effect of engagement. It also explores whether an employee’s age moderates the model.
Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected through a face-to-face survey administered to various types of workers in their workplaces. The selection of companies was based on a database available at the university. Response rate was 35%, yielding 210 instruments with complete responses. Structural Equation Modeling was the chosen method for data analysis.
Findings
Results demonstrate a positive and significant relationship between autonomy and engagement as well as between engagement and job performance. Moreover, engagement plays a full mediating role in the relationship between autonomy and job performance. Additionally, while age does not moderate the relationship, it does have a differential impact on the mediation process.
Practical implications
The creation of management strategies focused on resources such as autonomy must be adapted according to seniority, with the purpose of enhancing employee engagement and performance in today’s organizations.
Originality/value
This paper closes a gap between autonomy and Job Demands-Resources theory by providing evidence on the effects of autonomy, engagement and age on job performance.
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Ongo Nkoa Bruno Emmanuel, Dobdinga Cletus Fonchamnyo, Mamadou Asngar Thierry and Gildas Dohba Dinga
The continuous increase in the negative gap between biocapacity and ecological footprint has remained globally persistent since early 1970. The purpose of this study is to examine…
Abstract
Purpose
The continuous increase in the negative gap between biocapacity and ecological footprint has remained globally persistent since early 1970. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of foreign capital, domestic capital formation, institutional quality and democracy on ecological footprint within a global panel of 101 countries from 1995 to 2017.
Design/methodology/approach
The empirical procedure is based on data mix. To this end, this study uses a battery of testing and estimation approaches both conventional (no cross-sectional dependence [CD]) and novel approaches (accounting for CD). Among the battery of estimation techniques used, there are the dynamic ordinary least square, the mean group, the common correlation effect mean group technique, the augmented mean group technique, the Pooled mean group and the dynamic common correlation effect technique with the desire to obtain outcomes robust to heteroskedasticity, endogeneity, cross-correlation and CD among others.
Findings
The estimated outcomes indicate that using different estimators’ domestic capital formation consistently degrades the environment through an increase in ecological footprint, while institutional quality consistently enhances the quality of the environment. Further, the outcome reveals that, though foreign capital inflow degrades the environment, the time period is essential, as it shows a short-run environmental improvement and a long-run environmental degradation. Democratic activities show a mixed outcome with short-run degrading effect and a long-run enhancement effect on environmental quality.
Practical implications
Green investment should be the policy target of all economies, and these policies should be adopted to target both domestic capital and foreign capital alike. Second, the adoption of democratic practices will produce good leaders that will not just design short-term policies to blindfold the populace temporary but those that will produce long-term-oriented practices that will better and enhance the quality of the environment through the reduction of the global footprint. Equally, enhancing the institutional framework like respect for the rule of law in matters of abatement should be encouraged.
Originality/value
Although much research on the role of macroeconomic indicators on environmental quality has been done this far, democratic practices, intuitional quality and domestic capital have been given little attention. This research fills this gap by considering robust empirical techniques.