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Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 27 June 2023

Farid Salari, Paolo Bosetti and Vincenzo M. Sglavo

Particles bed binding by selective cement activation (SCA) method is a computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) technique used to produce cementitious elements. A computer-aided design…

684

Abstract

Purpose

Particles bed binding by selective cement activation (SCA) method is a computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) technique used to produce cementitious elements. A computer-aided design file is sliced to generate G-codes before printing. This paper aims to study the effect of key input parameters for slicer software on the final properties of printed products.

Design/methodology/approach

The one factor at a time (OFAT) methodology is used to investigate the impact of selected parameters on the final properties of printed specimens, and the causes for the variations in outcomes of each variable are discussed.

Findings

Finer aggregates can generate a more compact layer, resulting in a denser product with higher strength. Fluid pressure is directly determined by voxel rate (rV); however, high pressures enable better fluid penetration control for fortified products; for extreme rVs, residual voids in the interfaces between successive layers and single-line primitives impair mechanical strength. It was understood that printhead movement along the orientation of the parts in the powder bed improved the mechanical properties.

Originality/value

The design of experiment (DOE) method assesses the influence of process parameters on various input printing variables at the same time. As the resources are limited, a fractional factorial plan is carried out on a subset of a full factorial design; hence, providing physical interpretation behind changes in each factor is difficult. OFAT aids in analyzing the effect of a change in one factor on output while all other parameters are kept constant. The results assist engineers in properly considering the influence of variable variations for future DOE designs.

Details

Rapid Prototyping Journal, vol. 29 no. 11
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2546

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 17 March 2020

Andrea Valagussa, Paolo Frattini, Giovanni Battista Crosta, Daniele Spizzichino, Gabriele Leoni and Claudio Margottini

Aim of this paper is to evaluate the reliability of UNESCO Periodic Reports for the assessment of hazards affecting the UNESCO world heritage sites (WHSs) and to rank the most…

1374

Abstract

Purpose

Aim of this paper is to evaluate the reliability of UNESCO Periodic Reports for the assessment of hazards affecting the UNESCO world heritage sites (WHSs) and to rank the most critical WHSs in Europe through multicriteria analysis.

Design/methodology/approach

The Periodic Reports represent the available continental-scale knowledge on hazards that threaten the WHSs in Europe and include 13 different natural threats. The information included in these reports has been first validated with high-quality data available in Italy for volcanoes, landslides, and earthquakes. Starting from the Periodic Reports, a multicriteria hazard analysis has been developed by using the analytical hierarchy procedure (AHP) approach. This analysis allows to identify and to rank the most critical WHSs at the European scale.

Findings

The data provided by Periodic Reports are demonstrated to be a good starting point for a continental-scale analysis of the actual distribution of natural threats affecting WHSs in Europe. The Periodic Reports appear to be reliable enough for a first-order assessment of hazards. The general overview of the hazard at the European scale shows high value of hazard index in the Eastern Mediterranean area and Balkans, due to a combination of earthquakes and landslides. The most at danger cultural site is in Bosnia and Herzegovina, while the most at danger natural site is Norway.

Originality/value

The paper gives a contribution to improve the continental-scale knowledge on hazards affecting the UNESCO heritage sites. The assessment of hazard inside the WHSs is an important task for the preservation of cultural and natural heritage, and it is important for UNESCO to achieve some of its goals. Through this research, European WHSs have been ranked according to their degree of hazard.

Details

Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, vol. 10 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2044-1266

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 29 March 2022

Yuanhui Li, Yezen Kannan, Stephen Rau and Shuning Yang

The aim of this paper is to provide additional insights on the association between real earnings management (REM) and crash risk, particularly from the perspective of an emerging…

3706

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this paper is to provide additional insights on the association between real earnings management (REM) and crash risk, particularly from the perspective of an emerging market economy. It also examines the moderation role that internal and external corporate governance may play in this area.

Design/methodology/approach

Relying on archival data from the RESSET and CSMAR databases over a timeframe from 2010 to 2018 of China listed company, the authors test the hypotheses by regressing common measures of crash risk on the treatment variable (REM) and crash risk control variables identified in the prior crash risk literature. The authors also introduce monitoring proxies (internal controls as an internal governance and institutional ownership as an external governance) and assess how effective internal and external governance moderate the relation between REM and stock price crash risk.

Findings

The results suggest firms with higher REM have a significantly greater stock price crash risk, and that this association is mitigated by external monitoring. That is, greater institutional ownership, particularly pressure insensitive owners, mitigates the impact of REM on stock price crash risk. However, internal control does not mitigate the association between REM and stock price crash risk.

Originality/value

Following the passage of the Sarbanes–Oxley (SOX) Act, prior research has documented an increase in the use of REM and a positive association between REM and cash risk. The authors demonstrate that they persist in one of the largest emerging markets where institutional regulations, market conditions and corporate behaviors are different from those in developed markets. Also, the assessment of the moderation effect of internal and external governance mechanisms could have meaningful implications for investors and regulators in Chinese and other emerging markets.

Details

China Accounting and Finance Review, vol. 24 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1029-807X

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 17 February 2025

Md. Mamun Mia, Mohammad Abdur Rahman, Sayed Farrukh Ahmed, Mohammed Masum Iqbal and Md. Sabur Khan

This study pioneers examining the relationships between psychological factors, cognitive processes and entrepreneurial mindset to enhance an understanding of the underlying…

106

Abstract

Purpose

This study pioneers examining the relationships between psychological factors, cognitive processes and entrepreneurial mindset to enhance an understanding of the underlying mechanisms contributing to successful entrepreneurship.

Design/methodology/approach

Amos software applied a quantitative approach to analyze the fit indices for the hypothesized model, while SPSS conducted descriptive and factor analysis. Eventually, the primary survey technique was performed with quantitative research, collecting 413 numerical data through a structured, closed-ended Likert scale questionnaire delivered to the target respondents.

Findings

Results have shown that data analysis verifies the positive relationships between psychological factors and the entrepreneurial mindset (hypothesis H1) and cognitive processes and the entrepreneurial mindset (hypothesis H2). These findings contribute to understanding the mechanisms underpinning the entrepreneurial mindset and have implications for entrepreneurship development and support initiatives. The study findings also underscore the importance of understanding the covariance between psychology and cognition in the context of the entrepreneurial mindset – a complex and engaging aspect of the research that is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of entrepreneurship.

Research limitations/implications

It is important to note that the measuring tools used to evaluate these characteristics may have issues with common technique biases, self-report biases or limitations in fully reflecting their complexity. Awareness of these potential challenges is crucial for future research in this area.

Originality/value

This study's findings have significant practical implications for entrepreneurship training, education and policy-making initiatives. Their practicality will equip the reader with the necessary knowledge to succeed in entrepreneurship.

Details

Revista de Gestão, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1809-2276

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 30 July 2024

Wang Jijun, Zhang Huanxin, Shi Cheng and Wang Meng

Temperature is an important load for a ballastless track. However, little research has been conducted on the dynamic responses when a train travels on a ballastless track under…

155

Abstract

Purpose

Temperature is an important load for a ballastless track. However, little research has been conducted on the dynamic responses when a train travels on a ballastless track under the temperature gradient. The dynamic responses under different temperature gradients of the slab are theoretically investigated in this work.

Design/methodology/approach

Considering the moving train, the temperature gradient of the slab, and the gravity of the slab track, a dynamic model for a high-speed train that runs along the CRTS III slab track on subgrade is developed by a nonlinear coupled way in Abaqus.

Findings

The results are as follows: (1) The upward transmission of the periodic deformation of the slab causes periodic track irregularity. (2) Because of the geometric constraint of limiting structures, the maximum bending stresses of the slab occur near the end of the slab under positive temperature gradients, but in the middle of the slab under negative temperature gradients. (3) The periodic deformation of the slab can induce periodic changes in the interlayer stiffness and contact status, leading to a large vibration of the slab. Because of the vibration-reduction capacity of the fastener and the larger mass of the concrete base, the accelerations of both the slab and concrete base are far less than the acceleration of the rail.

Originality/value

This study reveals the influence mechanism of temperature gradient-induced periodic deformation in the dynamic responses of the train-track system, and it also provides a guide for the safe service of CRTS III slab track.

Details

Railway Sciences, vol. 3 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2755-0907

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 21 March 2024

Warisa Thangjai and Sa-Aat Niwitpong

Confidence intervals play a crucial role in economics and finance, providing a credible range of values for an unknown parameter along with a corresponding level of certainty…

351

Abstract

Purpose

Confidence intervals play a crucial role in economics and finance, providing a credible range of values for an unknown parameter along with a corresponding level of certainty. Their applications encompass economic forecasting, market research, financial forecasting, econometric analysis, policy analysis, financial reporting, investment decision-making, credit risk assessment and consumer confidence surveys. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) finds applications in economics and finance across various domains such as economic forecasting, financial modeling, market analysis and risk assessment. A high SNR indicates a robust and dependable signal, simplifying the process of making well-informed decisions. On the other hand, a low SNR indicates a weak signal that could be obscured by noise, so decision-making procedures need to take this into serious consideration. This research focuses on the development of confidence intervals for functions derived from the SNR and explores their application in the fields of economics and finance.

Design/methodology/approach

The construction of the confidence intervals involved the application of various methodologies. For the SNR, confidence intervals were formed using the generalized confidence interval (GCI), large sample and Bayesian approaches. The difference between SNRs was estimated through the GCI, large sample, method of variance estimates recovery (MOVER), parametric bootstrap and Bayesian approaches. Additionally, confidence intervals for the common SNR were constructed using the GCI, adjusted MOVER, computational and Bayesian approaches. The performance of these confidence intervals was assessed using coverage probability and average length, evaluated through Monte Carlo simulation.

Findings

The GCI approach demonstrated superior performance over other approaches in terms of both coverage probability and average length for the SNR and the difference between SNRs. Hence, employing the GCI approach is advised for constructing confidence intervals for these parameters. As for the common SNR, the Bayesian approach exhibited the shortest average length. Consequently, the Bayesian approach is recommended for constructing confidence intervals for the common SNR.

Originality/value

This research presents confidence intervals for functions of the SNR to assess SNR estimation in the fields of economics and finance.

Details

Asian Journal of Economics and Banking, vol. 8 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2615-9821

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 7 February 2023

Jiale Zhang, Farzana Quoquab and Jihad Mohammad

This study aims to present a comprehensive knowledge mapping and an in-depth analysis of plastic and sustainability research to understand better global trends and directions in…

7039

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to present a comprehensive knowledge mapping and an in-depth analysis of plastic and sustainability research to understand better global trends and directions in this field that emerged between 1995 and 2022.

Design/methodology/approach

This study presents a visual analysis of 1933 research articles listed in the Web of Science (WoS) databases between the years 1995 and 2022 related to plastic and sustainability. The knowledge mapping based on CiteSpace and VOSviewer presents the current research status, which contains the analysis of the collaboration network, co-citation network, references with citation bursts and keyword analysis.

Findings

The results reveal that China and the USA are the most prominent countries in exploring the notion of sustainability and plastic. The Chinese Academy of Science is the most prominent institution. Chai Qiang, Friedrich Daniel, Sahajwalla Veena and Ok Yong Sik are the most prolific authors in this field. Furthermore, circular economy, bioplastic, sustainable development, polyester and bioplastics are the highly discussed issues in recent years. Not surprisingly, COVID-19 is the latest topic of discussion started in 2021 due to its negative impact on plastic pollution and the challenges it posed to sustainability.

Originality/value

This study is among the pioneers to shed light on the current research status of plastic and sustainability using the bibliometric method and the newest data. This study also suggests that collaborations between scholars and institutions require to be enhanced for better management of plastic pollution and to contribute to sustainable development.

Details

Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific Research, vol. 42 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1985-9899

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 3 October 2023

Fahad Khalid, Khwaja Naveed, Cosmina Lelia Voinea, Petru L. Curseu and Sun Xinhui

Given the regional diversity in China, this study aims to provide an empirical evaluation of how organizational stakeholders (i.e. customers, employees, suppliers and…

555

Abstract

Purpose

Given the regional diversity in China, this study aims to provide an empirical evaluation of how organizational stakeholders (i.e. customers, employees, suppliers and shareholders) affect corporate environmental sustainability investment (ESI).

Design/methodology/approach

To empirically investigate the influence of organizational stakeholders on ESI, this study used regional-level data consists of Chinese A-share stocks for the years 2009–2019.

Findings

This study’s findings show that pressure from customers, employees and suppliers has a significant effect on corporate ESI, with customers being the most important stakeholder group. Shareholders, by contrast, have no significant influence on ESI. The influence of these pressures is more pronounced in developed regions (the east) than in less developed (the west) localities of China.

Research limitations/implications

This study complements the stakeholder–institutional perspective by implying to consider the differentiated logics of the contesting stakeholders in the nonmarket operations.

Practical implications

Practically, this study poses that managers must realize the heterogeneity of pressures from stakeholders and the differentiated impact of these pressures keeping in view the institutional differences in different regions.

Originality/value

Our study reports initial empirical evidence that shows how regional differences influence the role of stakeholders in determining corporate environmental strategy.

Details

Society and Business Review, vol. 19 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1746-5680

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 14 May 2024

Yuyu Sun, Yuchen Zhang and Zhiguo Zhao

Considering the impact of the Free Trade Zone (FTZ) policy on forecasting the port cargo throughput, this paper constructs a fractional grey multivariate forecasting model to…

208

Abstract

Purpose

Considering the impact of the Free Trade Zone (FTZ) policy on forecasting the port cargo throughput, this paper constructs a fractional grey multivariate forecasting model to improve the prediction accuracy of port cargo throughput and realize the coordinated development of FTZ policymaking and port construction.

Design/methodology/approach

Considering the effects of data randomization, this paper proposes a novel self-adaptive grey multivariate prediction model, namely FDCGM(1,N). First, fractional-order accumulative generation operation (AGO) is introduced, which integrates the policy impact effect. Second, the heuristic grey wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm is used to determine the optimal nonlinear parameters. Finally, the novel model is then applied to port scale simulation and forecasting in Tianjin and Fujian where FTZs are situated and compared with three other grey models and two machine learning models.

Findings

In the Tianjin and Fujian cases, the new model outperforms the other comparison models, with the least mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) values of 6.07% and 4.16% in the simulation phase, and 6.70% and 1.63% in the forecasting phase, respectively. The results of the comparative analysis find that after the constitution of the FTZs, Tianjin’s port cargo throughput has shown a slow growth trend, and Fujian’s port cargo throughput has exhibited rapid growth. Further, the port cargo throughput of Tianjin and Fujian will maintain a growing trend in the next four years.

Practical implications

The new multivariable grey model can effectively reduce the impact of data randomness on forecasting. Meanwhile, FTZ policy has regional heterogeneity in port development, and the government can take different measures to improve the development of ports.

Originality/value

Under the background of FTZ policy, the new multivariable model can be used to achieve accurate prediction, which is conducive to determining the direction of port development and planning the port layout.

Details

Marine Economics and Management, vol. 7 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2516-158X

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 2 March 2023

Anna-Karina Schmitz, Tim Oliver Brexendorf and Martin Fassnacht

Vertical line extension is an attractive growth strategy that allows brands to address heterogeneous consumer needs and react to competitive pressure. The purpose of this paper is…

3052

Abstract

Purpose

Vertical line extension is an attractive growth strategy that allows brands to address heterogeneous consumer needs and react to competitive pressure. The purpose of this paper is to systematically review and summarize vertical line extension research to derive general insights into vertical upward and downward line extension.

Design/methodology/approach

Drawing on a systematic review of 536 academic articles and predefined inclusion criteria, this research identifies and evaluates all articles that add knowledge to the topic of vertical line extension (n = 64).

Findings

This research derives general insights in several vertical line extension-specific issues. Different forms of vertical line extension, conceptual differences between upward and downward extensions, as well as the role of perceived fit, extension degree and the parent brand are crucial for the study and evaluation of extension and parent brand feedback effects. Those effects are complex and often work in opposing directions not only for the parent brand but also for the extension. Future research needs to face that complexity as well as methodological issues and different research contexts to further advance the literature stream.

Originality/value

This paper provides a comprehensive, state-of-the-art review of vertical line extension research characteristics and results. It provides new insights on the characteristics and effects of vertical line extensions and guides future research on the topic.

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