Amaia Maseda, Txomin Iturralde, Gloria Aparicio, Lotfi Boulkeroua and Sarah Cooper
In order to deepen our knowledge of governance of family firms, the purpose of this paper is to focus our attention on the relation between family owners who are members of the…
Abstract
Purpose
In order to deepen our knowledge of governance of family firms, the purpose of this paper is to focus our attention on the relation between family owners who are members of the board of directors and firm performance. Also, this study sheds more light on how the generation in charge of the family firm affects that relationship, as generational involvement may be a unique predictor of governance behavior in these firms.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors applied a cross-sectional ordinary least squares regression model to test the hypotheses on a sample of 313 non-listed Spanish family SMEs. The authors suggest the possibility of a non-linear relationship between the percentage of ownership by family members of the board of directors and firm performance, and specifically, the authors propose an S-shaped effect that implies two breakpoints.
Findings
The authors find not only that an inverted U-shaped relationship exists, but also an S-shaped relationship between family board members’ ownership and firm performance in family SMEs. Nevertheless, the results are different in comparing first-, second- and later-generation family firms.
Originality/value
This is one of the few empirical studies that examine the relationship between family board ownership and firm performance in the context of non-listed family SMEs. The authors consider that the influences of family directors on the board of directors as well as the concentration of family ownership on the board of directors are worth studying in non-listed family SMEs. Moreover, previous studies have focused mainly on large listed family firms but not on unlisted ones.
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Kunthi Afrilinda Kusumawardani, Hanif Adinugroho Widyanto and Jessica Eva Gloria Tambunan
The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors influencing intention to continue using and spreading the word of mouth for e-commerce applications in the gamification…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors influencing intention to continue using and spreading the word of mouth for e-commerce applications in the gamification context.
Design/methodology/approach
Using primary data from an online questionnaire, 219 users of e-commerce applications who played games on e-commerce platforms were gathered as the sample of the research and analysed using structural equation modelling.
Findings
The results showed that network exposure from gamification significantly influenced social influence, recognition and reciprocal benefit. However, only social influence and utilitarian shaped attitudes, leading to the intention to continue using the e-commerce platform and spread word of mouth. Recognition, reciprocal benefit and hedonic shopping motivation were not found to significantly influence attitude.
Practical implications
This study provides practical recommendations for e-commerce applications in implementing gamification into their platforms.
Originality/value
This study delivers a better understanding of the implementation of gamification in e-commerce by examining the in-game social interactions and the shopping behaviour in e-commerce to continue using the platform and spread the word of mouth about the gamification method.