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It is generally agreed that sport development in South Korea has shown a stepwise process of its policy sector formation from elite sport, sport for all, sport industry, and school sport since the 1960s. This chapter aims to examine the historical and institutional features of sport development in South Korea. The primary focus is given to developing conceptual understandings of the identified features of sport development since the governmental involvement in sport development was initiated in the early 1960s. The organizing aspects of national sport policy are strategically investigated to provide analytical resources for mapping the historical and institutional features of sport development. The notion of policy paradigm is utilized to articulate a series of stepwise formation of sport policy subfields. Finally, paradigm shifts in sport policy are discussed for their congruence with the nation's broader political and economic contexts: industrialization, democratization, and globalization.