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Children are beginning to socialize as consumers earlier than ever, highlighting the importance of their saving behavior as an effective form of consumer protection. The paper explored the influence of parents, peers, attitudes, knowledge, past behavior, allowance and self-efficacy on saving intention.

With the aim to explore a range of determinants of adolescent saving and to specify the potential mechanisms through which different determinants operate, we adopted a multitheoretical approach based on theories of planned behavior, consumer and financial socialization, and self-efficacy. The paper investigates the formation of the saving intentions on a sample of 1,476 children 10–15 years old in Croatia.

The results indicate strong importance of parental influence and self-efficacy, implying that saving intention among tweens requires a supportive family structure as well as beliefs in the tweens themselves that they are able to save money and face difficulties.

This paper investigates the very nature of saving intention formation at a crucial developmental stage; it investigates the interplay of mechanisms through which determinants of savings operate at that developmental stage; and it explores the age-variance of the mechanism and the interplay of relevant variables, shedding light on the nature of the mechanism of development.

There are various uncertain and nonlinear problems in hydraulic legged robot systems, including parameter uncertainty, unmodeled dynamics and external disturbances. This study aims to eliminate uncertainties and improve the foot trajectory tracking control performance of hydraulic legged robots, a high-performance foot trajectory tracking control method based on fixed-time disturbance observers for hydraulic legged robots is proposed.

First, the robot leg mechanical system model and hydraulic system model of the hydraulic legged robot are established. Subsequently, two fixed-time disturbance observers are designed to address the unmatched lumped uncertainty and match lumped uncertainty in the system. Finally, the lumped uncertainties are compensated in the controller design, and the designed motion controller also achieves fixed-time stability.

Through simulation and experiments, it can be found that the proposed tracking control method based on fixed-time observers has better tracking control performance. The effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method have been verified.

Both the disturbance observers and the controller achieve fixed-time stability, effectively improving the performance of foot trajectory tracking control for hydraulic legged robots.

The purpose of this study to investigate the high temperature tribological performances of CrN and CrAlN coatings on AISI H13 steel, which was beneficial to improve the wear resistance of hot work molds.

Arc ion plating was used to deposit the CrN and CrAlN coatings on AISI H13 steel, and the tribological performances of CrN and CrAlN coatings were evaluated using a ball-on-plate wear tester.

The average coefficients of friction and wear rate of CrAlN coating in the normal wear period are 0.33 and 5.34 × 10^–9 mm³·N^–1·mm^–1, respectively, which are lower than those of CrN coating, exhibiting that the outstanding friction reduction. The formations of Cr and Al oxides during the wear process are the main factor in enhancing the tribological performance of CrAlN coating.

CrN and CrAlN coatings were applied for hot work molds, and their tribological performances were comparatively investigated.

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-09-2024-0359/