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We use data from millions of online job postings to construct monthly estimates of annual growth in advertised wages in the US, UK, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, and Spain from 2019 to 2022. The resulting wage growth tracker is a source of timely and forward-looking data on the wages of the marginal worker and serves as a useful leading indicator of momentum in wage dynamics. We show that the online job postings data benchmarks well against official sources on job vacancies, new hires, and wage levels. In both Europe and the US, growth in advertised wages accelerated sharply after the pandemic. Granular data shows a heterogeneous pattern of post-pandemic wage growth, with lower-paid jobs experiencing stronger wage growth in most of the countries in our sample. We attribute this to stronger labor demand for lower-paid jobs coming out of the pandemic.

This study illustrates the economic and financial dynamics of the sector, analysing the evolution of the main ratios of profitability and financial structure of 1,559 Italian real estate companies divided into the three macro-regions: North, Centre and South, in the period 2011–2020. In this way, it is also possible to verify the responsiveness to the 2020 pandemic crisis.

The analysis uses descriptive statistics tools and the ANOVA method of analysis of variance, supplemented by the Tukey–Kramer test, to identify significant differences between the three Italian macro-regions.

The study shows the increase in profitability after the 2008 crisis, despite its reverberation in the years 2012–2013. The financial structure of companies improved almost everywhere. The pandemic had modest effects on performance.

In the future, other indices should be considered to gain a more comprehensive view. This is a quantitative study based on financial statements data that neglects other important economic and social factors.

Public policies could use this study for better interventions to support the sector. In addition, internal management can compare their company's performance with the industry average to identify possible improvements.

The research analyses an economic field that employs a large number of people, especially when considering the construction and real estate services covered by this analysis.

The study contributes to the literature by providing a quantitative analysis of industry dynamics, with comparative information that can be deduced from financial statements over the years.