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This manuscript attempts to provide answers regarding questions such as whether or not it is legitimate to describe and characterise humanoid robots as legal entities and individuals. The purpose of this paper is an attempt to answer this question using philosophical principles.

This manuscript uses text analysis to investigate answers to this question by examining thoughts put forth by respected theorists, classical philosophers, and psychologists.

The text dives further into the concept that artificial intelligence (AI) systems deserve to have their own unique identities, highlighting the significance of building a relationship with them that is meaningful. This is due to the fact that, just as every star in the sky at night radiates with its own special brightness, our AI counterparts should likewise vibrate with individuality. This will allow them to build connections that shed light on the human experience that we all share.

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that AI robots are not only lifeless things but rather the result of humans directing their psychological resources into something significant. This is a significant and innovative endeavour. This activity is noteworthy because it extends beyond individuals’ immediate surroundings.

This study aims to assess the impact of academic audit, a quality assurance tool in higher educational institutions. It explores the relationship between the effective use of academic audits and the institutions’ quality performance, as indicated by their accreditation score.

Using a questionnaire, the authors checked whether colleges across India effectively used academic audits and the key challenges in conducting the audit. A sample of 428 was drawn from a population of 6,201 colleges. The challenges in conducting academic audits, mostly operational, were grounded in literature and measured using a five-point Likert scale. Regression analysis and a t-test were used to test the two hypotheses.

The effective use of academic audits significantly influences the quality of the colleges measured by the accreditation score. Findings show that ineffective implementation of academic audits leads to mediocre accreditation performance. Simultaneously, the colleges face several challenges in implementing academic audits.

This novel attempt examines the relationship between academic audit and accreditation performance. Through this unique study, the authors make a case for using academic audits by higher educational institutions adopting accreditation as a quality strategy. The research unfolds the significant value that academic audit holds for facilitating accreditation.

Fused filament fabrication (FFF) is a widely used 3D printing technique for the fabrication of mechanical metamaterials with intricate geometries. Gradient strategy is applied to geometric parameters of gradient star re-entrant hybrid auxetic (GSRA) structure. Deformation behaviour is studied under compressive loading. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of gradient geometric parameters on mechanical properties, namely, specific strength (SS), specific modulus (SM) and specific energy absorption (SEA).

Response surface methodology (RSM) is implemented for the design of experiments of gradient geometric parameters to minimize the number of experimental tests. Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene material is used for the fabrication of GSRA structures by FFF technique. The best set of gradient parameters has been optimized maximizing all three responses using RSM and artificial neural network optimization technique.

During compressive testing, row-wise deformation is observed with two-stage plateau regions, which results in increase in SEA of the structure. Furthermore, based on analysis of variance and 3D response plots, it is found that height gradient is the most influencing gradient geometric parameter on SS and SM, whereas the wall thickness gradient has maximum influence on SEA. Meanwhile, the interaction effect of wall thickness gradient and height gradient has maximum influence on SS, SM and SEA.

This study of applying gradient strategy to geometric parameters is limited to GSRA structure under compressive loading. In addition, findings are valid within the selected range of gradient geometric parameters. These findings are useful for the selection of gradient geometric parameters to maximize SS, SM and SEA of GSRA structure simultaneously. These outcomes pave the way for designing light-weight gradient hybrid auxetic structures in the field of construction, aerospace, automobile and biomedical engineering.

Limited experimental study is available on investigating the influence of gradient geometric parameters on mechanical properties, namely, SS, SM and SEA, and deformation behaviours of hybrid auxetic structures. This study directly addresses the above research gaps.