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The purpose of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of the selection criteria used in preincubation programs. Particular focus has been placed on examining the exclusive and inclusive nature of these criteria, and how they relate to both egalitarian and utilitarian considerations.

The study used two data sources: archival available online data and semi-structured interviews. Forty-nine preincubation programs were examined, with 19 representatives interviewed. The data was analyzed using content analysis to understand the access and selection criteria applied at the preincubation stage.

The goals of preincubation programs vary, including developing students’ competencies, creating new companies or achieving the goals of the corporation that sponsored the program. preincubation programs use three levels of selection criteria, including entry criteria, the potential of the submitted idea and team and the personal characteristics and competencies of the applicants. The entry criteria varied across programs, with some programs being open only to university employees and students, while others were open to the public. The study found that the majority of preincubation programs used a combination of both egalitarian and utilitarian motivations in their selection criteria.

The criteria used to evaluate applications flowing into preincubation should be strongly related to the goals that preincubation is supposed to achieve. It is essential to consider that, contrary to previous knowledge, this process is not only aimed at supporting the creation of new businesses.

To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study that analyzes the approach to selection criteria in preincubation programs with such diverse goals and in different countries as well as expanding the understanding of the criteria used at different stages of the incubation process and relating to the inclusiveness in entrepreneurship.

This study quantitatively investigates the impacts of digital and learning orientations on supply chain resilience (SCR) and firm performance (FP), aiming to fill the gaps in understanding their specific impacts in the context of Industry 4.0 developments and supply chain disruptions.

This study utilized survey techniques and structural equation modelling (SEM) to gather and analyse data through a questionnaire based on a seven-point Likert scale. Hypotheses were formulated based on an extensive literature review and tested using Amos software.

The study confirms SCR’s significant impact on FP, aligning with existing research on resilience’s role in organizational competitiveness. This study uncovers the nuanced impacts of digital and learning orientations on SCR and FP. Internal digital orientation (DOI) positively impacts SCR, while external digital orientation (DOE) does not. Specific dimensions of learning orientation – shared vision (LOS), open-mindedness (LOO) and intraorganizational knowledge sharing (LOI) – enhance SCR, while commitment to learning (LOC) does not. SCR mediates the relationship between DOI and FP but not between DOE and FP.

This research focuses on digital and learning orientations, recommending that future studies investigate other strategic orientations and examine the specific contributions of various digital technologies to SCR across diverse contexts.

The empirical findings emphasize the significance of developing internal digital capabilities and specific learning orientations to enhance SCR and FP, aligning these initiatives with resilience strategies.

This study advances knowledge by distinguishing the impacts of internal and external digital orientations and specific learning dimensions on SCR and FP, offering nuanced insights and empirical validation.

The advent of a dynamic and uncertain environment has shifted organizational focus from reactive to proactive approaches to develop resilience against disruptions. Organizations can strengthen their supply chain networks through strategic changes in structure and processes. In this connection, this study explores the extant literature on supply chain resilience (SCRE) concerning soft organizational factors (leadership, organizational culture and knowledge management) to analyse recent trends in this domain and propose future research directions.

It is a bibliometric analysis and systematic literature review of research articles from 2004 to 2024, collected from ISI Web of Science with keywords searches such as “knowledge management and supply chain resilience,” “leadership and supply chain resilience” and “organizational culture and supply chain resilience.” “VOS viewer” and “ATLAS.ti” were utilized for the co-occurrence and co-authorship analysis of the articles along with focusing on aspects such as theoretical and practical implications, the collaboration institutions and the countries involved in relation to the topic of interest.

The review shows that the development of studies on SCRE was slow from 2004 to 2015 but grew significantly from 2015 onwards and rose exponentially after 2020. Most studies were published in 2023. Results reveal the development of proactive strategies for SCRE in the recent literature by focusing on organizational factors. The study highlights exploring the contextual interplay between environmental, social and governance (ESG) and soft organizational factors for mitigation of supply chain risk and resilience in large-scale projects.

The COVID-19 pandemic became the precursor to highlighting the antecedents of SCRE, but the study of soft organizational drivers is still an ongoing area of research. There is a need to map the nascent literature on the link between organizational soft drivers and SCRE.

This research aims to investigate the interplay between flexibilities and strategic orientations in the context of supply chain agility (SCA), particularly in the medical equipment supply chain. The study seeks to identify key internal and external flexibility factors, along with the firm’s strategic orientations, and understand why and how these factors are interrelated and contribute to the development or enhancement of SCA.

The study adopts an inductive exploratory multiple case study design to empirically identify and examine the underlying flexibility and strategic orientation factors and their link to SCA. Data collection tools included semi-structured interviews and access to key company documentation and archives from six major medical equipment suppliers in Jordan.

The research findings lead to the proposal of an emerging theoretical model describing the nature of relationships among internal/external flexibility factors, strategic orientations and SCA, with underlying research propositions that can later be subjected to deductive testing and empirical quantitative validation.

This research advances the theoretical understanding of SCA by investigating its strategic antecedents, including various orientations and their direct and indirect effects. Second, it provides a comprehensive insight into the combined impact of internal and external flexibilities on SCA, an aspect relatively underexplored in previous literature.

Outsourcing and offshoring practices have introduced a high level of complexity into operations and supply chains, involving suppliers and manufacturers from various locations to deliver value to final customers within an integrated information-sharing system such as enterprise resource planning (ERP). Such supply chains have been facing more cyberattacks, a ubiquitous problem and danger to businesses worldwide. Therefore, the research objective addresses these research questions: “What is the role of complexity in building cyber-resilience in supply chains? What is the role of ERP in complex supply chains?”

This paper proposes a research model that is empirically tested along with robustness tests such as endogeneity. To provide empirical data, this paper focused on supply chain relationships as the unit of analysis. The sample is selected from the USA employee population with experience in operations management and information technologies.

The findings indicate that ERP systems assist supply chains in reducing the adverse effects of downstream complexity on the efficacy of information sharing within secure systems for creating cyber resilience. Moreover, theoretical development showed that the more complex the supply chains are, the harder it is to create rents.

The findings underscore the importance of implementing cybersecurity frameworks such as ISO 27001, as well as regular training to mitigate threats such as phishing and social engineering. Despite the initial costs, such investments are vital for minimizing potential losses from breaches, which are estimated to cost around $4m on average globally.

This research reveals the social impacts of supply chain cyber resilience through ERP systems, which emphasize the protection of consumer data, job security and public confidence. Cyber resilience and ERP systems help shield against data breaches, preserving privacy, preventing job losses and maintaining trust between people and industrial sectors.

The contribution is to propose the moderated moderating role of ERP in cyber resilience. This paper investigates the interaction effects of ERP and downstream complexity on the relationship between information sharing and cyber resilience. Moreover, this paper develops the relational view to consider the influential impacts of complexity in creating rents.

The purpose of this study is to investigate and develop capabilities to make supply chains resilient using qualitative analysis of fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) industry located in India. In particular, authors aim to propose a framework to make supply chains resilient by infusing artificial intelligence (AI).

The authors acquired supportive data by conducting semi-structured interviews with 25 FMCG supply chain professionals during 2023. Using open, axial and selective coding approaches, the authors mapped and discovered the themes that constitute the essential elements of AI-enabled supply chain resilience.

The research findings reveal that supply chain capabilities are useful for mitigating the disruptions impact when infused with AI. The authors’ analysis underscore four principal domains in which AI is poised to enhance the resilience of supply chains. This study delves into four key capabilities of interest, namely: Routing Optimization, Efficiency, Periodic Monitoring and Demand Forecasting. The result of this study is the proposed framework which shows the impact of different AI-powered capabilities on supply chain which builds resilient supply chains.

Infusing AI to different supply chain capabilities appears to be a successful way for making FMCG supply chains resilient. Only the supply chain capabilities cannot overcome the impact of disruptions, but the use of AI helps professionals and policymakers to better respond to disruptions.

Few studies demonstrate the impact of advanced technology in building resilient supply chains. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no earlier researcher has attempted to infuse AI into supply chain capabilities to make them resilient with empirical studies with the theoretical framework of Dynamic Capability View (DCV).

The study aims to identify the central paradoxical tensions existing in developing resilience in organisations. The main thrust of this study is to develop a thorough understanding of diverse conflicting tensions in building resilience and develop the possible strategies to surmount these tensions.

Using the case study approach, the study applied theory-elaboration strategy as this study is based on well-established literature from both digitalisation and resilience. The study uses the paradox theory lens in a case study to reconcile both theories with contextual idiosyncrasies.

The paradox theory lens provides perspectives to understand tensions during resilience development and the role of digital transformation in this process. It assesses the potential solutions for surmounting tensions in resilient operations. The mapping of workable solutions with different paradoxes and propositions has been proposed for future empirical research.

The study suggests that practitioners should not consider resilience and sustainability as mutually exclusive; instead, managers must embrace ongoing tensions to bring solutions to address these two essential organisational priorities.

To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first empirical study that applies paradox theory to understand how an organisation can build resilience while confronting several paradoxes. The study findings support that resilience practices can move in tandem with environmental sustainability goals rather than being usually mutually exclusive.

Although the literature on modern slavery (MS) is continually increasing, there remains a paucity of theory-driven research. Hence, this study aims to develop a multitheoretical framework and research agenda for MS.

This study comprised two steps. First, it reviews the literature on supply chain (SC) social sustainability to identify the typically used theories. Six of them were selected for this study: institutional, stakeholder, resource-based, resource dependence, principal agent and transaction cost economics theories. Second, it conducts a systematic literature review using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines to analyze relevant literature on social issues in SCs, and thematically synthesizes the findings. The six theoretical perspectives and key themes that emerged from the literature were used to develop future research directions (RDs) for MS.

This study develops a multitheoretical framework and research agenda comprising 20 theory-driven RDs for MS, focusing on the environmental, firm and transaction levels.

This study provides a reference for future MS research. Although the study used only six theories, future studies can develop further research agendas for MS based on diverse theories.

Practitioners can use this framework to understand MS from varied perspectives and identify and mitigate MS risks in SCs.

To the best of the author’s knowledge, this study presents the first comprehensive and theoretically grounded research agenda that positions MS research onto a stronger theoretical foundation.

Diversity – or having a range of different options – is an important part of being resilient. Yet research has not considered how diversity in terms of the governance relationship types that exist within a supply base or across a supply network relates to resilience. By drawing on a well-established global value chain (GVC) governance framework, this paper aims to investigate how different relationship governance types influence resilience at the dyadic and supply network level.

This research draws on 27 embedded cases of buyer-supplier relationships within a network, studied through 20 interviews in 11 organizations across four tiers of the Australian Defence Force supply network, including the end customer perspective, during and after a large-scale supply chain (SC) disruption. Analysis is conducted at the individual dyad and aggregated network levels.

At the dyadic buyer-supplier level, a variety of different resilience strategies and practices are used across the relationship governance types. Consequently, at the network level, relationships characterized by market and relational governance created more vulnerabilities during COVID-19 than hierarchical and modular governance relationships.

The GVC framework is extended to the SC domain, providing a deeper understanding of how GVC governance types in SC relationships relate to resilience strategies at the dyadic and network levels. Given that different governance relationships draw on different resilience strategies, diversity in governance relationships helps enhance overall resilience. Meanwhile, the findings show that resilience requires relational aspects to be considered alongside economic aspects of the GVC.