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The purpose of this paper is to investigate (1) whether the public health expenditure rises as the gross state domestic product (GSDP) increases and (2) whether the infant mortality rate (IMR) reduces as public health expenditure increases.

For this investigation, the author collected a time series of data on public health spending and IMRs for an Indian state and applied regression, stationarity, cointegration and causality tests. The author also compared the relative performance of selected Indian states.

The author found that none of the Indian states did equally well in reducing the infant mortality rate (IMR). As GSDP rises, the public expenditure on health rises, however, this increase in public health expenditures does not cause a reduction in the IMR. The cointegration and causality test results validated it.

The author recommends that policymakers must shift their focus from merely increasing government health expenditure to efficiently utilising allocated funds and removing the administrative bottlenecks. Also, an equitable health financing system that addresses existing disparities in the healthcare delivery system should be ensured.

Researchers and policymakers have debated the role of public health spending in achieving Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3 targets. The paper proves that there exists no long-term relationship between public health spending and IMR.

The purpose of this study is to assess the significance of employee work flexibility and the policy of the organization for survival during any crisis. This study also investigates the moderating role of leadership support (LS) during such turbulent conditions.

This study has used literature from the fields of organization performance, human resources and organization policy (OP), along with the theories of resource-based view (RBV) and dynamic capability view (DCV) to develop a conceptual model. Later, the conceptual model is validated using the structural equation modeling technique. The study used a survey method with a sample of 311 participants. These participants are employed as human resource managers (HRM) and other supportive workforce at different levels in the organizations.

The study shows that innovativeness and employee flexibility (EFL) are critical toward organizations’ survival during any crisis. Also, the study highlights the importance of OP and LS for the survival of organizations during and after any turbulent condition.

This study provides valuable inputs to the leadership teams of organizations, especially HRM. This research also provides food for thought for policymakers and researchers in the field of organizational performance. This study also contributes to the overall body of literature on organization analysis and extends the literature on RBV and DCV.

The study adds value to the overall body of literature on organization performance and capabilities along with human resource management. Few studies have nurtured issues on EFL during turbulent conditions. Also, there are limited studies in the areas of OP such as favorable and unfavorable policies toward employees. Thus, this study can be considered unique. Moreover, the study investigates the moderating role of LS which adds value toward the body of literature on organizational leadership capability.