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Book part
Publication date: 19 February 2025

Gabrielle Durepos and Amy Thurlow

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Archival Research in Historical Organisation Studies: Theorising Silences
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80382-134-4

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Book part
Publication date: 19 February 2025

Trisha A. Swed

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Ecosystems of Youth Leadership Development
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83662-335-9

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Article
Publication date: 1 August 2024

Md Shamim Hossain, Md Zahidul Islam, Md. Sobhan Ali, Md. Safiuddin, Chui Ching Ling and Chorng Yuan Fung

This study examines the moderating role of female directors on the relationship between the firms’ characteristics and tax avoidance in an emerging economy.

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Abstract

Purpose

This study examines the moderating role of female directors on the relationship between the firms’ characteristics and tax avoidance in an emerging economy.

Design/methodology/approach

This study employs the second-generation unit root test and the generalised method of moments (GMM) techniques. The Kao residual cointegration test corroborates a long-run cointegration among variables.

Findings

Female directors demonstrate mixed and unusual findings. No significant impact of female directors on tax avoidance is found. In addition, the presence of female directors does not show any negative or significant moderating impacts on the relationship between leverage, firm age, board size and tax avoidance. However, having more female directors can negatively and significantly moderate the relationship between more profitable firms, larger firms and tax avoidance. These findings show that the board of directors could use the presence of female directors to maximise their opportunistic behaviour, such as to avoid tax.

Research limitations/implications

Research limitations – The study is limited by considering only 62 listed firms. The scope could be extended to include non-listed firms.

Practical implications

Research implications – There is increasing pressure for female directors on boards from diverse stakeholders, such as the European Commission, national governments, politicians, employer lobby groups, shareholders, and Fortune and Financial Times Stock Exchange (FTSE) rankings. This study provides input to decision-makers putting gender quota laws into practice. Our findings can help policy-makers adopt regulatory reforms to control tax avoidance practices and enhance organisational legitimacy. Policymakers can change their policy to include female directors up to the threshold suggested by the critical mass theory.

Originality/value

This is the first attempt in Bangladesh to explore the role of female directors in the relationship between the firms' characteristics and tax avoidance. The current study has significant ramifications for bringing gender diversity into practice as a component of good corporate governance.

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Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration, vol. 17 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1757-4323

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Book part
Publication date: 29 January 2025

Rhoda Olkin

In this chapter, the author makes the case for how disability affects a family and, therefore, that clinicians should adopt a wider lens when providing treatment to disabled

Abstract

In this chapter, the author makes the case for how disability affects a family and, therefore, that clinicians should adopt a wider lens when providing treatment to disabled clients. In the review of research findings on disability in the family, there are three parts: (a) models of disability, (b) disabled children, and (c) disabled adults. In the next section, the author presents ideas from medical family therapy (MFT) and discusses family systems models that provide a structure for thinking about a family’s response to disability in any of its members. Brief case examples throughout the chapter illustrate how families are involved in an individual member’s disability. Implications for clinicians include knowing the core tenets and common factors of family systems therapy; familiarity with disability affirmative therapy; attention to the reality of microaggressions and courtesy stigma; comfort with disability topics such as pain, fatigue, and sexuality; having an accessible practice; thinking systemically; and the ability to hold all the parts of the family and the disability in one place.

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Disability and the Family: Challenges, Resources, and Resilience
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83797-592-1

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Book part
Publication date: 31 January 2025

Axel van den Berg and Emre Amasyalı

Since its introduction by Anthony Giddens in the early 1980s, the use of the concept of “agency” as a way to accommodate an irreducible element of voluntarism into sociological…

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Since its introduction by Anthony Giddens in the early 1980s, the use of the concept of “agency” as a way to accommodate an irreducible element of voluntarism into sociological explanations has grown exponentially in the literature. In this chapter, we examine the most prominent theoretical justifications for adopting the notion of “agency” as an integral part of such explanations. We distinguish three broad sets of justifications: the meaningfulness/intentionality of social action, the need for “agency” to explain change in social structures, and the link between agency, social accountability, and human dignity. We find that none of these provides a convincing rationale for the analytical utility of agency. This raises the question of what work it actually does perform in the sociological literature.

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Book part
Publication date: 17 February 2025

Pham Duc Chính, Yen Nguyen Thi and Ma Thi Ngan

The study was conducted to determine the relationship between three factors: work motivation (intrinsic and extrinsic), work efficiency, and job satisfaction of employees at the…

Abstract

The study was conducted to determine the relationship between three factors: work motivation (intrinsic and extrinsic), work efficiency, and job satisfaction of employees at the software company in Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam. Survey data collected from 300 employees working at the software company show that with the specific work characteristics of the information technology industry, the stronger the employee’s motivation to work, especially the intrinsic motivation, the greater efficiency and job satisfaction. At the same time, the higher the work efficiency, the more positive the employee’s job satisfaction will be. This study also draws some managerial implications that are valuable for reference for information technology enterprises to find solutions to increase work motivation, efficiency, and staff satisfaction, thereby minimizing layoffs, stabilizing personnel, and increasing competitiveness.

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Future Workscapes: Emerging Business Trends and Innovations
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83662-177-5

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Book part
Publication date: 30 January 2025

Gregori Galofré-Vilà and María Gómez León

Using annual mortality rates at the provincial level for men and women, we construct a Gini index to estimate changes in regional health inequalities since 1860 in Spain. We find…

Abstract

Using annual mortality rates at the provincial level for men and women, we construct a Gini index to estimate changes in regional health inequalities since 1860 in Spain. We find a long steady decline in health inequality across provinces from 1860 until today, interrupted by World War I and the Spanish Civil War. Over the 40 years of Franco's rule, health inequality stopped its downward trend and rose. Today, regional differences across provinces are at their lowest historical levels.

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Research in Economic History, volume 38
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83608-929-2

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Article
Publication date: 30 May 2024

Bilel Bzeouich, Florence Depoers and Faten Lakhal

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of chief executive officer (CEO) overconfidence on earnings quality and the moderating role of ownership structure as a crucial…

293

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of chief executive officer (CEO) overconfidence on earnings quality and the moderating role of ownership structure as a crucial corporate governance device.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper uses the generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation method to test our models on a sample of 335 French companies between 2009 and 2020, i.e. 4,020 observations.

Findings

The results show that CEO overconfidence negatively affects earnings quality. This result supports the predictions of behavioral finance theory and suggests that CEO overconfidence is a behavioral bias that affects the quality of earnings. The authors also examined the effect of different types of ownership structures on this relationship. The results show the significant role of controlling shareholders, owner-managers, families and institutional investors in mitigating the negative effect of CEO overconfidence on earnings quality.

Research limitations/implications

This paper has some limitations. First, other types of ownership structures could have been analyzed such as state ownership. Second, we ignored the role of the board of directors as an important governance mechanism in controlling overconfident CEOs’ actions.

Practical implications

Companies should be aware of the potential risks associated with CEO overconfidence, which can compromise the faithful representation of earnings. This highlights the importance of effective monitoring and internal controls to detect and prevent such practices, which involve the role of ownership structure.

Originality/value

This paper addresses the effect of CEO overconfidence on earnings quality and provides new evidence on the role of different ownership structure types in shaping this relationship. Additionally, this paper sheds new light on how overconfident CEOs may behave in challenging times.

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Journal of Applied Accounting Research, vol. 26 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0967-5426

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Book part
Publication date: 17 February 2025

Samira Rahimi Mavi and Sabine Einwiller

This chapter aims to provide a normative evaluation of companies' web-based external corporate social responsibility (CSR) communication on halal products for ethnic-religious…

Abstract

This chapter aims to provide a normative evaluation of companies' web-based external corporate social responsibility (CSR) communication on halal products for ethnic-religious minorities. It contributes to the existing literature on (political) CSR and moral legitimacy by examining corporate communication on ethical principles. To answer five specific research questions, a content analysis of companies' websites, online shops, Facebook pages, and CSR reports was conducted. The results show that of the 61 companies analyzed, 18% (4 AUT, 7 GER) communicate publicly that they offer halal products. The analysis of the 11 cases that do communicate about their halal offerings shows that only few live up to the principles of transparency and accountability; open discourse with users on Facebook is almost nonexistent as social media communication is mainly defensive and rarely proactive. The practical implications of this study suggest that if companies want to take their role as quasi-political actors seriously, they should be more transparent and accountable about their halal offerings. Supporting the Muslim community through action – that is, offering halal products and working with nonbusiness stakeholders such as nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) to promote inclusion – is key, but also communicating about it is important. However, whether dialogue should take place on social media, where polarization and harmful speech is prevalent, is debatable and requires further research.

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Responsibility in Strategic Communication
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83549-793-7

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Article
Publication date: 20 March 2024

Vinod Bhatia and K. Kalaivani

Indian railways (IR) is one of the largest railway networks in the world. As a part of its strategic development initiative, demand forecasting can be one of the indispensable…

103

Abstract

Purpose

Indian railways (IR) is one of the largest railway networks in the world. As a part of its strategic development initiative, demand forecasting can be one of the indispensable activities, as it may provide basic inputs for planning and control of various activities such as coach production, planning new trains, coach augmentation and quota redistribution. The purpose of this study is to suggest an approach to demand forecasting for IR management.

Design/methodology/approach

A case study is carried out, wherein several models i.e. automated autoregressive integrated moving average (auto-ARIMA), trigonometric regressors (TBATS), Holt–Winters additive model, Holt–Winters multiplicative model, simple exponential smoothing and simple moving average methods have been tested. As per requirements of IR management, the adopted research methodology is predominantly discursive, and the passenger reservation patterns over a five-year period covering a most representative train service for the past five years have been employed. The relative error matrix and the Akaike information criterion have been used to compare the performance of various models. The Diebold–Mariano test was conducted to examine the accuracy of models.

Findings

The coach production strategy has been proposed on the most suitable auto-ARIMA model. Around 6,000 railway coaches per year have been produced in the past 3 years by IR. As per the coach production plan for the year 2023–2024, a tentative 6551 coaches of various types have been planned for production. The insights gained from this paper may facilitate need-based coach manufacturing and optimum utilization of the inventory.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the literature on rail ticket demand forecasting and adds value to the process of rolling stock management. The proposed model can be a comprehensive decision-making tool to plan for new train services and assess the rolling stock production requirement on any railway system. The analysis may help in making demand predictions for the busy season, and the management can make important decisions about the pricing of services.

Details

foresight, vol. 27 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1463-6689

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