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Open innovation (OI) significantly impacts the internationalization of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) by connecting them with external resources and accelerating their innovation processes. This study aims to systematically evaluate and synthesize existing knowledge on the role of OI in the internationalization of SMEs.

Through a systematic literature review method, this study critically evaluates 35 articles published between 2003 and 2023, synthesizing existing research from theoretical, contextual, characteristic and methodological perspectives.

This study identifies theoretical, methodological, characteristics and contextual research gaps and further proposes a research agenda for expanding knowledge in the field. Additionally, it provides an overview of the antecedents of OI adoption, SMEs internationalization outcomes and the influencing mechanisms of OI on SMEs internationalization found in the literature, thereby establishing a foundational knowledge base for future scholars and practitioners in this field.

This review contributes to the existing literature by consolidating current knowledge on the topic and advancing the understanding of the intersection between OI and the internationalization of SMEs.

Korea was an oppressed country colonized by Japan and is a divided country confronting North Korea. Nevertheless, it has established the capitalism faster than any other countries and has repeatedly underwent acculturation and adaption. In such a society, the national football team has served as a national center. Hence, Korean football fans did not allow any diaspora in organizing athletes for the national football team. They instead forced national athletes to make self-sacrifice for the nation and even asked them to be morally solemn. Their perceptions on the national team, however, seem to be changed. It is, therefore, necessary to explore the meaning of the national football team in terms of changes of the “nation” and the “nationalism.” The use of the national team as a measure for pursuing a profit, by escaping from the existing recognition of them as warriors fighting for their country, the adoration for football powers actively accepting naturalized athletes and the active support for our own athletes to advance the European leagues deviate from the existing concepts of the nation and the nationalism, which the Korean society has preserved. This study attempts to explore changes in the meanings of the national football team perceived by football fans based on the concepts of the nation and the nationalism and to predict the future changes in those of it.

Technological innovation is crucial for businesses to achieve development and profitability through enhancing core capabilities and differentiating competitive advantages. The key to organisational survival is boosting innovation performance focused on technological innovation, as SMEs lack resources and competencies compared to large companies. Entrepreneurship is a topic of active research to overcome SMEs’ resource and size limits. This is because entrepreneurs’ capabilities are considered more important in small and medium-sized enterprises closely related to corporate success than in large enterprises that can receive organisational support. In addition, a company’s holding capacity is a direct driver of creating differentiated competitiveness because it can pursue product differentiation through high levels of market capabilities and technology capabilities. Therefore, this study attempts to demonstrate entrepreneurship and technological innovation for SMEs. Reviewing previous studies, the authors derive the organisational capabilities needed by the organisation for innovation and examine how these organisational capabilities (technological, market, and operational capabilities) relate to entrepreneurship and technological innovation.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the determinants of capital expenditures (CAPEX) in the theme park industry, particularly following the financial stresses induced by the COVID-19 pandemic. CAPEX drivers are poorly understood due to the idiosyncratic nature of this industry, which is dominated by a few large players. It also aims to identify the variables influencing both the growth and maintenance components of CAPEX among U.S. theme park operators.

The paper uses contingency theory to analyze both financial and nonfinancial data from U.S. theme park operators between 2009 and 2021. The paper also uses partial least squares structural equation modeling to manage issues of multicollinearity and to ensure robustness in the findings.

The analysis identifies several key determinants of CAPEX. Resources and the presence of competing theme parks in proximity to an operator’s parks positively affect CAPEX. Conversely, higher leverage, dividend payouts, intellectual property (IP) dominance and population density in areas with their active parks correlate with reduced CAPEX. The paper also notes distinct trends in maintenance versus growth CAPEX post-COVID-19, with maintenance CAPEX increasing as operators invest in existing assets while growth CAPEX trending downwards.

The study’s scope is confined to U.S.-based theme park operators, limiting the generalizability of the findings internationally. Moreover, data limitations restrict the sample size due to the consolidation of the industry players, potentially affecting the statistical power of the analysis.

This research offers significant insights for theme park operators, industry analysts and policymakers. Understanding the factors influencing CAPEX can aid operators in strategic planning and investment decisions, especially in a post-pandemic economic environment where efficient capital allocation will be crucial for recovery and growth. A major contribution of this research is the development of a new measure for IP dominance, which allows theme park operators to quantify the impact of IP on their investment strategies.

This study contributes uniquely by incorporating both financial and nonfinancial determinants in analyzing CAPEX within the theme park industry, a sector significantly impacted by the pandemic. It introduces novel metrics for assessing the impact of IP on CAPEX and differentiates between the factors driving maintenance and growth expenditures. The findings enrich the existing literature on hospitality management and provide actionable insights that could guide the strategic financial decisions of theme park operators.

The purpose of this paper is to explore networked business models on a nascent market for a sustainable innovation.

The study takes a qualitative approach through a comparative case study of three solar photovoltaic (PV) parks in Sweden. Data was collected from 14 interviews with multiple supply chain and network actors as well as secondary data. Industrial marketing and purchasing is applied for theoretical framing.

The study demonstrates transactional, relational, environmental and social drivers for participating in the network. The study reveals the duplicity of the nascent market, which encourages supply chain actors to develop their individual business models to take a larger market share or become future competitors to current collaborators. On the nascent market with few developed regulations, the network enables actors to influence regulations on local and regional levels.

The study is limited to the nascent solar PV industry in Sweden, which is characterized by institutional turbulence, market uncertainties and few established supply networks.

Practitioners need to consider multifarious drivers for participating in networked business models, where the economic driver may be the least motivating.

This study provides several multiactor business models and classifies them into specific applications and general applications. The study provides unique insight into the complexity of interactions among supply chain actors in networked business models on a nascent market for sustainable innovation. Due to the scarcity of available partners on the nascent market, actors need to look beyond their on-going relationships and their network horizon, or actors’ roles evolve to include activities that was not part of their individual business models.

This study aims to explore the impact of green inclusive leadership (GIL) on green creativity (GCRY) within the context of higher education institutions (HEIs) in China. Specifically, it aims to examine the mediating roles of green intrinsic motivation (GIM), environmental knowledge (EK) and green thinking (GT) according to the componential theory of creativity (CTC).

The study employed a series of questionnaire surveys to collect data at three different time points from various sources. A total of 583 leader-faculty matched samples were obtained from two universities in China. The hypothesized relationships were tested using PROCESS macro in SPSS.

The findings indicate a beneficial influence of GIL on GCRY, mediated by GIM, EK and GT. Noteworthy interaction effects were observed, with GIM fostering EK and GT, and EK laying the groundwork for GT.

This research contributes to the existing literature by confirming the implementation of GIL and supporting the CTC, offering insights into the motivational processes driving GCRY and with practical implications discussed for the effective management of GIL and GCRY in higher education settings.

The novelty of this research model lies in its operationalization of environmental sustainability within the CTC. This study is the initial investigation highlighting the role of GIL in fostering GCRY within HEIs. The key contribution of the study is the investigation of GIM, EK and GT as potential mediators in the relationship between GIL and GCRY. This expands the theoretical boundaries of the CTC framework.

The goal of this study is to examine how community policing policies (CPP) can be effective in addressing racial disparities in police killings in the United States.

The study utilized multi-level mixed modeling techniques.

The study finds that CPP training for in-service officers is effective when the police chief is black, in contrast to the presence of written CPP statements and CPP training for newly recruited officers. This article concludes that the effectiveness of policy implementation is dependent upon policing leaders who manage policy implementation.

This research is limited in that it only includes data from people who were killed by police. In addition, it was extremely difficult to collect data on the race of the officer. Hence, it reduced the number of viable cases that we could include in the analysis.

The most significant practical limitation to our research is the ability to generalize to police departments within a city and between cities. In some cases, police killings were confined to one or two areas in a city.

Disproportionality in police killings is important in every country where certain groups are overrepresented in the number of police killings. This is particularly true today, where we see groups like Black Lives Matter highlighting higher levels of lethal force in minority neighborhoods.

Using representative bureaucracy theory, this research shows leaders select and emphasize specific goals among a set of organizational goals, seek to build trust rather than fight crimes and support goals to improve policy outcomes, which fills a theoretical gap in the theory.

In the knowledge-based view, knowledge is a valuable source of enterprise success. Its transfer through expatriates is a key mechanism in the value proposition of outward foreign direct investment by multinational enterprises (MNEs). Unfortunately, individuals are not always willing to share what they know. Expatriates are crucial players in knowledge transfer, and their knowledge-hiding behavior can significantly inhibit enterprise success. This paper thus aims to explore the patterns and antecedents of knowledge hiding, as well as the underlying mechanisms in the hiding process by expatriates within MNEs.

This paper focuses on expatriates assigned to emerging economies in Chinese MNEs. It is based on a systematic qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews with 24 expatriates from 16 companies across 25 countries.

Not all knowledge hiding should be perceived as a negative behavior, as moderate rationalized hiding can fulfil a positive purpose. Antecedents of expatriates’ knowledge hiding were identified within a framework covering knowledge, individual, organizational and cultural features. Three main scenarios of knowledge-hiding process were also disclosed to illustrate the internal generative logic.

The comprehensive analysis of knowledge hiding presented in this paper enriches the existing literature on cross-border knowledge management and provides novel theoretical insights to better promote knowledge transfer by expatriates. A practical framework of knowledge transfer within MNEs is developed to guide the management of expatriates, even a broader spectrum of knowledge workers.

Coopetition refers to the collaboration or cooperation of competitors with each other with the objective to create value for individuals, firms and society. This chapter provides an overview and taxonomy of different types of value generated by coopetition by considering seven types of capital: financial, manufactured, intellectual, human, social, natural and cultural. It goes beyond the current literature on value creation and appropriation in the tourism industry. It offers a framework for future research on value creation from coopetition and how the interplay of capital in the tourism destination generates a blend of values. These values can be appropriated at common, private, privately captured common or public levels. The results showed that tourism coopetition is an essential strategy for the host society, as it can generate socio-economic, socio-environmental and socio-cultural value.

This study explores the effect of inclusive leadership (IL) on organizational commitment (OC) in Pakistan’s telecom sector. Psychological safety (PS) and perceived organizational support (POS) are taken as mediators to explore the interplay of the constructs. The study aims to contribute to the existing literature by providing insights into the critical role of inclusive IL impacting OC through PS and POS as mediators.

This study uses a quantitative methodology and a cross-sectional survey of 289 employees of the telecom sector working in the front office dealing with customer services. Using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling, the study tests hypotheses on the critical role of OC in Pakistan’s telecom sector. With the aid of SPSS v27 and AMOS v23 for structural equation model construction and path analysis, a time-lagged data collection method was used to avoid common method bias.

According to the research paper’s findings, evidence supports the hypotheses, suggesting that IL has a positive direct and indirect impact on OC via PS and POS.

This study adds to the existing body of knowledge on IL, PS, POS and OC. This study also tests the mediating role of PS and POS in Pakistan’s telecom sector’s service domain. This research also provides practical implications for leaders and employees concerning PS and POS in the specific context of Pakistan’s society.