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Crowdfunding is a rapidly growing phenomenon in theory and practice. A significant gap exists between theoretical literature and empirical evidence regarding the volumes of crowdfunding and the quality of firms that use crowdfunding.

This is one of the first articles that offers a theory of entrepreneurs' choice between debt, equity and crowdfunding (reward-based). It uses a game-theoretic model where information about the expected quality of products developed by entrepreneurs is asymmetric.

We argue that in most cases crowdfunding is at the end of pecking order. The payments in the form of pre-orders come before the project investment is made making the entrepreneur's profit independent of actual quality of the product creating a strong ground for cross-subsidies of low-quality entrepreneurs by high-quality entrepreneurs in a pooling equilibrium.

The paper is consistent with some well-known empirical phenomena on crowdfunding, e.g. relatively small volumes of crowdfunding vs traditional funding, low volumes of reward-based crowdfunding vs debt-based and equity-based crowdfunding and excess entry of low-quality firms to crowdfunding market. We further compare this approach with an approach based on asymmetric information about the cost of production/investment (as in Belleflamme et al. (2014) and some other papers) and argue that even though some predictions maybe close under some general assumptions both approaches lead to qualitatively different results.

This study aims to analyse entrepreneurial behaviour in the context of crowdfunding and investigate various behavioural factors that impact entrepreneurs’ capacity to secure capital for their businesses through crowdfunding. It highlights gaps in the literature and offers insights into entrepreneurial crowdfunding behaviour.

The study conducted a hybrid literature evaluation, utilizing both bibliometric analysis and a Theory-Context-Methodology (TCM) framework-based approach. For quality assessment of the articles we use Qualsyst Analysis tool. A total of 177 relevant publications, published between 2013 and 2024, were reviewed to provide a comprehensive overview of the research in this field.

The analysis reveals a growing body of literature on entrepreneurial crowdfunding behaviour, with a significant increase after 2018. Business & Management emerged as the field with the most publications (64), and the United States contributed the highest number of studies (45), followed by Germany (25) and France (14). The study categorizes the literature and identifies a niche area that remains under-explored.

The study provides actionable insights for entrepreneurs on how to adapt crowd-funding campaign strategies, with particular attention to the growing trend of sustainability in business. Additionally, it offers a road-map for future researchers to build on existing theories, methodologies, and contextual factors related to entrepreneurial crowdfunding behaviour.

This review is one of the few studies combining bibliometric analysis with the TCM framework to map the entrepreneurial crowdfunding literature. It identifies key gaps in research and offers future directions for the development of this field.

Although consumers are aware of the importance of sustainable consumption, there is a persistent gap between positive attitudes and actual behavior. This disconnect is particularly pronounced in the fashion industry, where consumers often suppress their positive attitudes towards sustainability in the face of tempting fast fashion offers. This paper analyzes how consumers attempt to reconcile this attitude-behavior gap through using rationalization or neutralization techniques.

We surveyed more than 1,300 fashion consumers in the USA, Europe and Asia. Based on their last fashion purchase, respondents indicated various purchase details as well as their agreement/disagreement to 32 neutralization statements. Additional scales capture pertinent attitude and awareness measures. To scrutinize the role of neutralization statements, we use a series of logistic regression and multinomial regression analyses.

Country of residence, age and education level are the key determinants when employing neutralization techniques. Logistic regression results also reveal an inverse relationship between age and the propensity of buying sustainable fashion. Ethics, awareness and attitudes all play a role in purchasing sustainable products, but to different degrees in different countries.

Research on how consumers attempt to bridge the gap between attitude-behavior inconsistencies is scarce and primarily qualitative. Our study identifies how fast fashion consumers attempt to reconcile their divergent attitudes and behavior. Uncovering these rationalization or neutralization techniques improves the understanding of the attitude-behavior gap and enables marketers and policymakers to design more effective strategies to promote sustainable consumption.

This study aims to reveal the impact mechanism of franchisor-owned resources, franchise relationship quality and franchisee's dynamic capabilities on franchisee performance, with the moderating role of cultural sensitivity.

The sample consisted of 290 middle managers and team leaders at 113 hotels and food and beverage settings participating in the international- and domestic franchises in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. A partial least squares structural equation model (PLS-SEM) is used to analyse the data.

The result reveals that franchisor-owned resources, franchise relationship quality and franchisee's dynamic capabilities significantly impacted franchisee performance. Furthermore, cultural sensitivity has a beneficial role in the effect of franchise relationship quality on franchisee performance.

This study develops an integrated analytical framework of franchisee performance from the franchisee's perspective, contributing to integrating international business theory in franchising studies, namely the resource-based view, dynamic capability view and relationship-marketing theory.