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The objective of this paper is to advance research concerning the factors affecting the intentions to start-up. In this vein, scholars are more and more interested in perceptual variables, i.e. subjective perceptions that may affect individuals’ intentions to start-up. These can have an internal locus of control (PVIs), if they depend on personal cognitive styles, or an external locus of control (PVEs), if they depend on how individuals perceive environmental stimuli. Usually, scholars investigate them at a micro-level of analysis, by focusing on individuals in a country. Instead, this paper adopts a macro-level analysis. Thus, the research question at the basis of this paper is: whether the impact of perceptual variables (with an internal or external locus of control) on the intentions to start-up varies across countries.

Stochastic frontier analyses – SFAs are carried out since they allow disentangling technical and random inefficiencies and comparing statistical results. SFAs are based on data retrieved from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor – GEM website and refer to PIGS (Portugal, Italy, Greece, and Spain) and BRICs (Brazil, Russia, India, and China) countries where entrepreneurship is a vibrant phenomenon, but cultural and economic differences are manifest.

Concerning the drivers of entrepreneurship, achieved results reveal that some differences exist across PIGS and BRICs countries, but they cannot be generalized so easily.

This paper reveals its originality in reference to the classification of the variables, the macro-level of analysis, and the results that – at the same time – are in line with previous ones, but also offer new insights about perceptual variables in entrepreneurship and – at a wider extent – about the drivers of entrepreneurship.

This paper aims to propose a reconfiguration of the business model canvas (BMC) to highlight the relevant, and often critical, role of digital technologies (DTs).

The authors review the business model literature to further clarify its dynamic nature (expressed by innovation, adaptation and experimentation) and the factors that may affect it. Ultimately, to better capture the role of DTs, the authors posit a new iteration of the BMC (namely, the digital business model canvas [DiBMC]).

Historically, DTs were not clearly represented in the BMC, often resulting in them being disparately woven into other boxes or not clearly captured at all. By reconfiguring the nine original building blocks, and adding two new ones related to DTs, the DiBMC supports a more complete visualization of how value is created and the role of DTs.

DTs are too relevant in today’s business environment to not more formally model them on BMCs. The proposed reconfiguration of the BMC into the DiBMC improves the utility of the tool for practitioners, scholars and students alike.

The present paper aims to explore if innovation strategies and crowdfunding campaigns can be cross-referred or even matched. These alternatives could increase the efficiency of crowdfunding processes since seeking new projects/business ideas to finance could be more targeted.

This paper is theoretical and explorative. Two dedicated literature reviews are carried out. The former is focused on innovation strategies and the latter is focused on crowdfunding campaigns. The offering of research propositions is the result of an inductive process.

Two main findings are achieved: first, a possible match between innovation strategies and crowdfunding campaigns (expressed by four research propositions); second, the confirmation of the role of innovation studies to corroborate the relevance of crowdfunding as an attractive field of research.

Previous contributions, expressly concerning the relationship between innovation strategies and crowdfunding campaigns, have mainly focused on the influence/support that crowdfunding campaigns offer to innovation strategies, by supporting or fostering them. Possible matches between innovation strategies and crowdfunding campaigns have rarely been investigated.