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The process of redesigning is one of the essential steps in upcycling, which comprises ideation, reconstruction and fitting. This paper aims to study the best practice of upcycling in the clothing industry. This study is an attempt to standardise upcycling/redesign process.

An exploratory approach was adopted to perform the research. This study draws on the multiple organisations involved in the upcycling of clothes. The organisations chosen for this study are located in Sweden and Romania using the snowball technique. Semi-structured interviews, direct and participatory observation approaches were used to collect information. The collected data are systematically analysed using NVivo 10 software.

This paper provides empirical insights into the diverse practices of upcycling. Process, product and demand-based were three fundamental approaches to performing the redesigning process. The fabric quality and durability, variations in size, colour and pattern, skills and efforts required in the extraction of parts and environmental consciousness and awareness were the main factors influencing upcycling process.

The use of the European case may miss best practices from the other region. This study may help scholars to understand the method of upcycling. A practitioner of upcycling can use the findings to improve and standardise the existing process. This research is beneficial for society, as this leads to the reduction of textile wastage.

This paper conceptualises some of the best practices of clothes redesign. This provides a good insight for the organisation for the improvement in the redesign business.

The purpose of this paper is to explore renting models for clothing items and their value creation logics with a basis in resource interaction.

The paper relies on a multiple case study of renting models pursued by start-up companies in the Swedish context. The cases cover fashion wear as well as outdoor clothing. The theoretical frame builds on the industrial marketing and purchasing approach to business markets with a special focus on resource interaction and value creation.

The multiple case study provides the basis for identifying three categories of renting models: membership, subscription and individual item renting. The three models use different patterns of resource mobilisation, resource utilisation and resource combination to build their value creation logics.

A plethora of different business models for sharing resources will be needed in reaching sustainable development in the fashion context. Renting models is one such model for sharing resources that increase product usage but struggles with economic sustainability.

The paper offers implications for actors in the fashion industry and capital systems by considering renting models not as tech start-ups but as sustainable start-up business models in which investments require longer time frames before showing results.

Few studies have treated the variety of renting models for clothing items. Thereby this paper extends the literature by providing a categorization of such models and how they create value.