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Article
Publication date: 13 September 2023

A.I.H. Fayed, Y.A. Abo El Amaim, Ossama R. Abdelsalam and Doaa H. Elgohary

This paper aims to estimate the performance of protective clothing used to resist puncture (anti-stab property).

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to estimate the performance of protective clothing used to resist puncture (anti-stab property).

Design/methodology/approach

Seven single-layer (one layer) samples were investigated in this research. The first three samples were already used for the purpose of (anti-stab property), manufactured from Du-Pont product (commercial samples). The rest of the samples were locally designed and manufactured for the same purpose. These seven samples have then been examined after been added in conjunction with WL Kevlar XP (S 104) witness multilayers (eight layers) panel to create which are called multilayer samples.

Findings

The results of the statistical analysis for one-way ANOVA illustrated significant effect for single layer samples for all properties. While for multi-layer samples, the results showed a significant difference for all variables except displacement. The Tukey post hoc test observed a significant effect for some samples; also, other samples show a non-significant effect between samples.

Originality/value

It was observed that the locally manufactured samples serve the purpose as (anti-stab samples) compared with the commercial samples. The radar chart shows that for single-layer sample, the fifth sample fulfill the highest radar chart area, whereas for multi-layer samples, the sixth sample achieved the highest radar chart area.

Details

Research Journal of Textile and Apparel, vol. 29 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1560-6074

Keywords

Available. Content available
Article
Publication date: 24 September 2024

Nora Denner, Thomas Koch, Benno Viererbl and Alicia Ernst

This study examines the functions of informal communication in organizations. Informal communication can be characterized as any interaction within an organization in which two or…

341

Abstract

Purpose

This study examines the functions of informal communication in organizations. Informal communication can be characterized as any interaction within an organization in which two or more individuals assume personal roles rather than their professional roles and in which employees do not intend to solve work-related problems. Despite its central role in organizations, a comprehensive understanding of the specific functions of informal communication within workplace dynamics is lacking.

Design/methodology/approach

We reviewed existing literature to identify the functions of informal communication and then surveyed employees (N = 1,380). We asked them to indicate their agreement with statements measuring the functions of informal communication that we derived from the literature.

Findings

Using exploratory factor analysis, we identified four core functions: stress management and recreation, nurturing private relationships, fostering a sense of belonging and connectedness and facilitating information exchange and coordination. We then examined how these core functions related to job-related and sociodemographic characteristics. Our findings underscore the importance of informal communication in organizations, particularly in facilitating the development and maintenance of social relationships as well as information exchange and coordination, both of which play critical roles in organizational success.

Originality/value

This study is among the first to systematize the functions of informal communication in organizations and to empirically extract core functions that can be used for further research. It is also highly relevant to practitioners of organizational management and organizational communication.

Details

Journal of Communication Management, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1363-254X

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Article
Publication date: 18 June 2024

Mehir Baidya and Bipasha Maity

In the past, there have been few studies that shed light on the process of how to maintain the right value proposition with retailers. This research aims to examine the factors…

166

Abstract

Purpose

In the past, there have been few studies that shed light on the process of how to maintain the right value proposition with retailers. This research aims to examine the factors that play a significant role in the process of keeping the right value proposition with retailers in the B2C sector through a firm-retailer dependency lens.

Design/methodology/approach

Longitudinal data was gathered from 700 retailers who deal with the products of two of India’s firms in the B2C sector. Three data sets were created, and an econometric model was fitted to each data set separately.

Findings

The findings revealed that the firm-centric and retailer-centric variables had positive impacts, whereas competitor-centric variables negatively impacted the value proposition. Furthermore, the intensity of the impact on the value proposition of all types of drivers varied from “quiet-quitting retailers” to “active retailers.”

Practical implications

This study’s findings should assist managers in framing a value-sharing strategy to maintain a “win-win” relationship with retailers.

Originality/value

Using real-world data and a panel regression model, this research extends the theory on the relationship between value proposition and its drivers in the B2C sector and, hence, enriches the literature on the interface between business process management, retailing, and marketing.

Details

Business Process Management Journal, vol. 30 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1463-7154

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Book part
Publication date: 6 September 2024

Salam Aboulhassan

Based on qualitative data from a large study exploring Muslim experiences in the workplace, this chapter explains how Muslim dress standards inform identity and are influenced by…

Abstract

Based on qualitative data from a large study exploring Muslim experiences in the workplace, this chapter explains how Muslim dress standards inform identity and are influenced by US cultural ideals about self-presentation and perceived anti-Muslim hostility. Theoretical sampling was used to find 25 men and 59 women, 32 of whom are veiled. These individuals worked at major corporations as numerical minorities or held professions where they encountered non-Muslims regularly. Informed by theories of orientalism and social identity, findings examine hegemonic representations of organizational power and describe how men could employ masculine practices to navigate anti-Muslim discourse and foster a sense of belonging at work. Within immigrant-centered workplaces, women face cultural backlash for appropriating Western styles deemed immodest. While working outside their community, women who wore hijabs emphasized their femininity through softer colors, makeup, or “unpinning” their veil to offset the visceral reaction to their hijab. Thus, adapting to workplace dress expectations is structured by intersections of gender, religion, and workplace location. This chapter illustrates how Muslim dress strategies indirectly reflect how Western standards of dress, behavior, and self-expression determine qualifications and approachability within workplace structures, marginalizing Muslims and reproducing racial and gender hierarchies.

Details

Embodiment and Representations of Beauty
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83797-994-3

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 28 May 2024

Nuanpan Lawson

Knowing financial and economic information beforehand benefits in planning and developing policies for every country especially for a developing country like Thailand and for…

213

Abstract

Purpose

Knowing financial and economic information beforehand benefits in planning and developing policies for every country especially for a developing country like Thailand and for other Asian countries. Unfortunately, missing data or non-response plays an essential role in many areas of studies including finance and economics. Eradication of missing data in a proper way before further analysis can gain remarkable outcomes and can be effective for planning policies. This review on the generalized regression estimators for population total can be applied to financial, economic and other data when missing data are present.

Design/methodology/approach

The generalized regression estimators for estimating population total, including the variance estimators under unequal probability sampling without replacement with missing data are explored under the reverse framework. Applications to financial and economic data in Thailand are also reviewed.

Findings

The review of literatures related to the proposed estimator shows the best performance, giving smaller variances in all scenarios.

Originality/value

The generalized regression estimators can assist in estimating financial and economic data that contain missing values with different missing mechanisms and can be used in other applications which help gain more superior estimators.

Details

Asian Journal of Economics and Banking, vol. 8 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2615-9821

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Book part
Publication date: 12 December 2024

Eric W. K. Tsang

Consciously or unconsciously, every management researcher adopts a certain philosophical perspective. In this chapter, I discuss the connection between philosophy and management…

Abstract

Consciously or unconsciously, every management researcher adopts a certain philosophical perspective. In this chapter, I discuss the connection between philosophy and management research and show how philosophical perspectives affect the perception of empirical phenomena, choice of research methods, and interpretation of research results. The discussion indicates that the connection is far more crucial than what many management researchers may have thought. I then share my experience of studying philosophy and provide suggestions to those who are interested in enhancing their knowledge of the subject.

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Article
Publication date: 26 November 2024

Rebecca Andrews, Fay Hadley, Manjula Waniganayake, Iain Hay, Catherine Jones and Xinyun Meg Liang

Retention of early childhood teachers in Australia is a critical issue, particularly for new teachers. The demanding nature of new teachers’ everyday work and high rates of stress…

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Abstract

Purpose

Retention of early childhood teachers in Australia is a critical issue, particularly for new teachers. The demanding nature of new teachers’ everyday work and high rates of stress and burnout have resulted in teachers leaving the sector. By designing a formal mentoring project, our aim was to support teachers to stay and flourish as respected professionals. This paper presents findings from the perspective of the mentees – new teachers in their first five years of employment in the sector.

Design/methodology/approach

We designed and offered a two-phase multi-layered mentoring project to 145 new teachers (mentees) matched with 51 experienced teachers (mentors). It began with a mentor training course implemented by three experienced early childhood education academics and utilised a community of practice approach (Lave and Wenger, 1991). Data collected throughout the project included a pre- and post-survey and a needs satisfaction and frustration scale.

Findings

Analysis of survey data shows that mentee new teachers gained a better understanding of their role and built connections with peers and leaders. Survey data also demonstrates that effective mentoring can successfully contribute to addressing workforce challenges faced by early childhood teachers.

Originality/value

The project makes an original contribution through the design, implementation and evaluation of an innovative online mentoring project for teachers employed across the state of New South Wales, Australia.

Details

International Journal of Mentoring and Coaching in Education, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2046-6854

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Book part
Publication date: 25 November 2024

Donna Sedgwick

This chapter documents how the early request for citizens to participate in health-protective behaviors to quell the spread of the disease became politicized. Health-protective…

Abstract

This chapter documents how the early request for citizens to participate in health-protective behaviors to quell the spread of the disease became politicized. Health-protective behaviors, such as social distancing and mask wearing, were found to reduce the spread of COVID-19. Yet, despite the evidence that compliance helped control the pandemic’s spread, mask wearing became a politicized symbol during the early stages of the pandemic. Particularly in the United States, bipartisan stances for and against mask wearing developed quickly as conspiracy theories, supported by President Trump, downplayed the seriousness of the pandemic. As vaccines appeared by late 2020, this polarization continued, again with President Trump aiming blame that the release of the vaccine was timed with 2020 election and raising questions with its safety. In comparison, Prime Minister Marin took a pro-science, global approach to Finland’s mandate and vaccine response. Using regression analysis, I examine the growing political divide that occurred between April 2020 and November 2020, highlighting the growth of politicization for both mask wearing and vaccine intention in both the United States and Finland. While analyses from April 2020 show support for the party in power (Republicans for the United States and left-leaning parties for Finland) was not a significant predictor of mask wearing in either country, by November 2020, political party significantly predicted both mask wearing and vaccine intention in both countries. Additionally, other important predictive factors, particularly state/citizen collaborative dimensions, are reviewed and discussed.

Details

Perceptions of a Pandemic: A Cross-Continental Comparison of Citizen Perceptions, Attitudes, and Behaviors During Covid-19
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83608-625-3

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Article
Publication date: 18 February 2025

Parveen P. Gupta, Heibatollah Sami, Joseph H. Zhang and Haiyan Zhou

SOX Section 404 requires that public companies evaluate and have their auditors attest to the effectiveness of their internal control over financial reporting (ICFR). These…

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Abstract

Purpose

SOX Section 404 requires that public companies evaluate and have their auditors attest to the effectiveness of their internal control over financial reporting (ICFR). These companies compare their ICFR effectiveness to the Internal Control Frameworks issued by Committee of the Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). This paper aims to examine whether the implementation of the 2013 Control Framework has a positive impact on the information environment of U.S. public companies.

Design/methodology/approach

The study sample comprises firms from the S&P 1500 index and the Russell 2000 index firms that filed their annual reports after December 15, 2014. This paper uses bid-ask spread as a primary measure of information asymmetry, while controlling for the simultaneous effects of the new COSO framework on trading volumes and price volatility.

Findings

This paper finds a significant reduction in bid-ask spreads – a proxy for an improved information environment – among our sample firms following the adoption of the 2013 Control Framework, leading us to conclude that the 2013 Control Framework represents a substantial improvement.

Research limitations/implications

This study specifically examines the impact of control frameworks on the information environment under SOX 404. Future research could explore other economic consequences associated with the adoption of the new COSO Framework. Additionally, it would be valuable to investigate whether the Cadbury model, which also qualifies as a “suitable” control framework under the SEC rules for ICFR assessments, produces similar or different outcomes. Future studies could also analyze the implementation details across all five components concerning the three types of objectives.

Practical implications

The findings will provide valuable insights for policymakers on the effectiveness of the COSO 2013 Framework in enhancing internal control reporting.

Social implications

The findings will also contribute to improving the information environment in the capital markets by guiding policymakers and regulators in assessing the effectiveness of the new COSO framework.

Originality/value

While extensive research has focused on the consequences of accounting and related internal control disclosures, there has been limited examination of how the underlying internal control benchmarks affect the quality and reliability of ICFR assessments and disclosures. This research aims to address this gap.

Details

Managerial Auditing Journal, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0268-6902

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Article
Publication date: 28 November 2024

Aman Dwivedi, Manoj Kumar Khurana, Y.G. Bala and S.B. Mishra

This study aims to better understand the influence of various post-treatments on the microstructure and mechanical properties of additively manufactured parts for critical…

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to better understand the influence of various post-treatments on the microstructure and mechanical properties of additively manufactured parts for critical applications.

Design/methodology/approach

In this study, Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) fabricated Inconel 718 (IN718) samples were subjected to various heat treatments, namely homogenization, solution heat treatment and double aging, to investigate their influence on the microstructure, mechanical properties and fracture mechanism at an elevated temperature of 650 °C. Homogenization treatment was performed at 1080 °C for durations ranging from 1–8 h. The solution treatment temperature varied from 980 °C to 1140 °C for 1 h, followed by double aging treatment.

Findings

At 650 °C, the as-built sample showed the minimum strength but demonstrated the maximum elongation to failure compared to the heat-treated samples. The strength of the IN718 superalloy increased by 20.26% to 34.81%, while ductility significantly reduced by 65.26% to 72.89% after various heat treatments compared to the as-built state. This change is attributed to the enhancement in grain boundary strength resulting from the pinning effect of the intergranular δ-phase.

Originality/value

The study observed that the variations in the fracture mechanism of LPBF fabricated IN718 depend on the duration and temperature of heat treatment. This research provides a thorough overview of the high-temperature mechanical properties of LPBF fabricated IN718 subjected to different homogenization times and solution treatment temperatures, correlating these effects to the corresponding changes in microstructure.

Details

Rapid Prototyping Journal, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2546

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