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This study investigates the variables that impact initial public offerings (IPO) initial returns witnessed in Pakistan from 1996 to 2019 using pre-listing information variables, namely country-level institutional quality, sponsor ownership and pricing mechanism. IPO oversubscription is included as a moderating variable.

This research is motivated by the premise that the Pakistani IPO market is characterised by a broad range of institutional and regulatory frameworks. Multiple regression studies, i.e. ordinary least square (OLS) and quantile least square (QLS), were performed on 102 IPOs issued on the Pakistan stock market.

The present study findings suggest that the quality of public service, the independence of civil service from political influences and the legitimacy of government increase investors’ confidence in the prospects of companies, hence increasing the demand for IPO and initial returns. In addition, good regulatory quality enhances market transparency and lowers uncertainty, hence signalling high-quality IPOs and leading in substantial initial returns. The negative effect of the lock-up ratio on the initial return of an IPO is consistent with the risk-return trade-off theory, which asserts that the lock-up ratio indicates the quality of the IPO.

The results provide market regulators, policymakers, investors and underwriters with useful data for assuring proper subscriptions of issued shares, as these variables are crucial for company transparency and market efficiency. The findings will also help investors make better IPO subscription decisions.

The present study explains the important influencing factors of IPO initial return in the Pakistani market.

The purpose of the present study is to test the effect of financial development and environmental degradation on the control of corruption.

This study used a dynamic approach known as system GMM to analyze annual data from 90 developed and developing countries over 24 years, from 1996 to 2020.

The present study shows a significantly negative relationship between financial development and control of corruption and a significantly positive relationship between environmental degradation and control of corruption. The result suggests that improvement in financial development may reduce control of corruption; however, reduction in environmental degradation may reduce control of corruption. The results are consistent across both developed and developing countries.

The study’s findings have significant implications for financial institutions, governmental policy departments and environmental regulatory agencies. The policy outcomes are closely linked to the economic prosperity of countries. In general, developing countries can implement strategies to promote financial development and environmental regulations, even though they may temporarily tolerate corrupt activities. Conversely, developed nations may have differing implications from developing countries.

This study is different from the past literature as none of the studies have been conducted previously focusing on developed and developing countries’ financial development, environmental degradation and control of corruption.

This research aims to investigate the influence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on employee retention among banking employees in Pakistan, along with the moderating effect of innovative leadership on the relationship between CSR and employee retention.

The nature of this study is quantitative, where structured questionnaires were used to collect the data from 327 employees working in different banks. The sample size was calculated using the Krejice and Morgan model. Data was analysed through SPSS and smart-PLS 4.

Results of this study indicate that CSR has a significantly positive relationship with employee retention. Study results also suggest that innovative leadership has a significant positive relationship with employee retention and that innovative leadership moderates the relationship between CSR and employee retention.

This study is limited to banking employees; therefore, future studies can be extended to other service sectors such as telecom and private educational institutions. This study model can also be tested in other industries as well. Furthermore, longitudinal studies can also be conducted in future.

This study is different from the previously available studies based on the following grounds. Firstly, this tests the relationship of CSR and employee retention through stakeholder and social exchange theories on a micro-level perspective of CSR. Secondly, the role of innovative readership as a moderator has not yet been explored in the existing studies, whereas this study is enriching the literature on this topic.

This study examines the impact of climate change vulnerability, fintech and investor sentiment on bank performance in the MENA region.

The two-step Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimator was employed to investigate 166 listed banks in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, covering the last decade.

The study revealed mixed findings about climate change vulnerability. The study identified that factors such as capacity, habitat, infrastructure, sensitivity and vulnerability had a beneficial impact on the banks' buy and hold stock returns in the MENA area. Nevertheless, it was demonstrated that exposure, ecosystems, food, health, and vulnerability had an inverse impact on these returns. Remarkably, the fintech index negatively affects the long-term stock performance of banks in the MENA region.

Policymakers should focus on enhancing infrastructure and boosting banks’ capacity to manage and adapt to climate-related risks.

The novelty of this study is that it explored the impacts of climate change vulnerability, fintech and investor sentiment on banks’ buy-and-hold stock returns in the MENA region. Notably, this research employs a unique model that has not been previously examined.

The present study aims to test the impact of workplace incivility and violence on doctors' turnover intentions. Besides, the present study also tested the mediating role of employees' burnout.

The population of the present study was doctors working in 20 public sector hospitals. Where 250 doctors working in emergency departments participated, the sample size was calculated through Krejcie and Morgan's table. The data analysis was conducted through SPSS and Smart-PLS.

Results of the present study supported all the relationships except the relationship between workplace violence and turnover intentions. More specifically, relationship between workplace incivility and turnover intentions was confirmed, and mediation effect of doctors' burnout was also confirmed.

This present study is novel in a way that this study framed the study model using conservative resource theory and social cognitive theory covering both employees cognitive and external factors. Further, the nexus “workplace incivility → workplace violence → job burnout → turnover intentions” was tested for the first time, hence making a valuable addition to the body of literature. Further this study is a contribution to healthcare literature in context of incivility, violence, burnout, and turnover. Burnout is first time explored as moderator with workplace incivility which is another contribution.

The purpose of this study is to perform bibliometric analysis to systematically and comprehensively examine the current landscape of digital knowledge, integration and performance in the transformation of sustainability accounting, reporting and assurance.

This research uses a systematic literature review, following the Scientific Procedures and Rationales for Systematic Literature Review protocol and uses various bibliometric and performance analytical methods. These include annual scientific production analysis, journal analysis, keyword cooccurrence analysis, keyword clustering, knowledge gap analysis and future research direction identification to evaluate the existing literature thoroughly.

The analysis reveals significant insights into the transformative impact of digital technologies on sustainability practices. Annual scientific production and journal analyses highlight key contributors to the adoption of digital technologies in sustainability accounting, reporting and assurance. Keyword cooccurrence analyses have identified key themes in sustainability accounting, reporting and assurance, highlighting the transformative role of digital technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, Internet of Things (IoT) and big data. These technologies enhance corporate accountability, transparency and sustainability by automating processes and improving data accuracy. The integration of these technologies supports environmental, social and governance (ESG) reporting, circular economy initiatives and strategic decision-making, fostering economic, social and environmental sustainability. Cluster-by-coupling analyses delve into nine broader revealing that IoT improves ESG report accuracy, eXtensible Business Reporting Language structures ESG data and AI enhances life cycle assessments and reporting authenticity. In addition, digital transformation impacts environmental performance, big data optimizes resource use and edge computing improves eco-efficiency. Furthermore, this study identifies avenues for future research to advance the understanding and implementation of digital technology in sustainability accounting, reporting and assurance practices.

Academically, this research enriches the understanding of how digital technologies shape sustainability practices and identifies gaps in digital knowledge and integration. Practically, it provides actionable insights for organizations to improve sustainability reporting and performance by effectively leveraging these technologies. Policy-wise, the findings advocate for frameworks supporting the effective implementation of these technologies, ensuring alignment with global sustainability goals.

This study offers a detailed analysis of the performance and intellectual framework of research on implementing digital technology in sustainability accounting, reporting and assurance. It highlights the evolving research landscape and emphasizes the need for further investigation into how emerging technologies can be leveraged to achieve sustainability goals.

This paper examines and compares the role of social protection to promote inclusive growth in two countries (once related), Pakistan and Bangladesh, from 1984 to 2020, using annual time series data.

The study used principal component analysis to develop the index of social protection, inclusive growth and macroeconomic stability. It also employed co-integration with impulse response function and fully modified ordinary least squares test for long-run cointegration.

The key results highlighted that social protection positively promotes inclusive growth in both countries. However, Bangladesh attains a high position in achieving inclusive growth through the mechanism of welfare programs. Findings show that institutional quality, macroeconomic stability and globalization are the positive and significant drivers of inclusive growth in both countries. It also confirms that macroeconomic stability and globalization are contributing more to achieving inclusive growth in Bangladesh as compared to Pakistan.

Institutions and macroeconomic stability in both countries are critical toward providing a transparent system of welfare schemes to achieve inclusive growth. Shocks to social protection schemes in Pakistan are inconsistent for achieving inclusive growth as compared to Bangladesh.

The study extends the empirical measurement of social protection and inclusive growth while using protracted dimensions and indicators. It further examines and compares the dynamics of social protection programs for inclusive growth in two countries once related. For further originality and reliability, this study checks the robustness of long-run estimates by disaggregating the institutional quality and globalization into their key dimensions.

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-07-2023-0548

Given innovation's significance, this research examines the link between empowered leadership and frugal innovation. The research also explores how collaborative cultures and organizational commitment mediate empowered leadership's effect on frugal innovation.

Quantitative method is used with the approach of hierarchical regression to test the hypotheses with data obtained from Pakistani small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) through the questionnaire from 288 participants.

The results of this study show that empowered leadership has a considerable impact on the firm's capacity for frugal innovation. Additionally, this study shows that organizational commitment and collaborative culture significantly moderate the association between empowering leadership and frugal innovation.

Future studies should examine mediating factors, including employment experience, education and perceived organizational support, and moderating variables like employee psychological empowerment and leadership styles.

This research advises SMEs in developing nations to utilize frugal innovation since they cannot afford to spend extensively on technologies that add creativity and innovation to goods and services.

This study advances how leadership both directly and indirectly helps organizations strengthen their capacity for frugal innovation through the mediating roles of collaborative culture and organizational commitment.

Workplace bullying is a serious problem among nurses, which results in negative workplace behavior. Therefore, this study aims to understand how workplace bullying affects employees’ knowledge hiding behavior. Specifically, this study explored psychological contract breach as an underlying mechanism between workplace bullying and knowledge hiding; and learning goal orientation as a boundary condition between psychological contract breach and knowledge hiding.

The study collected data from 343 nurses working in the health-care sector of Pakistan on convenience basis using a questionnaire-based survey between December 2021 to March 2022. The data were analyzed through structural equation modeling.

The results revealed the adverse effect of workplace bullying on knowledge hiding behaviors among nurses, and psychological contract breach was noted to mediate this association. Further, learning goal orientation was noted to buffer the relationship between psychological contract breach and knowledge hiding.

The cross-section design may restrict causality; however, the findings suggest health-care administration take appropriate measures to reduce the adverse effects of workplace bullying. In addition, the administration is suggested to implement training programs to make nurses capable of dealing with workplace stressors (bullying and psychological contract breach).

This research provides a novel perspective to consider psychological contract breach as a mechanism between workplace bullying and knowledge hiding in the health-care sector from the conservation of resources perspective. It further explored learning goal orientation as a buffer to mitigate the effect of psychological contract breach on knowledge hiding.

This research explains the critical role of technological readiness and green dynamic capabilities in enhancing the sustainability performance of manufacturing firms, which is pivotal for achieving the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. The theoretical framework is grounded in the dynamic capability theory, positing that technological readiness enhances a firm’s green dynamic capabilities, and employee green behavior moderates the effect on the sustainability performance of manufacturing firms.

Quantitative data from 1,660 managerial employees of a diverse sample of manufacturing firms was aggregated at the firm level using interclass correlation and interrater agreement, ensuring robustness using at least two responses per firm. With the final dataset of 418 firms, structural equation modeling was conducted using AMOS26.

The findings reveal that technological readiness positively affects sustainability performance and enhances it through green dynamic capabilities. Furthermore, the study highlights the positive moderating role of employees’ green behavior, amplifying the impact of green dynamic capabilities on sustainability performance.

This research makes a novel contribution to the body of knowledge by integrating dynamic capability theory with empirical evidence on sustainability performance. It represents a significant step toward promoting a more sustainable and responsible future for organizations and society and provides comprehensive insights into the complex interplay of these variables. These insights are crucial for academia, industry practitioners and policymakers striving to foster sustainable practices within the manufacturing sector.