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The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of Joule heating, slip conditions, Dufour and Soret effects on three-dimensional magneto-convection of nanoliquid over a rotating surface in the existence of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation and internal heat generation/absorption.

The considered physical system is modelled by a set of partial differential equations (PDEs) with conditions at surface. Then, the nonlinear PDEs are altered into a system of ordinary differential equations and they are solved numerically by the Runge−Kutta−Fehlberg method. Plotting the collected velocity, temperature and solute concentration characteristics allows one to see how relevant parameters affect the results. Calculations are made for skin friction and the rate of heat and mass transfer.

The outcomes are portrayed in the form of tables and graphs with a wide range of parameter involved in the study. It is observed that the local thermal energy transfer rate enriches on increasing the value of both thermal and solute slips. The solutal slip parameter suppresses the solute transport rate and thermal slip supports the solute transport.

Combining the Dufour and Soret effects is used in oil reservoirs, binary alloy solidification and isotope separation in mixtures of gases. Heat exchangers, nuclear reactors and thermal engineering can all benefit from the usage of nanofluid with Joule heating.

This study is mainly useful for thermal sciences and chemical engineering.

The investigation of the effects of slip circumstances and Joule heating on magnetohydrodynamic rotating nanoliquid stream with thermal radiation and cross-diffusion makes this work unique. The discoveries produced are valuable and distinctive, and they have applications in many areas of thermal science and technology.

The nature of policework is uniquely challenging to officers’ mental health, producing detrimental outcomes such as higher rates of suicide, substance abuse and divorce compared to other occupations. This is especially true in small and rural police departments, where officers often have broader responsibilities and cover a larger geographic area than their counterparts who work in large urban departments. Given the limited resources available to small and rural police, the purpose of this study is to explore the mental health services available to officers in small and rural police departments.

We used a mixed methods approach. First, we surveyed 349 small and rural Pennsylvania police chiefs about the mental health services in their department. Of these chiefs, 53 participated in subsequent in-depth qualitative interviews about officer awareness of the mental health services available to them, what resources they thought would be helpful to officers and what barriers exist to prevent officers from seeking help.

Quantitative results indicated that 22% of small and rural police departments had no mental health programs available to officers; Critical Incident Stress Management and Employee Assistance Programs were most commonly available. Budget size and the presence of a union influenced whether a department had mental health programs available to officers. Qualitative interviews found that although most departments provided some mental health services, officers were unlikely to use them. Chiefs expressed a need for improved services that officers might be more likely to use.

Given the lack of resources available in small and rural police departments and the lack of adoption of some resources, we recommend peer assistance, general wellness programs and telehealth as feasible options for officer mental health.

Small and rural police comprise the bulk of policing in the USA, yet remain understudied. This study focuses on small and rural police.

The article explores the process of using LinkedIn to recruit hard-to-reach groups, reflecting on our experience of the football industry. We propose LinkedIn as a viable option to mitigate recruitment challenges, particularly in employment-focussed research.

We examine how LinkedIn was used to recruit 43 football backroom staff for a sociological research study. It outlines the process of using LinkedIn to contact participants, the ethical considerations made throughout the research process and reflects on why LinkedIn was effective for a primarily employment-focussed study.

We discuss the importance of insider knowledge for identifying LinkedIn as a potentially fruitful recruitment tool and how the functionality of the platform can be beneficial for a targeted recruitment method. We also explore the ethical and practical considerations of using social media for recruitment.

Previous research discusses social media as if they are indistinguishable and interchangeable with one another and we argue that this neglects the importance of a platform’s functionality. We discuss how the decision to use a particular social media platform to recruit should be grounded in the researcher’s familiarity with the site, the functionality the platform offers and the sample recruited. This article explicitly explores the considerations taken when using LinkedIn to help overcome recruitment challenges.

This article discusses the importance of the relationship between cultural awareness (CA) training and post-training reflection in the health-care sector, and considers the implications for future developments for CA training in relation to content, audience, process and format.

A total of 77 health and social care professionals (HCSPs) took part in a 4-h CA training, 25 of whom also opted for an additional optional reflection hour. The results reported on in this paper are drawn from the experiences of the 25 participants in the optional reflection sessions (RSs), using a thematic analysis approach.

Participants highly valued the “safe space” in both the CA workshop and the optional follow-on RS, enabling them to share experiences, revisit topics and feel supported to put things into practice. They also reported a growing confidence in dealing with intercultural challenges, in particular in asking questions and being curious about topics they did not understand.

This research points towards a strong recommendation for open-ended CA training, allowing participants to articulate their experiences, fears and concerns. It also highlights the importance of a follow-on RS as an integral part of CA training; both of these were found to offer opportunities for strengthening HSCPs’ skills and facilitate the transition of learning from the workshop context into the workplace, with the ultimate aim of reducing inequalities in the quality of patient care.

The literature highlights that health care in the UK is not always well adapted to meet the needs of individuals from different cultural backgrounds and within the context of the asylum system. This study aims to explore culturally adapted health support in the context of wider social and community support, to enable post-migration growth and ameliorate the impact of migratory grief.

A community based participatory approach was used. The research team, and community organisation supporting this group, collaborated as equals to foster trust and reciprocity in research. Two focus groups were run in Arabic with a professional interpreter with 14 male participants from six different countries, all with lived experience of the asylum process.

The findings are reported under three major themes: pre-migration experiences (home, journeys and disaster), post-migration stress (suffering and meaning) and post-migration growth (hope, kinship and healing).

The findings suggest that group interventions and peer support are beneficial and acceptable across diverse backgrounds and immigration statuses, though further research is needed to assess the effectiveness of different group based well-being interventions across cultures.

Our study confirmed the priority of social determinants of health such as housing, food insecurity and social inclusion, which therefore require joined up approaches in policy between health, voluntary and local government sectors. At a policy level, further emphasis should be placed on creating structures to support these elements to prevent longer term impacts of migratory grief on emerging mental health conditions and enable coping with stress.

This study confirmed the key role of meaningful activities (such as physical activity, volunteering and cooking), daily routine, culturally acceptable food, access to places of worship, purpose and activities which offer distraction and fulfilment in shaping grief reactions following loss.

This study confirms that migratory grief is a distinct process that requires careful detection by culturally adapted conversations and language. It suggests how to adapt well-being interventions to support post-traumatic growth and the unique potential for group based interventions outside of Home Office accommodation to reduce psychopathology due to migratory grief.