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Controversy has long swirled over the claim that Donald Trump's base has deeply rooted authoritarian tendencies, but Trump himself seems to have few doubts. Asked whether his stated wish to be dictator “on day one” of second term in office would repel voters, Trump said “I think a lot of people like it.” It is one of his invariable talking points that 74 million voters supported him in 2020, and he remains the unrivaled leader of the Republican Party, even as his rhetoric escalates to levels that cautious observers now routinely call fascistic.

Is Trump right that many people “like” his talk of dictatorship? If so, what does that mean empirically? Part of the answer to these questions was apparent early, in the results of the 2016 American National Election Study (ANES), which included survey questions that we had proposed which we drew from the aptly-named “Right-Wing Authoritarianism” scale. Posed to voters in 2012–2013 and again in 2016, those questions elicited striking responses.

In this chapter, we revisit those responses. We begin by exploring Trump's escalating anti-democratic rhetoric in the light of themes drawn from Max Weber and Theodor W. Adorno. We follow this with the text of the 2017 conference paper in which we first reported that 75% of Trump's voters supported him enthusiastically, mainly because they shared his prejudices, not because they were hurting economically. They hoped to “get rid” of troublemakers and “crush evil.” That wish, as we show in our conclusion, remains central to Trump's appeal.

Intergroup contact is crucial for social cohesion, especially in metropolitan cities. However, in segregated cities, public spaces are challenged by the division between different social groups and the tension associated with their mutual presence. While several studies assure the value of intergroup contact, very few inform urban designers on how to create spaces that overcome segregation and allow positive encounters. This paper investigates one of the public spaces of intergroup contact: Digla Square, in Cairo, Egypt.

The paper first develops an interpretive framework to investigate intergroup contact in segregated cities. Afterwards, it uses that framework to approach Digla Square for the case study. The methods used to collect data from the field included unstructured observations and in-depth, semi-structured interviews with representatives from all social groups encountering the square.

Coding the collected data relying on constructivist grounded theory identified three themes: Digla Square as a place to live, work and play; to appropriate and personalize and to build a common community character. Discussion of the findings reveals an explanation of the phenomenon and draws on connecting the identified themes to existing urban theories.

The paper affords an innovative approach to studying intergroup contact in segregated cities. It also provides a practical framework for empirical and/or field study and the analysis of the results. Moreover, the paper proposes a new perspective towards understanding the phenomenon of intergroup contact in public spaces in metropolitan cities. Lastly, it specifies more human-centred insights for urbanists towards better place-making for their public spaces.

When CEOs are publicly weighing in on sociopolitical debates, this is known as CEO activism. The steadily growing number of such statements made in recent years has been subject to a flourishing academic debate. This field offers first profound findings from observational studies. However, the discussion of CEO activism lacks a thorough theoretical grounding, such as a shared concept accounting for the heterogeneity of sociopolitical incidents. Thus, the aim of this paper is to provide an archetypal framework for CEO activism.

The authors used a multiple case study approach on 145 activism cases stated by CEOs and found seven distinct statement archetypes.

The study identifies four main structural design elements accounting for the heterogeneity of activism, i.e. the addressed meta-category of the statement, the targeted outcome, the used tonality and the orientation of the CEOs’ positions. Further, the authors found seven distinguishable archetypes of CEO activism statements: “Climate Alerts”, “Economy Visions”, “Political Comments”, “Self-reflections and Social Concerns”, “Tech Designs”, “Unclouded Evaluations” and “Descriptive Explanations”.

This typology classifies the heterogeneity of CEO activism. It will enable the analysis of interrelationships, mechanisms and motivations on a differentiated level and raise the comprehensibility of research-results.

The framework supports executives in understanding the heterogeneity of CEO activism and to analyse personality-fits.

To the authors’ knowledge, this marks the first conceptualisation of activism developed cross-thematically. The work supports further theory-building on CEO activism.

The purpose of this study is to find out the place of non-managerial workers, including blue- and gray-collar workers, through analyzing how different schools of thought in the strategic management (SM) literature approach strategy making from the viewpoint of an organizational hierarchy, especially top-level management team, or human competence, no matter whether they occupy any hierarchical position. There is a gap in the literature regarding the extent to which non-managerial workers engage in SM processes. While their role has been acknowledged by many scholars, there is a need for further explanation of how different schools of thought in SM hold varying assumptions about organizational actors in non-hierarchical positions. In this regard, this study aims to question the dominant hierarchy logics of different strategy schools. This will be done through analyzing the strategy literature with a “strategy-making skills & capability centered” lens, and conceptualization of the hierarchical positions’ role in SM will be criticized. By this way, the role of gray- and blue-collar workers in SM literature would be better understood.

This study explores the interplay between governance and growth in privately held, family-run small and midsize enterprises.

We used an abductive, exploratory and longitudinal methodology, using data from two semi-structured interviews and an online questionnaire completed by 17 owner-managers of family farms in Quebec, Canada.

The study highlights the crucial role of corporate governance in facilitating the growth of family farms. The findings indicate that implementing formal governance mechanisms early in a firm’s lifecycle can significantly facilitate growth. Three distinct phases of corporate governance were identified, with governance either concurrently or sequentially related to growth, depending on the phase. Farms progressed to a new lifecycle phase when gaps arose between their growth trajectory and their human and organizational capacities or due to changes in ownership or generational turnover.

The findings indicate that, to foster growth, farmers should proactively establish formal governance mechanisms from the onset, tailored to their specific growth objectives. Recommended practices include financial, strategic and investment planning; delegating operational responsibilities and the creation of governance bodies, such as family councils or boards.

This study advances our understanding of corporate governance lifecycles by confirming the dynamic relationship between growth and governance in private, family-run enterprises, including during the early stages of development.

Understanding work and its improvement from the individual’s perspective has become a critical issue in the 21st century. We are witnessing an overwhelming amount of information that is contributing to high stress levels among workers worldwide, which in turn has a significant impact on their physical health. From Imai's (1986) concept of Kaizen-Individual and Ohno’s (1978) idea of Manual Kaizen, the individual has always been at the heart of Kaizen philosophy. Recent research continues to explore this concept, focusing on aspects such as a sense of urgency or self-improvement. In this way, the purpose of this research is to explore and understand in depth Individual Kaizen in the micro work of Japanese companies; for this, the following research question is available: How is Individual Kaizen implemented in the work processes of the Japanese manufacturing companies examined?

The methodology used was qualitative due to its exploratory nature. To this end, the strategy of multiple case studies was used during stays in manufacturing companies in Japan. Methods of direct observation, documentary analysis, and in-depth semi-structured interviews were used.

The study in Japanese companies shed light on the micro work environment and how workers execute their processes through operational standards focused on visual control (mieruka), individual and manual Kaizen as well as quality at the source. With all this context, the result was that Individual Kaizen is made up of four major elements: willingness to improve (Jishusei), life purpose (Ikigai), sense of urgency and commitment to work (Kodawari).

The authors acknowledge that this study may have certain limitations due to its exploratory nature. Although a case study methodology was employed, limitations are always possible, primarily due to the small sample size and the bias that may arise from leaving out certain companies or key actors. Furthermore, the interviews were conducted only in a few Japanese companies, most of which are large and have an international presence.

Few studies have analyzed Kaizen in Japan, perhaps those by Brunet and New (2003), Macpherson (2015) and Yokozawa et al. (2021). However, delving deeper into the term Individual Kaizen in the micro-work of Japanese companies is novel and unique, in the sense of generating more theoretical constructs of Kaizen. First article that attempts to explain this work dynamic in micro work through Individual Kaizen.

This paper aims to examine the creation of the first commercial school in early independent Argentina in 1826 – the Academy of Accountancy of Buenos Aires (AABA) – at the request of the Argentine Government, which entrusted its direction to French expatriate Amédée Brodart, who was considered an expert in commercial education.

This study adopts a microhistory approach based on individual biography and archival research. First, it investigated published biographies of contemporary political figures Brodart had been in contact with. Then, the Argentine archives of the Ministry of Finance and the Arturo Jauretche Museum of the Bank of the Province of Buenos Aires provided information on Brodart’s life during his expatriation to Latin America. Finally, the French Archives of the Paris National Library and ESCP Business School in Paris provided information on Brodart’s life before his departure for Argentina and after his final return to France. These primary sources include extracts from Brodart’s correspondence, financial ledgers, study plans and a few rare iconographic documents.

AABA was connected to a nationalist agenda: to develop Argentinian trade to overcome national underdevelopment and to counter political agitation in the country. However, the lack of local expertise in commercial education, as well as Argentine authorities’ desire to avoid depending on foreign powers, led them to call on a French expatriate rather than on a network of organizations to open this school.

This paper contributes to the literature on the history of commercial education in Latin America and to the literature on the international transfer of commercial education models. This paper is also among the first to consider the origin story of Argentina’s relationship with commercial education.

This research offers new reflexive perspectives on the emergence of commercial education in Latin America by highlighting the agentivity of local actors.

Through a lens of dependency ambiguity, this paper repositions narratives of the development of commercial education in Latin America away from a Western-centric explanation, highlighting the role of local contextual actors. In doing so, it offers an alternative history of commercial education focused on Latin America.

The period from 1950 to 2010 in Asia witnessed numerous conflicts that profoundly shaped the sociopolitical landscape of the region. This study provides a comprehensive examination of the dynamics of these conflicts, with a particular focus on conflict-induced displacement and gender-based violence (GBV). By synthesizing existing research and employing descriptive statistical analysis, this study presents essential information on the duration and intensity of conflicts during this era. Conflict-induced displacement and GBV emerge as significant challenges, profoundly affecting millions of lives and altering the demographic and social fabric of numerous countries. In this study, descriptive statistical data analysis serves as a preliminary tool, providing a foundational exploration of these issues. While this approach reveals important trends and patterns, it does not quantify the extent of impact. Instead, it sets the stage for future research to delve deeper into causality and the underlying mechanisms driving these phenomena. This study underscores the importance of addressing conflict-induced displacement and GBV as critical aspects of conflict dynamics. By highlighting these challenges and the specific impacts on women, it contributes to the ongoing discourse on conflict resolution and postconflict reconstruction in Asia, paving the way for more nuanced and in-depth investigations in the future.

This study investigates the application of collaborative inquiry within innovation management, employing platform thinking to address challenges of generalizability and relevance. The aim is to integrate Collaborative Inquiry methods, characterized by participatory, diffuse, and reflective practices, to transform research into a tool for impactful change in organizations in the field of innovation management.

A longitudinal participatory case study approach focuses on the IDeaLs case—a research platform that collaborated with multiple companies over several years. The data gathered and analyzed comes from the research project within the research platforms over the first two editions and from the research platform management and coordination activities.

The study introduces the Collaborative Research Platform Approach (CRPA), demonstrating its effectiveness in addressing typical constraints of traditional research methodologies through a real-world application within the IDeaLs case. The findings highlight the CRPA's potential in fostering a dynamic, co-creative research environment that bridges theoretical knowledge with practical applications, thus enhancing both scholarly and organizational outcomes while pursuing a future change within the organizations.

There are two main research implications. First, it proposes platform thinking as a theoretical lens to read a multi-stakeholder phenomenon in the research domain, confirming its nature of value-creation mechanisms, using it outside the business model and strategic space. Second, it offers a methodological contribution by presenting the CRPA framework.

The CRPA framework offers organizations a structured approach to managing collaborative research projects that align with both academic rigor and practical relevance. Companies engaged in the study reported enhanced ability to implement actionable insights from research, influencing real-time decision-making processes.

By fostering collaborative engagements across multiple stakeholders, the CRPA promotes a research culture that values inclusivity and practical impact, potentially leading to broader societal benefits through improved innovation management practices.

This paper contributes to the innovation management field by proposing the CRPA, which integrates principles of Platform Thinking with Collaborative Inquiry. This novel approach is designed to improve the applicability and scope of innovation research, offering a robust framework that enhances engagement and utility across academic and business domains. It uses platforms as a theoretical lens to read a multi-stakeholder environment in the research domain.

We aim to explore the role of the interplay between intuition and rationality in the causation-effectuation decision-making processes of small creative businesses during their international expansion.

We developed process research to investigate the causation-effectuation decision-making processes during the internationalization of a creativity-intensive small business located in Brazil. In just three years, its cartoon reached screens in 80 countries.

We discovered an orthogonal relationship between causation and effectuation moderated by the balance between intuition and rationality, enabling small creative businesses to successfully navigate internationalization by adapting to contractual demands and exploring creative opportunities. To explain these relationships, we offer five process-based propositions for further studies.

We reconstructed the internationalization process based on retrospective interviews, so eliminating all biases from rationalization may have been impossible. We elucidate the interrelationship between causation-effectuation decision-making logic and demystify that decision-making effectuation logic is predominantly intuitive. We provide evidence that rational thinking permeates the entire decision-making process as a process of building the future.

Understanding causation-effectuation decision-making processes in creativity-intensive small businesses can be helpful for other businesses because they nurture production on a large scale.

The study emphasizes the importance of creativity-intensive small businesses to countries’ economies. Creativity-intensive businesses grow in other industries and generate many jobs in mature industries.

We demystify the decision-making assumption that effectuation logic is predominantly intuitive while causation logic is rational. Instead, we show that these logics coexist and interact orthogonally and dynamically.