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As the today's world is leading toward the digital dependency and after the world pandemic of COVID-19, the dependency of students and the university is completely through a digital medium, in context with that the higher education according to the demand of the generation is leading towards digital transformation. The digital transformation in the sector of education is the road map for the sustainable management and development of education. The digital transformation is the new pillar of education in which the students are mostly reliable. The digitalization in the field of education will lead to simple and clarified as well as multiple way for acquiring the knowledge. As the integration of the new model of education system is applied and implemented throughout the globe, the digital medium plays a significant role for the smooth and the systemic development of the model. In this chapter, the pathway for the development of the well-stable and well-developed strategies is considered in which the integration of the essential requirements, proper guidance, and advantages of the model is dependent for the transformation to digital medium of the higher education that will be leading to the development of the management and the education system. The foundation of that transformation model is detailed in the paper for the digitalization of higher education.

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether indicating victims of sexual attacks actively resisted their attacker or froze during their assault affected perceptions of victim blame, perpetrator blame and seriousness of the crime. We also tested whether victim and perpetrator gender or participants’ rape myth endorsement moderated the outcomes.

This study was a cross-sectional, vignette survey study with a 2 × 2 between-participants experimental design. Participants read a mock police report describing an alleged rape with a female or male victim who either resisted or froze, while perpetrator gender was adjusted heteronormatively.

Freezing and male victims were blamed more than resisting and female victims. Perpetrators were blamed more when the victim resisted, but male and female perpetrators were blamed equally. Seriousness of the crime was higher for male perpetrators and when the victim resisted. Female, but not male, rape myth acceptance moderated the relationship between victim behaviour and outcome variables.

This study highlights the influence of expectations about victim behaviour on perceptions of rape victims and the pervasive influence of rape myths when evaluating female rape victims. The data is drawn from the German border region of the Netherlands, which is an especially valuable population given the evolving legal definitions of rape in both countries.

Uncertainty in commodity pricing is a major cause of concern for farmers of developing countries like India. To observe the decision-making process of farmers of Burdwan district of West Bengal, India, the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) model is employed to measure the extent of volatility in spot prices of potato and also to observe the existence of seasonal effects; Agmarknet database provided by Government of India over the period of 2003–2019 has been used. The market price of potato decreased during its season of production and peaked during the off-season period. The result implies that the volatility of potato forecasting is tending towards the standard error correction in the long run and from 2003 to 2019; the trend of potato price was influenced by multiple events. The result indicates that the farmers must focus on short-run structural events in the potato market.

Consumer choice theory (CCT) and the law of diminishing marginal utility help to explain shoppers that value less and prioritize needs. Additional units provide a marginal return on investment. Buying more does not mean equivalent gains for additional money spent. The researchers developed and validated the necessity shopper scale (NSS) to study need-focused shoppers.

The researchers followed standard psychometric practices to create and validate the NSS. The researchers performed item development, data collection, exploratory analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and predictive validity analysis using survey data (N = 1,266).

Discriminant and convergent validity analyses demonstrated that the measure was distinct from existing measures. Predictive validity analysis found necessity shoppers (NS) are more likely to buy one over buy one get one half off (BOGOHO). NS were associated with a higher connection to community/group (CTCG). Higher hyperopia (i.e. disinclination to indulgence) with necessity shopping beliefs heightened this CTCG. A higher CTCG was associated with a greater likelihood to select BOGOHO.

NS (more connected to others) buy more to share with others, while buying just enough for themselves. Social connections are long-term investments involving more people and more needs to fulfill. Brands marketed with communal values and able to enhance social connections are discussed as implications to encourage NS to buy more.

These words of introduction locate me on my tribal ancestral lands, and centres me as belonging to the Martuwarra, Fitzroy River in the Kimberley region of Western Australia. My family and community’s inter-generational lived experiences of colonisation are grounded in the characteristics and learnings of “conflict, manipulation, dived and rule” as invasive unjust strategies of oppression and anti-dialogic action. These characteristics of oppression reflect invasive and unjust developments, colonialism continues to impact on our daily lives and threaten our cultural heritage, lifeways and livelihoods (Freire, 2005).

I understand the Net Zero: Heritage for Climate Action is a first of its kind, a capacity development project that aims to use Indigenous knowledge to develop integrated strategies for disaster risk reduction, climate action and peacebuilding (Jarillo and Crivelli, 2024). Importantly, one of the aims of the Net Zero Project is to enhance risk reduction and coping capacities of vulnerable heritage communities. In this way, my video story speaking directly to the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) highlights the interconnected issue of heritage safeguard, upholding cultural rights and sustainable development of our people who are vulnerable cultural bearers, importantly, how we are working to effect change locally, while strengthening efforts globally, as we see ourselves as planetary citizens with a duty of care to Mother Earth and humanity (Redvers et al., 2020).

The opportunity for freedom is being created through the growing coalitions of hope (Poelina, 2020). Organisations with a regenerative focus are connecting, networking, collectively thinking and transforming our world by being brave and challenging legal systems to recognise “rivers” as the lifeblood of our planet and our survival co-dependent on “a declaration of peace with Indigenous Australians with natures laws and first law” (RiverOfLife et al., 2024). Together we are decolonising our thinking; uniting and bringing together a pluriverse of ideas and actions to right size our planet and give humanity and Mother Earth a climate chance (RiverOfLife et al., 2024).

The final question, I ask my country and the world to sustain my culture, my home, my lifeways and my livelihood “can we achieve peace, harmony and balance”? Can we shift from business as usual, to the new economies, through intentional communities, through bicultural and bioregional planning and development? If the answer is yes, then there is hope for humanity, and the young ones yet to be born. Let us adopt the values, ethics and virtues found in First Law as a gift to healing our lands, our people and climate.

It is clear from the voices of Yi-Martuwarra people, “If [our] River Dies, We Die” (Moore et al., 2023). When we stand united, we hold the dreaming time, from past, present and future, and we sing together a new “Martuwarra River Time” song. Through this moral and ethical partnership of hope the Net Zero Project Heritage for Climate Action ignites the opportunity to transform climate change, climate chaos and provide the climate chance through just us!

Yi-Martuwarra people highlight the need for dialogue, unity, cooperation and multiple forms of evidence, to understand the cumulative impacts of development. It is clear from the voices of Yi-Martuwarra people, “If [our] River Dies, We Die” (Moore et al., 2023). When we stand united, we hold the dreaming time, from past, present, and future, and we sing together a new “Martuwarra River Time” song. Through this moral and ethical partnership of hope the Net Zero Project Heritage for Climate Action ignites the opportunity to transform climate change, climate chaos and provide the climate chance through just us!

As the impacts of climate change continue to intensify, it is imperative to centre Indigenous well-being in adaptation efforts by enabling bottom-up approaches via community-led solutions, promoting land rights, protecting traditional heritage and cultural practices and cultivating social connections. Given the increasing recognition of well-being as a fundamental marker of successful adaptation, it should be central to climate change research and policymaking, but for this to be of benefit to Indigenous Peoples and local communities context-specific understandings of health and well-being are necessary (Jarillo and Crivelli, 2024).

Teachers’ responses to students’ mistakes vary based on their countries’ social culture. We investigated the cultural script in a Mongolian lesson on teachers’ responses to students' mistakes.

We employed transcript-based lesson analyses and cultural transcript approaches. We gathered data from a Mongolian lesson and analysed the transcripts, emphasising the students’ mistakes.

We avoided drawing conclusions and offering recommendations on the shortcomings of Mongolian lessons because our approach was from a cultural standpoint. The teacher of our research lesson and interviewee teachers placed less emphasis on working with students' mistakes than other elements of teaching. They tended to ignore or merely acknowledge the students’ mistakes in order to continue the lesson as planned. During our discussions, we explored the potential relationship between the behaviourist approach and the way teachers handle their students' mistakes. We also considered how the subject matter might influence the types of mistakes. These findings could guide future research in this area.

Though we tried to enhance the representativeness of our study with interviews, we were not satisfied with the qualitative analysis. Future research should focus more on conducting interviews and discussions with Mongolian and Japanese educators to incorporate cross-cultural perspectives. It will provide valuable insights for successfully adapting lesson studies in Mongolia.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there has been no international publication on Mongolian lesson studies on students’ mistakes. The cultural perspective of Mongolian lessons may be valuable to a global audience given the uniqueness of the Euro-Asian nomadic culture that is fast adapting to urbanisation in the globalising world.

Sexual harassment is a worldwide and prevalent problem that can have severe consequences. The #MeToo movement has highlighted that sexual harassment is not an isolated event and is linked to misogynistic cognitions and other forms of sexual violence. However, there is a lack of research regarding the relationship between sexual harassment and its nomological network, particularly in the general population. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to explore the nomological network of harassment.

The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between perception of harassment and rape myths (RMS), with paraphilia (fantasy and behaviour) as mediators. In addition, the prevalence of paraphilia in the general population was explored and gender difference was analysed. Frequencies, Pearson's r correlations, independent sample t-tests and mediation analyses were conducted on a sample of n = 254 participants from the general population.

Analyses revealed that half of the sample have engaged in at least one paraphilia behaviour. Furthermore, correlations between a more lenient perception of harassment, RM acceptance and paraphilia were found, as well as significant gender differences. Finally, mediation models revealed a strong relationship between RM acceptance and a more lenient perception of harassment, with paraphilia mediating this relationship.

This study has several implications, highlighting the role of misogynistic cognitions in predicting a lenient perception of sexual harassment, and thus, proposing a key focus for prevention and intervention models.

This research is mostly conducted on male samples in these areas; thus, this study aimed to collect data from a diverse sample that may provide a better overview of sexual harassment and its nomological network.

One of the primary challenges associated with excavation near buildings is the significant decrease in the bearing capacity of nearby foundations during the initial stages before the stabilization of the excavation wall. This study aims to investigate the correlation between excavation height and foundation-bearing capacity under actual field conditions.

This paper uses a three-dimensional rotational failure mechanism to propose a novel method for estimating foundation-bearing capacity using the upper bound limit analysis approach.

The study delineates two distinct zones in the excavation height versus bearing capacity diagram. Initially, there is a significant reduction in foundation-bearing capacity at the onset of excavation, with decreases of up to 80% compared to its undisturbed state. Within a specific range of excavation heights, the bearing capacity remains relatively constant until reaching a critical height. Beyond this threshold, the entire soil mass behind the excavation wall becomes unstable. The critical excavation height is notably influenced by the soil's internal friction angle, excavation slope angle and soil cohesion parameter. Notably, when the ratio of excavation height to foundation width is less than 0.4, changes in slope angle have no significant impact on bearing capacity.

The bearing capacity estimates derived from the method proposed in this paper are deemed to reflect real-world scenarios closely compared to existing methodologies.

The boundary integral method (BIM) is very attractive to practicing engineers as it reduces the dimensionality of the problem by one, thereby making the procedure computationally inexpensive compared to its peers. The principal feature of this technique is the limitation of all its computations to only the boundaries of the domain. Although the procedure is well developed for the Laplace equation, the Poisson equation offers some computational challenges. Nevertheless, the literature provides a couple of solution methods. This paper revisits an alternate approach that has not gained much traction within the community. The purpose of this paper is to address the main bottleneck of that approach in an effort to popularize it and critically evaluate the errors introduced into the solution by that method.

The primary intent in the paper is to work on the particular solution of the Poisson equation by representing the source term through a Fourier series. The evaluation of the Fourier coefficients requires a rectangular domain even though the original domain can be of any arbitrary shape. The boundary conditions for the homogeneous solution gets modified by the projection of the particular solution on the original boundaries. The paper also develops a new Gauss quadrature procedure to compute the integrals appearing in the Fourier coefficients in case they cannot be analytically evaluated.

The current endeavor has developed two different representations of the source terms. A comprehensive set of benchmark exercises has successfully demonstrated the effectiveness of both the methods, especially the second one. A subsequent detailed analysis has identified the errors emanating from an inadequate number of boundary nodes and Fourier modes, a high difference in sizes between the particular solution and the original domains and the used Gauss quadrature integration procedures. Adequate mitigation procedures were successful in suppressing each of the above errors and in improving the solution accuracy to any desired level. A comparative study with the finite difference method revealed that the BIM was as accurate as the FDM but was computationally more efficient for problems of real-life scale. A later exercise minutely analyzed the heat transfer physics for a fin after validating the simulation results with the analytical solution that was separately derived. The final set of simulations demonstrated the applicability of the method to complicated geometries.

First, the newly developed Gauss quadrature integration procedure can efficiently compute the integrals during evaluation of the Fourier coefficients; the current literature lacks such a tool, thereby deterring researchers to adopt this category of methods. Second, to the best of the author’s knowledge, such a comprehensive error analysis of the solution method within the BIM framework for the Poisson equation does not currently exist in the literature. This particular exercise should go a long way in increasing the confidence of the research community to venture into this category of methods for the solution of the Poisson equation.

This paper describes a model of “Learning to care” derived from a study exploring how care workers in care homes learn to care for people living with dementia. The “Learning to care” model is primarily informal in nature in which influences such as formalised training and organisational culture impact care outcomes indirectly rather than directly.

This study used a focused, critical ethnographic approach in two care homes in England resulting in 63 h of observation of care of people living with advanced dementia, 15 semi-structured interviews and 90 in-situ ethnographic interviews with care staff.

The findings reveal a three-level model of learning to care. At the level of day-to-day interactions is a mechanism for learning that is wholly informal and follows the maxim “What Works is What Matters”. Workers draw on resources and information within this process derived from their personal experiences, resident influences and care home cultural knowledge. Cultural knowledge is created through a worker’s interactions with colleagues and the training they receive, meaning that these organisational level influences affect care practice only indirectly via the “What Works is What Matters” mechanism.

This study makes an original contribution by explaining the nature of day-to-day informal learning processes as experienced by care workers and those living with dementia in care homes. In particular, it illuminates the specific mechanisms by which organisational culture has an effect on care practice and the limitations of formal training in influencing such practice.