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Following calls at different times in the United States for the definition of the body of knowledge (BOK) of real estate discipline, this briefing sets out to define the intellectual boundaries of real estate and applies the definitional concept to map out the scopes of real estate professions and real estate valuation vocation

The study essentially uses a literature review to draw out definitional issues that have been tackled before. It reviews calls that have been made in the past for a definition of the BOK of the real estate discipline. Further, it reviews past attempts at definition to reveal why they failed at the definition project.

The study found three key suggestions made in the past: that there is a need to define real estate’s BOK, that there is a need to use a “central structure” to define the BOK of real estate, and that definition of the BOK of real estate should rely on the activity nodes that constitute real estate. The study has relied on these three key ideas to define real estate as the science of value creation, distribution and sustenance in built space.

The definition of the BOK will help in curriculum development for real estate education. It will help faculties and departments to single out what fits into the real estate curriculum and what does not fit in.

A definition of the BOK for real estate: reconceptualizing the discipline and delineating jurisdictional boundaries of its practice.

The main goal of this study is to develop accounting students’ solidarity with and sensitivity to cooperation for sustainable development. This study also aims to analyze the role of participatory learning activities in developing the dimensions of involvement, critical reflection and thinking analysis.

This empirical study analyzes a case study activity conducted in accounting seminars with students from different universities in Spain. After completing the activity, the students completed a questionnaire divided into four areas: sociodemographic information, involvement, critical reflection and creativity. Students also answered an open-response question that asked them to propose new activities to enhance their learning experience and contribute more to sustainable development. The study thus used mixed methods, complementing quantitative analysis with qualitative data.

The multivariate analysis obtained significant results showing that female students were more willing to help and that most students said they were more sensitive to these issues after the participatory learning activity. Furthermore, the items and dimensions analyzed revealed a positive impact of involvement, critical and creative thinking and participatory learning on accounting students’ commitment to cooperation for sustainable development. When students answered the open-response question, they proposed more activities to enhance their learning and improve the functioning of the Non-Governmental Organization’s (NGO’s) beneficiary. HEIs must design more transversal courses aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals in their social science degrees.

The study not only examines university education in sustainable development but goes a step further in trying to involve students in a real development project from a financial and accounting point of view. The study also focuses on education for sustainability, and the project invites the students to think critically, reflect and assess real situations.

This study explores working mothers’ perceptions of fairness in work and home environments through real-world social media discussions. It examines how these perceptions shifted due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Using a naturalistic approach, we analyzed 13,560 comments from 4,076 unique users on Reddit to convert qualitative data into quantitative variables. A nonparametric factorial ANOVA was employed to assess the relationship between fairness perceptions and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on these perceptions in both work and home settings.

The analysis revealed that working mothers predominantly express negative perceptions of fairness in both environments. Contrary to initial expectations, the pandemic did not exacerbate these perceptions. However, conversations involving both work and home contexts showed a more positive tone, suggesting the benefits of remote work scenarios introduced by the pandemic.

This study uniquely applies sentiment analysis to naturalistic social media data, offering real-time insights into how working mothers discuss fairness. Unlike traditional survey methods, this approach captures daily lived experiences, particularly in a crisis context, revealing new aspects of the work–family conflict.

This study aims to investigate the mental health treatment journeys of stigmatized consumers using user-generated content (UGC) while also examining the role of UGC in the journey.

This study offers valuable insights from 68 distinct, stigmatized consumers through a qualitative content analysis of 73 YouTube product review videos related to ten antidepressants. Data is coded, combining inductive coding with theory to provide a nuanced interpretation. Applying the Common-Sense Model of Self-Regulation to traditional consumer journey concepts, the analysis of UGC is structured by a unique mental health treatment journey.

The findings show that consumers use UGC to destigmatize their mental health treatment by engaging in dynamic reflection throughout their journey, rather than following traditional feedback models. Unlike typical consumption patterns, where search is limited to the initial stage, these consumers search at every journey phase while sharing insights that offer valuable support to others which, sometimes they report, is reciprocated by viewers.

Theoretically, this study introduces an innovative framework blending psychological and marketing theories to address a gap in health-care service marketing literature concerning long-term mental health treatment journeys. By introducing the concept of dynamic reflection, it demonstrates how consumers actively engage in and share insights throughout their treatment process, differing from traditional feedback models, and highlights the impact of UGC on health-care service provision.

Findings could inform potential health-care provider interventions that may improve treatment effectiveness.

Although stigmatized consumers’ experiences have been examined, their treatment experiences have not been framed within a journey framework.

To evaluate the temperature-dependency of the Young’s and shear moduli of concrete after exposure to moderately elevated temperatures using the non-destructive impulse excitation technique (IET).

The study involved heating the concrete up to 225 °C and measuring the dynamic Young’s and shear moduli using the non-destructive technique of impulse excitation, which measures the natural vibration frequency from a mechanical impulse received by an acoustic sensor. The effects of temperature on the dynamic Young’s and shear moduli were analysed and the importance of the spatial variability of the measured values was also verified.

The study found that even moderately elevated temperatures (below 225 °C) resulted in a significant permanent reduction in the Young’s modulus of concrete (reduction in the range of 23%–36% for the maximum temperature considered in this research) as well as a modest and permanent reduction in the shear modulus of around 6%. It was also observed that spatial variability of the mechanical properties of concrete plays an important role in the measured values; higher dispersion of the results was found for the values of the Young’s and shear moduli of concrete measured along the height of the beam. The non-destructive test method used in this study was found to be extremely useful in the investigation of heat-related damage in concrete structures for its ease of use, low time consumption and accuracy. The results were consistent with the published literature.

This study provides important insights into the temperature-dependent behaviour of the dynamic Young’s and shear moduli of concrete and highlights the significance of proper consideration of the spatial variability of the measured values. The use of a non-destructive test method for continuous acoustic testing during heating and cooling proved to be effective, and the findings contribute to the fields of materials science and civil engineering in understanding the effects of elevated temperatures on concrete properties. The findings confirm that IET can be easily used to gather important information in the condition assessment and rehabilitation of concrete structures after a fire event. Further studies to foster the application of this technique to real structures are suggested.

This chapter relies on tax records to estimate the distribution of wealth in 19th century Lima. In particular, by using real estate tax records of 1836 and 1857, I estimate the distribution of wealth of proprietors of Lima prior and during the Guano Era. I find that wealth inequality among proprietors remained practically the same in those two years. During this period of economic bonanza, social mobility was possible but did not change the distribution of wealth. Wealth inequality remained practically the same across real estate proprietors. On the other hand, a comparison of the wealth of proprietors and the labor income of laborers suggests that inequality between proprietors and low-skilled workers increased during the Guano Era.

This study examines how social influences (need to belong and fear of missing out) and the perceived credibility of health claims affect the intention to purchase foods with health claims.

Data were obtained from a web-based survey of 844 Spaniards aged 25 years and older, with sex and age quotas. Real product images with health claims contextualized the purchase intention questions, aiding respondents who often struggle to differentiate health from promotional claims.

Both personal and social dimensions of fear of missing out (FoMO) influence the desire to belong to a healthy group. The intention to purchase food with health claims is also positively associated with the desire to belong. The results reflect the importance of FoMO and the need to belong in enhancing consumers’ tendency to purchase products with health claims. The results also reflect the importance of purchase intention in making health claims perceived as credible.

This study integrates individual aspects (belief in the credibility of health claims) with social aspects (belonging and FoMO) to analyze the intention to purchase foods with health claims. Using authentic product images to aid consumer comprehension adds an innovative dimension, addressing a gap in consumer behavior research.

本研究擬探討社會影響(歸屬的需要和錯失機會的恐懼)和保健聲稱的感知可信性，會如何影響消費者購買附有保健聲稱食品的意向。

數據取自一個網上調查，研究人員調查了844名年齡為25歲或以上的西班牙人，調查設有性別和年齡的配額。研究人員使用附有保健聲稱的真實產品形象，來設計與情境相配合關於購買意向的問題，這對難於把保健聲稱與促銷聲稱區分的應答者來說是有幫助的。

恐懼錯失機會的個人維度和社會維度兩者均會影響想隸屬於保健團體的渴望; 而消費者購買附有保健聲稱食品的意向又與這渴望成正相關。 研究結果顯示，就增強消費者購買附有保健聲稱產品的意向而言，錯失機會的恐懼，以及想隸屬的渴求均有其重要性。 研究結果亦顯示，若要為保健聲稱建立可信的聲譽，購買意向是重要的因素。

本研究透過合併個人層面 (對保健聲稱可信性的信任)與社會層面 (歸屬感和錯失機會的恐懼)，來分析消費者購買附有保健聲稱食品的意向。研究人員使用真實的產品形象，以幫助消費者理解，就此而言，這為消費者行為研究填補了空白，成為一個創新的維度。

Arthroscopic osteochondroplasty is a minimally invasive procedure that has been used to treat femoroacetabular impingement syndrome, leading to significant improvements in patients’ clinical outcomes and quality of life. However, some studies suggest that inadequate bone resection can substantially alter hip biomechanics. These modifications may generate different contact profiles and higher contact forces, increasing the risk of developing premature joint degeneration. To improve control over bone resection and biomechanical outcomes during arthroscopic osteochondroplasty surgery, this study aims to present a novel system for measuring femoroacetabular contact forces.

Following a structured design process for the development of medical devices, the steps required for its production using additive manufacturing with material extrusion and easily accessible sensors are described. The system comprises two main devices, one for measuring femoroacetabular contact forces and the other for quantifying the force applied by the assistant surgeon during lower limb manipulation. The hip device was designed for use within an arthroscopic environment, eliminating the need for additional portals.

To evaluate its performance, the system was first tested in a laboratory setup and later under in-service conditions. The 3D printing parameters were tuned to ensure the watertighness of the device and sustain the intraoperative fluid pressures. The final prototype allowed for the controlled measurement of the hip contact forces in real-time.

Using additive manufacturing and readily available sensors, the present work presents the first device to quantify joint contact forces during arthroscopic surgeries, serving as an additional tool to support the surgeon’s decision-making process regarding bone resection.

This article presents a fuzzy cognitive map for the evaluation of innovation in organizations.

The purpose of this paper is to develop a model to evaluate the innovative capacity of organizations based on fuzzy cognitive maps (FCM), particularly for micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs). The specification of the innovation evaluation model based on FCM was carried out with the “Intelligent Decision Support System” methodology. It is a six-step methodology: selection of experts, definition of concepts and relationships, model design, inference, interpretation and decision.

Our approach yielded good results in three case studies, effectively determining the level of innovation in an organization. The fuzzy cognitive maps demonstrated a high level of accuracy, with an accuracy of 82% in the Colombian case studies and 92% in the global case studies. These results highlight the effectiveness of the model for quantitatively assessing levels of innovation within organizations. Furthermore, the study revealed the most influential and essential innovative activities/variables within organizations, contributing significantly to the improvement of their operations and competitiveness.

It is important to automate the definition of the relationships between the concepts of the context and of our FCM. It is also possible to improve the behavior of the FCM by analyzing the variables with a greater impact on the level of innovation and very dynamic in the context since they are the variables to be observed in real-time to follow the evolution of the innovative behavior of an organization.

The study found that innovative activities emerged as an influential factor in organizations, essential to improving their operations and competitiveness. Our model can help in identifying areas that require improvement to impact positively organizations. By improving innovation assessment through the FCM model, organizations can anticipate higher profitability because innovations are often closely tied to revenue generation and cost savings. The tool can determine the necessity of new products or services, improve operational processes or enter new markets.

The previous results in the literature show that although there are relevant advances on this topic, there is not enough knowledge to provide clear guidelines for evaluating innovation and improving performance in an organization using intelligent systems. Also, previous works have not defined a framework for evaluating innovation in MSMEs based on FCMs. They also do not use the data of an organization to assess the key characteristics related to innovation. This work applies FCM to automate the evaluation of the process and the capacity for innovation in an organization. These are the main differences between our approach and previous studies.

The lack of conceptual approaches for organizing and expressing capabilities, usage and impact of intelligent machines (IMs) in work settings is an obstacle to moving beyond isolated case examples, domain-specific studies, 2 × 2 frameworks and expert opinion in discussions of IMs and work. This paper's purpose is to illuminate many issues that often are not addressed directly in research, practice or punditry related to IMs. It pursues that purpose by presenting an integrated approach for identifying and organizing important aspects of analysis and evaluation related to IMs in work settings. 

This paper integrates previously published ideas related to work systems (WSs), smart devices and systems, facets of work, roles and responsibilities of information systems, interactions between people and machines and a range of criteria for evaluating system performance.

Eight principles outline a straightforward and flexible approach for analyzing and evaluating IMs and the WSs that use them. Those principles are based on the above ideas.

This paper provides a novel approach for identifying design choices for situated use of IMs. The breadth, depth and integration of this approach address a gap in existing literature, which rarely aspires to this paper’s thoroughness in combining ideas that support the description, analysis, design and evaluation of situated uses of IMs.