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This study has been conducted to understand the elements of the employee health and safety climate in a steel factory with 1,200 employees, the focus was on employee participation and communication, which are at the center of the ISO 45001 Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Management System standard. The main aim has been to provide the framework to manage OHS risks and opportunities. Data were obtained through 14 focus group (FG) interviews with 133 blue- and gray-collar workers, including foremen, assistant foremen, shift supervisors, and engineers, in February 2023. The data were analyzed using the MAXQDA 2022 qualitative data analysis program. It was aimed to create a unique inductive model from the data collected under nine themes, and the model was created with grounded theory based on detecting, defining, and integrating meaning categories in the qualitative research literature. Analyses focused on the themes of communication and participation, modeled as “intervening variables” in the study conducted with a qualitative method. The results revealed that effective communication, including providing direct information to employees and establishing trust-based relationships, training and development programs and interventions strengthening employees’ approaches related to OHS are required. Employee participation in work and decisions, as an act of doing–learning–understanding related to real life, has the power to transform employee behavior more than issues that are “known on paper.” Additionally, in terms of social sustainability, it is important to underline for employees to be heard in the process of creating successful workplaces that ensure employee well-being.

This study aims to determine the extent to which the textile industry considers ecological issues in the supplier evaluation process by examining the relationships between environmental and operational criteria.

The supplier evaluation process within the industry was examined using the Fuzzy DEMATEL-based Analytic Network Process (FDANP) hybrid method. Criterion relationships were determined using the Fuzzy DEMATEL method. Two different ANP processes (the classical DANP approach and the new DANP approach) were used to assess the criterion weights, and the analysis results were compared. The satisfaction levels of suppliers with whom businesses collaborated were also examined using IPA analysis.

The results of the hybrid approaches with different steps in the study also differ. While the classic FDANP approach prioritizes cost and quality in the green supplier evaluation process, green products and EMS come to the fore according to the new FDANP approach. In addition, while businesses are satisfied with the operational performance of suppliers, their environmental performance remains below average.

This study was conducted in a sector-specific context, limited to Denizli province and green raw material suppliers.

This study revealed important findings regarding environmental awareness in buyer-supplier relations in the textile industry and offers a practical decision-making tool for decision- makers.

The results of this study may help industrial enterprises gain an environmental perspective when planning their operations to create a more sustainable environment.

This study contributes to the literature from a holistic perspective by examining the role and importance of operational and environmental criteria in the green supplier evaluation process in the textile industry.