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The current study investigates the significance of ethics-oriented HRM systems (EHRMS) and ethical leadership in addressing the unethical behavior of Machiavellians in professional services firms.

Our study used a multi-source, multi-wave design to investigate the impact of EHRMS and ethical leadership on the unethical behavior of Machiavellians using a sample of 364 employees.

Our results reveal that EHRMS moderates the relationship between Machiavellianism and unethical behavior, while ethical leadership does not significantly moderate this relationship. Our results suggest that EHRMS has a significantly stronger impact on managing the unethical tendencies of Machiavellians than ethical leadership.

The study offers unique insights into the differential effects of EHRMS and ethical leadership in moderating unethical behavior among Machiavellians. The findings are also unique, as they highlight that the receptivity of ethical leadership depends on the individual differences of followers/employees.

The aim of this article is to develop an original framework that explores how the adoption of diversity and inclusion policies mediates the relationship between board composition and market value.

Using secondary data from the Refinitiv Eikon database, 413 Latin American publicly traded companies were analyzed from 2018 to 2021. Three independent variables related to board composition were used. Firstly, they were tested as antecedents of diversity in organizations. Secondly, diversity was tested as a driver of market capitalization. Multivariate analysis was applied, and discussions were anchored in upper echelons theory.

The empirical results presented evidence that board size and independence positively affect diversity policies and program development in organizations. On one hand, in our analyses, gender diversity lost significance. On the other hand, findings reveal that companies that develop more diversity and inclusion policies tend to have a higher value in terms of market capitalization.

We propose a hierarchy process for firms to reach value, starting with board composition’s influence on diversity and, in a second stage, the diversity as a driver for market capitalization. Furthermore, although prior research has examined the relationship between diversity and firm performance, there is a research gap regarding emerging countries.

When Russia invaded Ukraine on February 24, 2022, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy confronted the aggressors on the military front while galvanising Ukrainians and fighting a parallel war on the information battlefield. This study examines Zelenskyy’s communication strategy in the first 100 days of the conflict and his use of mainstream media to share the Ukrainian story globally. It also aims to provide an opportunity in modern history to explore communication led by a head of state.

This case study focuses on Zelenskyy’s external communication with the global mainstream media and evaluates his 77 official speeches and interview transcripts within the first 100 days. Using the inductive categorisation approach (Berg, 2009), a comprehensive dataset analysis was made to distill the different message types, media platforms used, target audiences and any embedded rhetorical elements. These were evaluated using the stakeholder theory (Freeman, 2002), mediating the media model (Pang, 2010) and information vacuum (Pang, 2013; Woon and Pang, 2017) as the study’s theoretical lens.

Zelenskyy focused on four key audience groups in the first 100 days of the conflict and scaffolded his audience engagement at different points in time. He tailored his rhetoric specifically to the country of his audiences and dominated the information space by using first-person accounts to connect with audiences, ensuring disinformation and alternate narratives were debunked. His use of “direct video press release” enabled mainstream media globally to report him as they were a ready form of information subsidy.

This study contributed to understanding Zelenskyy’s efforts in identifying targeted audiences and his curated communication strategy. Zelenskyy understood the prevailing contexts of his messages, saturated the information space on multiple platforms and sought to eliminate countervailing narratives, particularly from Russia, from forming in the information vacuum (Pang, 2013). As this study was focused on how he leveraged mainstream media, future studies could examine how he leveraged social media that were harnessed in communication. Zelenskyy’s verbal and non-verbal cues could also be examined to understand how this may influence stakeholder perceptions.

The study found practical lessons to show how Zelenskyy engaged with different audiences who could directly and indirectly influence Ukraine’s defence against Russian aggression and aligned his communication with his national strategic objectives even as the conflict unfolded. These can serve as a foundational framework for national leaders navigating crises in today’s information landscape and provide valuable insights into effective leadership and crisis communication.

Few studies have examined how a leader communicates in times of crises, specifically one of such scale with international involvement. This study is a nascent attempt to do so, with the hope that it would provide critical insights into effective media communication and lay the groundwork for future research in this evolving field.

This investigation is devoted to analyze the electroosmotic flow characteristics in a sinusoidal micropipe through a porous medium. This study aims to investigate the impact of surface waviness on Darcy–Brinkman flow in the presence of electroosmotic force, achieved through the unification of perturbation techniques.

Analytical approximate solutions for the governing flow equations are obtained through the utilization of a perturbation method.

The analytical study reveals that the periodic roughness on the surface of the micropipe generates periodic disturbances not only in the potential fields but also in the velocity profiles. An increase in the relative waviness of the pipe leads to the generation of corresponding waviness within the boundary layers of the flow. Surface waviness reduces the average velocity by increasing frictional resistance, while higher Darcy numbers and electroosmotic parameters lead to higher velocities by reducing flow resistance and enhancing electrokinetic forces, respectively. In addition, the presence of waviness introduces higher flow resistivity, contributing to an overall increase in the friction factor. Higher permeability in porous media induces boundary-layer reverse flows, resulting in elevated flow resistivity.

The current findings offer valuable insights for researchers in biomedical engineering and related fields. The author’s discoveries have the potential to drive advancements in microfluidic systems, benefiting various domains. These include optimizing drug delivery in biomedical devices, improving blood filtration applications and enhancing the efficiency of fluid transport in porous media for engineering applications.

This study aims to generalize the Baker and Sterling’s model (2017) by additionally considering viscous flow and introducing a cylindrical central zone of low pressure. Unlike other models, in which the azimuthal velocity is deduced as a special solution using the variables-separable approach, the novelty in this is that it yields a more general form.

Flow is incompressible, steady, axisymmetric and viscous. Radial velocity is assumed similar to that of the Baker and Sterling model (2017) by incorporating a central low-pressure zone. The continuity and the Navier−Stokes equations are employed to obtain other velocity components and pressure. Unlike earlier models, azimuthal velocity is obtained from the radial and the axial momentum equations.

Azimuthal velocity does not asymptotically vanish in the radial direction, it rather sharply reduces to zero, which is practically observed in real vortices occurring in nature. Also, with an increase in water content in tornado fluid, the vortex becomes slightly thinner with comparatively slower rotation. Furthermore, the consideration of a central low-pressure zone shifts the maximum of the axial velocity somewhat away from the boundary of the low pressure. Also, as the low-pressure zone narrows, pressure from the outer zone to the boundary of the low-pressure central zone drops more rapidly, representing a stronger vortex.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no such analysis is available in the literature. The work is original and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere. Also, the analysis is balanced and fair.

The purpose of this paper is to examine how digital literacy influences knowledge sharing and academic performance among graduate students in online learning environments.

Structural equation modeling via AMOS was utilized to test the research hypotheses in this cross-sectional study. Students’ digital literacy, their knowledge sharing, and their academic performance in online learning environments were surveyed by questionnaires. The sample of 330 graduate students was selected from a leading public university in Iran. Based on a stratified sampling approach, the recruited students answered questionnaires based on their degree level and field of study.

The results demonstrated that digital literacy was a positive and significant predictor of knowledge sharing and students' academic performance. Furthermore, the study revealed that knowledge sharing mediates the relationship between digital literacy and academic performance.

Our findings revealed that digital literacy positively and significantly predicts knowledge sharing and academic performance. This may be attributed to the fact that digital literacy is essential for developing digital learning in higher education. Conducting research on the antecedents and consequences of digital literacy in academic environments may prove attractive to future researchers.

Research on the influence of digital literacy on students’ knowledge sharing and academic performance in online learning environments is scarce. This study suggests that improving students’ digital literacy and knowledge sharing can enhance their performance in online learning environments, and it is a recommendation for university educators and educational technologists. Gaining insight into the influence of digital literacy on how students share knowledge and their academic achievements in virtual learning environments can have numerous managerial ramifications for administrators and instructors in higher education.

This research investigated how lesson study (LS) served as mathematics teacher educators’ (MTEs’) professional development. Using Wenger’s (1998) social theory of learning (STL) framework based on communities of practice (CoP), the authors demonstrate how MTEs’ learning evolved throughout the LS process.

The four dimensions of Wenger’s (1998) STL (learning as belonging, learning as experience, learning as doing and learning as becoming) were used to systematically code MTEs’ written reflections across the phases of LS. A Pearson chi-squared test for association was run to determine significant relationships between phases of LS and the dimensions of MTE learning.

MTEs’ learning varied across the phases of LS. Learning as belonging was significant in the initial planning and implementation cycle phases. Learning as experience was significant during the initial planning and final reflection phases. Learning as becoming was significant in the implementation cycle phase.

This study was limited to a group of five early-career MTEs who engaged in a modified LS process, which limits the scope of the findings.

Understanding how teachers learn through engagement in LS can provide insight into how to impact teacher learning.

It has been posited that one means of participant learning from LS is through the development of CoP. This paper explicitly considers the role of the evolving CoP by adopting Wenger’s (1998) STL as both theoretical grounding and an analytical approach to studying learning as members of a CoP engage in LS.

This study aims to shape the future trajectory of scholarly research on traditional, reputational and societal supply chain risks and their management.

The research uses a narrative literature review of the overview type. To control bias stemming from the subjectivity of the methodology, the authors synthesized the relevant literature transparently and established various safeguarding procedures.

The established research stream on traditional supply chain risk has generated a wealth of concepts that can potentially be transferred to the study of reputational and societal risks. The maturing research stream on reputational risks has mostly focused on risk manifestation, from the upstream perspective of the focal firm. The emerging scholarship on societal supply chain risks has anecdotally highlighted detrimental effects on contextual actors, such as society-at-large.

This study shifts scholarly attention to the role of the context in the risk manifestation process – as a potential risk source for traditional supply chain risk, during the risk materialization for reputational supply chain risk, and as the locus of the risk effect for societal supply chain risk.

This review is unique in that it fosters a holistic understanding of supply chain risk and underscores the increased importance of the context for it. The socioeconomic, institutional and ecological contexts connect the three reviewed research streams. Detailed research agendas for each literature stream are developed, comprising 23 topical areas in total.

This paper aims to synergize the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) theory with the Intelligent Career theory (ICT) to identify the potential influence of career competencies (CCs) on individual work performance.

We explore a motivational process within JD-R theory, where CCs such as knowing-why, knowing-how, and knowing-whom serve as personal resources to optimize contextual performance (CP), task performance (TP), and reduce counterproductive work behavior (CWB). The study comprises two phases with samples of human resource (HR) professionals in India. Phase-1 (N = 107) involves adapting measurement instruments through exploratory factor analysis, while phase-2 (N = 396) tests the model using structural equation modeling. We applied the confirmatory factor analysis marker technique, with “conflict avoidance” as the non-ideal marker variable.

Our research indicates that CCs positively influence TP based on statistical and substantive significance. However, their influence on CP and CWB lacks substantive significance.

This study enhances the JD-R theory by highlighting individual performance as a key outcome of personal resources, like CCs, within the theory’s motivational process.

Organizations can structure skill development programs to align with specific CCs and desired outcomes, using them as benchmarks to assess effectiveness.

To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to apply both JD-R theory and ICT in a work context, specifically among Indian HR professionals, which remains an unexplored area. Additionally, we assume that CCs may initiate motivation independently, even in the absence of job resources.

The purpose of this study was to develop the modified risk calculator for the Pakistani population based on differences in perceived versus actual risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2-DM).

A cross-sectional study design was developed to assess the study sample of 296 individuals from the Pakistani population. The data was collected using a questionnaire divided into three parts: general health, the validated Risk Perception Survey for Developing Diabetes (RPS-DD) and actual T2-DM risk assessment.

The study findings showed that among the total participants, 70.27% reported a low perceived risk of developing T2-DM, whereas 29.72% reported a high perceived risk when considering their family history. Regarding actual risk, males showed a 59% higher likelihood of developing T2-DM than females, who have a 50% higher risk. The modified calculator includes physical activity, fatty food consumption, age 34–65 and over 65, depression and artificially sweetened beverages.

This study experienced limited representativeness; many participants provided incomplete nutritional and knowledge information. It involved 296 individuals, mostly from one province and a few from other provinces of Pakistan. Therefore, the results can be generalized to the whole Pakistani population.

This study underscores the need for targeted interventions to enhance risk perception, inform preventive strategies and further investigate the interplay between perceived and actual risks in T2-DM in Pakistan.

The outcomes of this study can help Pakistani individuals who perceive themselves at an elevated risk of developing T2-DM. There is a general awareness among the Pakistani population regarding T2-DM. In contrast to perceived risk, the data on actual risk reveals a significant disconnect.

In Pakistan, there is a lack of research on perceived versus actual risk factors for developing T2-DM. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that evaluates the actual risk factors of developing T2-DM based on culture and dietary diversity in Pakistan.