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The main objective is to develop a new design methodology for pressure hulls, prioritizing steel weight reduction without compromising structural safety. Genetic algorithms (GA) will be employed to optimize the structural weight of the hull of a pressure vessel, considering the Det Norske Veritas (DNV) standard formulation. This includes optimizing both the scantling of the pressure hull and the dimensions of the frames while complying with constraints based on the DNV regulation: nominal, over-immersion and collapse pressures. The proposed solution will be analyzed using finite element analysis (FEA) to verify that the obtained scantlings meet the design requirements.

An optimization of the design parameters of the structure of a pressure hull based on GA is proposed. The starting point is individuals randomly generated by combining the different values that each parameter will take. The surviving designs will be required to meet DNV standards and will be ranked according to the structural weight of each design. Prevailing will be those genes that make designs that comply with the standards and are less heavy. Finally, the feasibility of the design proposed by the GA will be tested by FEM.

The structural integrity of the design resulting from the application of GA (which complies with DNV regulations) has been evaluated by means of FEM considering different constructive defects. In summary, the proposed methodology combined with GA provides a preliminary design of the pressurized hull in a fast way, ensuring compliance with the structural requirements according to the current regulations. Furthermore, this design is optimized in terms of its own weight. The reduction in structural weight provides a reserve of buoyancy that can be used to increase other weight categories, thus extending the operating time of the pressure vessel.

This novel approach allows to quickly obtain a preliminary design of a pressure hull structure optimized for minimum weight and ensuring compliance with classification societies. The proposed methodology provides the user with a preliminary design with lower material cost and allows the increase of other weight items.

The purpose of this paper is to provide a critical perspective on how the COVID-19 crisis shaped inclusive leadership behaviors of global business leaders.

Using quantitative and qualitative methods, the authors analyzed 240 CEO statements in 120 multinational enterprises from six countries (France, India, Japan, South Korea, UK, USA), pre- and mid-COVID-19.

Results show that CEO emphasis on inclusive leadership increased during the pandemic. More substantively, the authors identify three key behaviors of inclusive leadership – fidelity, calmness and collective resilience.

The authors provide empirical evidence of inclusive leadership behaviors by global business leaders. In doing so, the authors integrate inclusive leadership into societally engaged international business research.

The white nationalist project of establishing a racially homogeneous state out of the United States hinges on the pursuit of power through the fragmentation of national spaces along racial lines. In a shifting political context, prominent ideologue Jared Taylor perceives Joe Biden's 2020 electoral victory as an opportunity to further engage his audience. This chapter offers a discourse analysis of seven audiovisual productions published by Taylor on the online magazine American Renaissance between the 3 November 2020 presidential election and the 6 January 2021 Capitol Hill riot. Through a multidisciplinary approach encompassing political science, race studies and information science, this case study illuminates how white nationalism uses fragmentation as both an objective and an argument. A fracture of the information contract seeks to define extremism as a bastion of objective truth, countering perceived mainstream media bias. The electoral dynamics subsequently serve as a vehicle for reshaping political dynamics and recasting partisan divisions as racial polarisation. Ultimately, this narrative arc steers towards a new strategic orientation, redefining the contours of territorial fragmentation and the white nationalist agenda itself.

This chapter explores Taylor Swift’s leadership in music and business. Highlighting her use of leader–member exchange (LMX) and servant leadership (Dansereau et al., 1975), Swift creates a deep connection with her fans. This chapter demonstrates how Swift empowers her fans through open communication, mutual respect, and shared goals. By fostering high-quality relationships and embodying servant leadership traits such as empathy and stewardship, Swift inspires loyalty and trust. Her high level of engagement with her followers turns her influence into a powerful tool for advocating her values and making impactful decisions.

This study aims to explore experiences of the Framework for Integrated Care's team formulation process within a secure children’s home in northern England, from the perspective of care and education staff.

Four focus groups were facilitated, with a total of 25 participants. The focus groups discussed a number of key areas, including: staff experiences of team formulation; the usefulness of the process; the wider impact of the process; and ways the formulation process could be developed. The data set was analysed using Rapid Qualitative Analysis (Hamilton, 2013).

Six overarching themes and a number of accompanying subthemes were developed. The six themes were: (i) new ways of understanding; (ii) enabling communication; (iii) young person should be at the centre; (iv) practical considerations; (v) developing accessibility: a systemic lens; and (vi) developing the focus.

Ten implications for practice within secure children’s homes and wider establishments are outlined. These relate to various aspects of the formulation process, including the preparatory work, meeting attendance, the focus of the formulation and dissemination.

Research within the context of secure children’s homes is expanding and has included the direct involvement of young people. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study utilising a qualitative, focus group method to consider the experiences of team formulation from the perspective of the wider care and education staff team in a secure children’s home.

In light of the expanding prominence of work-integrated learning (WIL), the pedagogical model that integrates work experiences into an academic curriculum, this paper presents a systematic review that uncovers little-explored students’ reflections of quality (RoQ).

Drawing on the concept of wayfinding rocks and Bronfenbrenner’s (1979) ecological systems theory, the “students’ RoQ (pronounced [ROK]) WIL model” offers guidance for future research, policy development and educational interventions aimed at optimizing students' experiences of WIL.

This paper highlights RoQ WIL through student voice. The outcomes offer a model, contributing insights for institutions, employers and students involved in WIL experiences.

While the study addresses specific limitations such as the use of specific search terms and potential biases, future research is needed to explore cultural capital’s influence on WIL quality. A focus on broadening the scope of data collection to include a more comprehensive range of student perspectives is needed.

The paper suggests practical implications for institutions, employers and educators in designing WIL programs that prioritize student perspectives, ultimately enhancing the quality of WIL experiences.

By focusing on students' RoQ in WIL, this paper fills a significant gap in the literature and provides a foundation for future research and practice in optimizing WIL engagement and outcomes.

The purpose of this study is to examine the quality of African business schools (ABSs) mission statements (MSs) based on the number and types of elements and the relevance of the elements to the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). MSs are ubiquitous in higher education, but research on ABSs MSs quality and relevance to SDG is non-existent.

A qualitative approach with content analysis was used to systematically examine ABSs MSs retrieved from institutional websites. The MSs were analyzed based on an adopted ten-element framework of MSs for quality and relevance to sustainability.

This study revealed that only 39.4% of the MSs of the top 200 ABSs reviewed were publicly accessible via institutional websites. The examined MS shows a moderate quality (number of elements used) that varied partly by the institutional structural characteristics. On sustainability, six elements of the MS framework were found to be conceptually relevant to SDGs 4, 5, 8, 13 and 17. However, the analysis of ABSs MSs revealed a weak contribution to the SDGs.

Data on some ABSs MSs may have been missed because they are inaccessible, and this study did not measure actual but potential contributions to SDGs via MS elements. A qualitative follow-up study with interviews is necessary to assess how institutions implement the MS elements relevant to the SDGs.

Guidelines for developing and enhancing MSs of African higher education institutions are prescribed to ensure quality and relevance to the current societal needs and for sustainable quality education.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to examine the quality of the ABSs MSs and their comparability across Africa. This study is also the first to operationalize a ten-element framework of MSs and conceptualize how MS elements are linked to the SDGs.

Amid the Israel-Hamas conflict in October 2023, social media platforms such as Instagram, have emerged as crucial platforms for millions seeking real-time insights, as well as those disseminating information about the conflict. Trending search terms on Instagram, such as “graphic Israel footage”, “live stream in Israel right now,” or #FreePalestine and #SaveSheikhJarrah, revealed a collective thirst for unfiltered frontline perspectives by users. Interestingly, individuals actively posting about the conflict experienced shifts in follower engagement, exemplified by the suspension of activist, Shaun King, whose 6-million followership Instagram account was disabled in December 2023.¹ Digital platforms play critical roles in escalating tensions, exposing governmental cruelty, and rallying international support (Burum, 2016; David, 2014). The case of Palestine and Israel underscores online media’s role in constructing narratives and mobilizing resistance. This study seeks to illuminate the connection between visual storytelling, youth activism, and social media dynamics during conflict (Abushbak et al., 2020; Burum, 2016; David, 2014; Pruchnic, & Ceraso, 2020). This chapter examines textual and visual content by applying Textual-Visual Thematic Analysis to content posted on Instagram. This is done to understand Instagram users’ discourse in October 2023 on Instagram. It analyzes how content shapes narratives and seeks to identify any patterns in the narratives shared by selected Instagram users. As such, this study aims to offer insights into the role that social media, particularly Instagram, plays in influencing narratives, fostering youth activism, and shaping public discourse during conflict.

This case is written on the basis of available secondary data sources including news articles, book chapters, video (YouTube) interviews, research papers and industry reports.

The case study examines Taylor Swift’s professional journey from her debut in the mid-2000s to the present, highlighting her notable accomplishments as a singer-songwriter and entrepreneur. Swift’s success in music, evident through chart-topping albums, sold-out tours and strategic partnerships, positions her as a significant figure in the industry. However, her primary challenge involves maintaining relevance and staying ahead in a continually evolving environment. To sustain her leadership role, Swift must consistently innovate across music, public image and promotional approaches. This entails adapting to changing trends, using digital platforms for increased audience engagement and exploring themes such as audience connection, brand evolution, effective marketing and the ongoing pursuit of competitiveness and influence amid dynamic market conditions. This case delves into Taylor Swift’s evolution as a multifaceted entrepreneur, exploring her strategies to merge personal values with commercial success while navigating public scrutiny and market demands. It highlights her strategic use of social media, engagement with controversies and carefully crafted personal brand to maintain her global influence.

This case may be taught in advanced undergraduate level courses or graduate level courses such as MBA. This case is appropriate for students studying entrepreneurship, marketing and business strategy.

Being open-minded means listening to others’ proposals, even if they go against our criteria. Although having an open mindset is the key to “open innovation,” we find that many managers are reluctant to make sustainable changes, either because they prefer to stick to what they know and prefer to stay in their comfort zone or just because they are embarrassed to assume errors or ignorance in certain issues of an environmental nature. The study aims to examine the role of green skills in overcoming defensive rigidity and defensive embarrassment barriers that hinder open innovation.

A questionnaire-based survey was administered to 208 SMEs in the Spanish textile industry. The data collected were processed and analyzed using the partial least squares structural equation modeling technique (PLS-SEM) and SmartPLS 4.

The study reveals that green skills significantly contribute to the development of open innovation and the mitigation of defensive routines among managers. This indicates that equipping managers with green skills can reduce their defensive rigidity and embarrassment, thereby fostering a more open and innovative organizational culture.

This research is original in its focus on the Spanish textile industry and its exploration of the specific psychological barriers that managers face in adopting sustainable innovations. By highlighting the importance of green skills, it provides a novel perspective on overcoming defensive routines to promote open innovation.