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This study aims to investigate the influence mechanism of brazing and aging on the strengthening and corrosion behavior of novel multilayer sheets (AA4045/AA7072/AA3003M/AA4045).

Polarization curve tests, immersion experiments and transmission electron microscopy analysis were used to study the corrosion behavior and tensile properties of the sheets before and after brazing and aging.

The strength of the sheet is weakened after brazing due to brittle eutectic phases, and recovered after aging due to enhanced precipitation strengthening in the AA7072 interlayer. The core of nonbrazed sheets cannot be protected due to the significant galvanic coupling effect between the intermetallic particles and the substrate. Brazing and aging treatments promote the redissolved of second phased and limit corrosion along the eutectic region in the clad, allowing the core to be protected.

AA7xxx alloy was added to conventional brazed sheets to form a novel Al alloy composite sheet with AA4xxx/AA7xxx/AA3xxx structure. The strengthening and corrosion mechanism of the sheet was proposed. The added interlayer can sacrificially protect the core from corrosion and improves strength after aging treatment.

This study aims to investigate the corrosion inhibitor effect of migrating corrosion inhibitor (MCI) on Q235 steel in high alkaline environment under cathodic polarization.

This study investigated the electrochemical characteristics of Q235 steel with and without MCI by polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Besides, the surface composition of Q235 steel under different environments was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. In addition, the migration characteristic of MCI and the adsorption behavior of MCI under cathodic polarization were studied using Raman spectroscopy.

Diethanolamine (DEA) and N, N-dimethylethanolamine (DMEA) can inhibit the increase of Fe(II) in the oxide film of Q235 steel under cathodic polarization. The adsorption stability of DMEA film was higher under cathodic polarization potential, showing a higher corrosion inhibition ability. The corrosion inhibition mechanism of DEA and DMEA under cathodic polarization potential was proposed.

The MCI has a broad application prospect in the repair of damaged reinforced concrete due to its unique migratory characteristics. The interaction between MCIs, rebar and concrete with different compositions has been studied, but the passivation behavior of the steel interface in the presence of both the migrating electric field and corrosion inhibitors has been neglected. And it was investigated in this paper.

The purpose of this paper is to prepare a multifunctional nanocomposite that is slow-release and resistant to seawater corrosion and biofouling corrosion and to explore the synergistic effect between the two corrosion inhibitors.

The morphology, structure and release properties of CAP@HNTs, BTA@HNTs and CAP/BTA@HNTs were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, specific surface area analysis and UV spectrophotometry. The corrosion resistance and antimicrobial properties were investigated by electrochemical measurements and bioinhibition rate tests, and the synergistic effect between the two corrosion inhibitors was explored by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

The CAP/BTA@HNTs are responsive to acidic environments and have significantly improved antibacterial and corrosion resistance compared with CAP@HNTs and BTA@HNTs. CAP and BTA have a positive synergistic effect on anticorrosion and antifouling.

Two types of inhibitors, anticorrosion and antifouling, were loaded into the same nanocontainer to prepare a slow-releasable and multifunctional nanocomposite with higher resistance to seawater corrosion and biocorrosion and to explore the synergistic effect of CAP and BTA on corrosion resistance.

The purpose of this study is to reveal the effect of nano-Al₂O₃ particle addition on the nucleation/growth kinetics, microhardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of Co–P–xAl₂O₃ nanocomposite plating.

The kinetics and properties of Co–P–xAl₂O₃ nanocomposite plating prepared by electroplating were investigated by electrochemical measurements, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Vickers microhardness measurement, SRV5 friction and wear tester and atomic force microscopy.

A 12 g/L nano-Al₂O₃ addition in the plating solution can transform the nucleation/growth kinetics of the plating from the 3D progressive model to the 3D instantaneous model. The microhardness of the plating increased with the increase of nano-Al₂O₃ content in plating. The wear resistance of the plating did not adhere strictly to Archard’s law. An even and denser corrosion product film was generated due to the finer grains, with a high corrosion resistance.

The effect of different nano-Al₂O₃ addition on the nucleation/growth kinetics and properties of Co–P–xAl₂O₃ nanocomposite plating was investigated, and an anticorrosion mechanism of Co–P–xAl₂O₃ nanocomposite plating was proposed.

We adopt an information risk view and argue that higher levels of pledge risk incurred by insiders incentivize opportunistic financial disclosure and impair the quality of information available to analysts to forecast firm performance.

We sample Chinese listed companies from 2010 to 2022. Following the literature, we apply established models to measure and test analysts’ forecasting accuracy/dispersion related to controlling shareholders pledging equity and the amount of margin call pressure. Analyst characteristics and nonfinancial disclosures proxied by CSR reports are also examined as factors likely to influence the relationship between pledge risk and analysts’ forecast quality.

We find that analysts’ earnings predictions are less accurate and more dispersed as the proportion of shares pledged (pledge ratio) increases and in combination with greater margin call pressure. Pledge ratios are significantly associated with several information risk proxies (i.e. earnings permanence, accruals quality, audit quality, financial restatements, related party transactions and internal control weaknesses), validating the channel through which equity pledges undermine analysts’ forecast quality. The results also demonstrate that forecast quality declines for a wide variety of analysts’ attributes, including high- and low-quality analysts and analysts from small and large brokerage firms. Importantly, nonfinancial disclosures, as proxied by CSR reporting, improve analysts’ forecasts.

We extend the literature by demonstrating that incremental pledge risk increases non-diversifiable information risk; all non-pledging shareholders pay a premium through more diverse and less accurate earnings forecasts. Our study provides important policy implications with economically significant costs to investors associated with insider equity pledges. Our results highlight the benefits of nonfinancial disclosures in China, which has implications for the current debate on the global convergence of CSR reporting.

In terms of understanding the new issues emerging in the practice of monetary policies and how to evaluate the latest theories of monetary policy, this paper proposes referring to Das Kapital and developing a monetary policy theory grounded in Marxist political economy.

Based on the discussion of interest-bearing capital in Das Kapital and using a heterogeneous agent model, this paper tries to explain the determining mechanism of interest rate, leverage ratio, and asset price.

The research finds that if there are differences in the techniques possessed by capital, the resulting disparities in production efficiency will lead to differences in profit rates and further influence the functional choices of capital in the movement of social total capital. Thus, with the formation of lending relationships, interest rates, leverage ratios, and asset prices will be endogenously determined simultaneously. Moreover, as the degree of technological diffusion influences the industrial capitalists’ willingness to take loans as well as the level of profit rates, there may be counter-cyclical changes in the returns on productive investment and financial investment at different stages of the technology life cycle, contributing to diverting funds out of the real economy. Besides, this paper discusses the challenges, tools, and goals of monetary policy within the credit money system.

Clarify the intrinsic mechanism of the functional differentiation of capital determined by heterogeneous technologies and exogenous capital-labor relation and analyze the impact of capital differentiation on the economy.

This study aims to explain the market-oriented transformation dilemma of Chinese urban investment and development companies (UIDCs; also known as local government investment and financing companies) and objectively evaluate their transformation efficiency from both static and dynamic perspectives. The results of the research provide methodological bases for improving the transformation efficiency of UIDCs, thus pointing out the direction for the rational planning of their transformation path.

This study takes Chinese UIDCs in market transformation during 2015–2019 as the research object and uses principal component analysis to screen the index system for measuring the efficiency of market transformation. It then uses a three-stage data envelopment analysis model and the Malmquist productivity index to evaluate the market transformation efficiency of these companies during 2015–2019 and comprehensively analyzes the influence of external environmental factors on the market transformation of Chinese UIDCs.

Research results show that the transformation efficiency of Chinese UIDCs is low and slow overall and that large spatial and temporal differences exist. The transformation efficiency of UIDCs located in eastern China is higher than that of UIDCs in central and western China. The higher the external environmental factors of regional GDP, local debt service pressure and credit rating, the more likely they are to cause input redundancy in the transformation process of Chinese UIDCs, which is not conducive to their market-oriented transformation. In addition, the higher the urbanization rate, the more effective it is to improve the efficiency of market-oriented transformation of UIDCs. If the influence of environmental factors is stripped away, both the overall efficiency value and pure technical efficiency value of market-oriented transformation of Chinese UIDCs will increase while the scale efficiency value becomes smaller.

This research measures the transformation efficiency of Chinese UIDCs and comprehensively analyzes the influence of external environmental factors on their market-oriented transformation. The goal is to enrich the study of the market-oriented transformation efficiency evaluation index system of Chinese UIDCs at the theoretical level and provide important reference values for improving the efficiency of market-oriented transformation of Chinese UIDCs at the practical level.

Unsupervised domain adaptation object detection not only mitigates model terrible performance resulting from domain gap, but also has the ability to apply knowledge trained on a definite domain to a distinct domain. However, aligning the whole feature may confuse the object and background information, making it challenging to extract discriminative features. This paper aims to propose an improved approach which is called intrinsic feature extraction domain adaptation (IFEDA) to extract discriminative features effectively.

IFEDA consists of the intrinsic feature extraction (IFE) module and object consistency constraint (OCC). The IFE module, designed on the instance level, mainly solves the issue of the difficult extraction of discriminative object features. Specifically, the discriminative region of the objects can be paid more attention to. Meanwhile, the OCC is deployed to determine whether category prediction in the target domain brings into correspondence with it in the source domain.

Experimental results demonstrate the validity of our approach and achieve good outcomes on challenging data sets.

Limitations to this research are that only one target domain is applied, and it may change the ability of model generalization when the problem of insufficient data sets or unseen domain appeared.

This paper solves the issue of critical information defects by tackling the difficulty of extracting discriminative features. And the categories in both domains are compelled to be consistent for better object detection.

This study aims to research the erosion wear characteristics and sealing performance of V-regulating ball valve in coal chemical process pipelines, which provides a theoretical reference for improving its antiwear and sealing performance.

Taking the V-regulating ball valve as the research object, based on the computational fluid dynamics and the theory of erosion wear, the authors studied its erosion characteristics under different medium parameters and analyzed the sealing performance under the heat-fluid–solid coupling working condition.

The erosion wear mechanism of the valve sealing surface is the simultaneous action of cutting and deformation. When the medium flow velocity, particle mass flow rate and particle size increase, the maximum erosion rate and average erosion rate in the V-regulating valve increase. The inner diameter Mises contact stress of the sealing surface is symmetrically distributed in a “wing shape,” and the contact stress of the outer diameter is distributed in a “butterfly shape.” Due to the superposition of thermal stress and pressure stress in the contact transition zone to produce a significant stress concentration.

The findings will provide a theoretical basis for improving the erosion resistance and sealing performance of V-regulating ball valve in coal chemical industry.

V-type regulating ball valve is widely favored by coal chemical enterprises and petrochemical enterprises because of its wide adjustment ratio and good erosion resistance.

The V-regulating ball valve wear mechanism for cutting and deformation simultaneously, and its wear rate is positively correlated with the medium flow rate, particle mass flow rate and particle size. After the valve is opened, there is a significant stress concentration occurs in the contact transition zone due to the superposition of thermal stress and compressive stress. The findings will provide a theoretical basis for improving the erosion resistance and sealing performance of V-regulating ball valve in coal chemical industry.

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-06-2024-0205/

The purpose of this paper is to extract electrochemical reaction kinetics parameters, such as Tafel slope, exchange current density and equilibrium potential, which cannot be directly measured, this study aims to propose an improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm.

In traditional PSO algorithms, each particle’s historical optimal solution is compared with the global optimal solution in each iteration step, and the optimal solution is replaced with a certain probability to achieve the goal of jumping out of the local optimum. However, this will to some extent undermine the (true) optimal solution. In view of this, this study has improved the traditional algorithm: at each iteration of each particle, the historical optimal solution is not compared with the global optimal solution. Instead, after all particles have iterated, the optimal solution is selected and compared with the global optimal solution and then the optimal solution is replaced with a certain probability. This to some extent protects the global optimal solution.

The polarization curve plotted by this equation is in good agreement with the experimental values, which demonstrates the reliability of this algorithm and provides a new method for measuring electrochemical parameters.

This study has improved the traditional method, which has high accuracy and can provide great support for corrosion research.