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Islamic financial technology (fintech), primarily peer-to-peer (P2P) lending, plays a substantial role in funding the unbanked population and small and medium enterprises (SMEs) by offering streamlined financial services through online digital technology. In addition, Islamic fintech lending offers a promising return rate for individual and institutional investors, and therefore, it is considered a worthy investment alternative for diversification. This study aims to examine the determinants of project returns of SMEs on Islamic fintech lending platforms, taking the case study of one Islamic fintech lending platform registered at the Financial Service Authority in Indonesia.

Project return information and other information, such as the name of the SME raising fund, project duration, location, contract (aqad) and value (amount of money) to be raised, were extracted from the Islamic fintech lending platform. Furthermore, a regression analysis was performed using the completed projects as sample data (n = 122) on the platform.

The results show that the rate of return is significantly affected by project duration and type of Sharia-compliant contract. Location and project value are, however, found to be statistically insignificant. This study’s overall results align with the Signaling theory, indicating the importance of information for decision-making.

Due to limited access to the data, our study uses data from one of seven Islamic fintech lending platforms; thus, the study results may not be generalized to the general population.

The results suggest that investors aspiring to invest their funds in SME projects on Islamic fintech lending platforms should consider the project duration and contractual agreement since these factors significantly influence the return. Additionally, society may consider the Islamic fintech lending platform a viable investment instrument since its return rate follows the risk-return principle in classical and established finance theories. That is why Islamic fintech lending platforms are competitive compared to the more established ones, such as the Islamic stock market.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first study using an empirical approach to reveal the project return determinants of SMEs on Islamic fintech lending platform.