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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of green human resource management (GHRM) practices on Indian companies of different sectors and to identify the most critical GHRM practices that can lead to a more sustainable and environmentally friendly workplace.

This study uses an integrated Analytic Hierarchy Process-Evaluation based on Distance from Average Solution approach to determine the importance of 32 GHRM practices classified into eight categories, as identified through literature review and expert consultation. This study also identifies the best sector for GHRM practices in India.

This study reveals that employee engagement is the most critical practice among all the GHRM practices identified. India’s Information Technology-Enabled Services sector benefited the most from GHRM practices, followed by the Insurance sector.

This study contributes to the literature on GHRM practices and their impact on organisations and sectors. The integrated Analytic Hierarchy Process-Evaluation based on Distance from Average Solution approach used in this study is innovative and can be helpful for Indian companies to prioritise and implement effective GHRM practices.

The maritime industry is the transport mode that contributes most to air pollution. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) identified the reduction of air pollution by ships as a crucial issue. Since 1 January 2020, ships have had to adopt strategies and new technologies to eliminate air pollution. However, ship compliance with nitrate oxide (NOx) emission restrictions is more challenging. This paper aims to identify shipowners' challenges in investing in new technologies.

This paper applied a hybrid methodology combining a survey, a balanced scorecard and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (F-AHP) to identify and evaluate constraints and weights in investment decision-making for NOx technologies. A survey was carried out to validate constraints.

A survey was carried out, representing 5.1% of Greek-owned ships by deadweight capacity. The findings provide a weighted list of seven crucial technical and economic constraints faced by ship operators. The constraints vary from ship retrofit expenditure to crew training and waste management. Additionally, NOx emission technologies were compared. It was found that liquefied natural gas is the preferred investment option for the survey participants compared with selective catalytic reduction, exhaust gas recirculation and batteries.

Several studies have dealt with the individual technical feasibility of NOx reduction technologies. However, apart from technical feasibility for a shipowner, the selection of a NOx technology has several managerial and safety risks. Therefore, the originality of this paper is to reveal those constraints that have a higher weight on shipowners. With this cost-benefit approach, investment challenges for ship operators are revealed. Policymakers can benefit from the results of the employed methodology.

The COVID-19 pandemic, as well as its effects on education in general, has influenced the leadership landscape of school principals, which may have necessitated adaptations and transitions in their leadership orientation. To better comprehend any variations in the leadership orientation of school principals in response to the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic, this study examines leadership orientation in both the pre-pandemic and post-pandemic periods.

In this quantitative research, the authors collected data from 297 school principals in the Balochistan province of Pakistan using the leadership orientation survey (LOS) in a quantitative research approach.

The results indicated that principals’ leadership orientation underwent an observable transition before and after the pandemic. Principals’ preferred leadership orientation notably changed from solely political before the pandemic to a combination of highly political and symbolic after the pandemic.

Using a survey, the study investigated the transition in school principals’ leadership orientation before and after the pandemic. However, the results do not explain what caused the transition in principals’ leadership orientation, which is the key limitation of this study. Future research within a qualitative approach can study the factors associated with changes in principles’ leadership frames.

The overall findings of the study have implications for scholars, policymakers and educational leaders to reexamine and gain a deeper understanding of the leadership roles of principals in the post-pandemic age. This is because principals now operate in a distinct context characterized by new difficulties and opportunities compared to the pre-pandemic period.

This is an original study that examined the transition of school principals’ leadership orientation before and after the pandemic. The body of literature related to the transition between pre- and post-pandemic is limited both in Pakistan and the rest of the world. This study illuminates the literature in this regard.

With the rapid development of Internet technology, cybersecurity threats such as security loopholes, data leaks, network fraud, and ransomware have become increasingly prominent, and organized and purposeful cyberattacks have increased, posing more challenges to cybersecurity protection. Therefore, reliable network risk assessment methods and effective network security protection schemes are urgently needed.

Based on the dynamic behavior patterns of attackers and defenders, a Bayesian network attack graph is constructed, and a multitarget risk dynamic assessment model is proposed based on network availability, network utilization impact and vulnerability attack possibility. Then, the self-organizing multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on grey wolf optimization is proposed. And the authors use this algorithm to solve the multiobjective risk assessment model, and a variety of different attack strategies are obtained.

The experimental results demonstrate that the method yields 29 distinct attack strategies, and then attacker's preferences can be obtained according to these attack strategies. Furthermore, the method efficiently addresses the security assessment problem involving multiple decision variables, thereby providing constructive guidance for the construction of security network, security reinforcement and active defense.

A method for network risk assessment methods is given. And this study proposed a multiobjective risk dynamic assessment model based on network availability, network utilization impact and the possibility of vulnerability attacks. The example demonstrates the effectiveness of the method in addressing network security risks.

Given the increasing attention on ChatGPT in academia due to its advanced features and capabilities, this study aims to examine the links among Artificial intelligence (AI), knowledge sharing, ethics, academia and libraries in educational institutions. Moreover, this study also aims to provide a literature base while discussing recent trends in AI and ChatGPT technologies, highlighting their specific uses in institutions.

The paper involves a structured interview format where a human interviewer poses questions “Qs” in ChatGPT, related to knowledge sharing, ethics, academia and libraries. Moreover a literature base is also provide to discussed recent trends in AI and ChatGPT technologies, highlighting their specific uses in institutions.

The study find out that AI and ChatGPT technologies in educational institutions affect knowledge sharing, ethical consideration, academia and libraries. This study also highlights literature directions for the trends and proper use of the AI and ChatGPT among institutions, such as improving student-learning engagement.

This research contributes to the prior literature by offering an in-depth review of current uses and applications of AI and ChatGPT in educational institutions. It not only highlights key trends and innovations but also provides insights and guidelines for future research. This study also provides insights and guidelines for future research. Furthermore, the article emphasizes the potential impact of AI and ChatGPT on the future of education and technology.