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I. Rapport de synthèse de André Guignand, Paris Après les souhaits de bienvenue par les représentants des Autorités autrichiennes nationales, régionales et locales qui nous ont si aimablement accueillis, le Président W. Hunziker lance le Congrès en appelant à une concentration des esprits sur ce sujet d'actualité qu'on appelle le Marketing.

Pendant les vingt dernières années la République Populaire de Bulgarie a réalisé des succès considérables dans le développement du tourisme : ils concernent non seulement l'édification de l'infrastructure et la superstructure touristique mais aussi l'augmentation du nombre des paricipants — étrangers et autochtones — dans le flux touristique. Les don‐nées statistiques dans les rapports précédents soulignent très clairement ce fait.

Rapport de synthèse présenté par A. J. Guignand, directeur général de Villages Vacances Familles, Paris J'ai été chargé par le Comité de rédaction du Congrès de résumer et de rassembler les principales idées émises au cours de ce Congrès, tant dans les rapports que dans les discussions qui ont suivi.

Pour tenter de faire une synthèse claire du travail intensif, ce rapport se divisera en trois parties:

The present study aims to investigate the relationship between building regulations, urban planning, and perceptions of housing affordability and prices in Prishtina, Kosovo.

A self-report survey with 1,000 respondents, selected through stratified probability sampling, provided the necessary data. Principal component analysis was applied to the questionnaire's internal structure, while regression analysis helped uncover housing affordability and housing prices perception predictors.

The study found that building regulation standards and zoning/land-use regulations reveal positive relationships with housing prices and housing affordability perception. Among these components, building regulations and standards show a stronger connection with housing affordability and price perception in comparison to urban planning and development.

By investigating the relationship between building regulations, urban planning, and housing affordability and price perception in Prishtina, the present research makes a valuable contribution to the existing literature. The findings of this research hold significant implications for policymakers, urban planners, and developers, highlighting the relevance of adopting a well-balanced approach to building regulations and urban planning in order to uphold and maintain housing affordability and understand housing price dynamics.

The novelty of this research originates from the investigation of these relationships within a rapidly urbanizing city context, contributing to a deeper understanding of the complex dynamics between regulatory policies and outcomes in the housing market. Further research should examine additional dimensions and employ longitudinal designs to gain a deeper understanding of the components predicting housing affordability and price perception in Prishtina and similar urban contexts.

By using panel data for a sample of Bulgarian manufacturing firms we investigate the impact of the privatization process. All sample firms started under state control and many were privatized during the study period. Our rich data enable us to use and estimate a number of specifications to rigorously analyze the impact of privatization, and in particular insider privatization. Contrary to mainstream theory (e.g., Boycko, 1996) and the findings of an influential empirical survey (Djankov & Murrell, 2002), our results show no difference on firm performance for insider versus other methods of privatization. As such our findings more nearly support those of other studies for Bulgaria (e.g., Miller & Lazorov, 2011; Jones, Rock, & Klinedinst, 1998) and selected studies for other transition countries (e.g., Jones & Mygind, 1999 for Estonia).

Ci‐après, nous publions — le programme du 21e Congrès de l'AIEST — Association internationale d'experts scientifiques du tourisme,

In this paper, based on the density functional theory (DFT) and finite element method (FEM), the elastic, buckling and vibrational behaviors of the monolayer bismuthene are studied.

The computed elastic properties based on DFT are used to develop a finite element (FE) model for the monolayer bismuthene in which the Bi-Bi bonds are simulated by beam elements. Furthermore, mass elements are used to model the Bi atoms. The developed FE model is used to compute Young's modulus of monolayer bismuthene. The model is then used to evaluate the buckling force and fundamental natural frequency of the monolayer bismuthene with different geometrical parameters.

Comparing the results of the FEM and DFT, it is shown that the proposed model can predict Young's modulus of the monolayer bismuthene with an acceptable accuracy. It is also shown that the influence of the vertical side length on the fundamental natural frequency of the monolayer bismuthene is not significant. However, vibrational characteristics of the bismuthene are significantly affected by the horizontal side length.

DFT and FEM are used to study the elastic, vibrational and buckling properties of the monolayer bismuthene. The developed model can be used to predict Young's modulus of the monolayer bismuthene accurately. Effect of the vertical side length on the fundamental natural frequency is negligible. However, vibrational characteristics are significantly affected by the horizontal side length.

Durant les quinze dernières années, la R. P. de Bulgarie a fourni un long effort en faveur du développement du tourisme international d'accueil: une base matérielle et technique moderne a été créée, des établissements scolaires secondaires, semisupérieurs et supérieurs ont été fondés pour la formation du personnel spécialisé, les formalités de passeports et de douanes ont été réduites au minimum et, à partir de 1967, notre pays a adopté unilatéralement le régime «sans visa» pour tous les touristes étrangers. De même, pour mieux accueillir les touristes, nous avons établi un réseau compétent d'organes, d'organisations et d'entreprises touristiques spécialisés.

Le rôle sans cesse croissant du tourisme dans nos sociétés induit inévitablement diverses conséquences économiques, sociales et culturelles dont certaines dans le domaine de l'emploi et de la formation.