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Article
Publication date: 1 March 1942

T.L. GARNER

THE present serious position in the main rubber‐producing countries, clue to the Japanese invasion, will inevitably be felt throughout the entire rubber industry and must be…

65

Abstract

THE present serious position in the main rubber‐producing countries, clue to the Japanese invasion, will inevitably be felt throughout the entire rubber industry and must be appreciated by all other industries which normally draw rubber products from it. The extent to which the usage of raw rubber must be cut will probably become progressively greater and in the case of all products consideration must be given to one or other of the following:—

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Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 14 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

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Article
Publication date: 1 August 1937

T.L. Garner

UNTIL the introduction of the synthetic rubber‐like materials of various chemical constitutions, the development of qualities to resist oil has been a problem of compounding…

57

Abstract

UNTIL the introduction of the synthetic rubber‐like materials of various chemical constitutions, the development of qualities to resist oil has been a problem of compounding ordinary rubber with suitable ingredients to give as low a swelling figure in oil as possible. Generally speaking, the more the rubber content could be reduced the greater the resistance of the compound, and the production of really high rubber content oil resisting rubbers was only possible to a limited extent.

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Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 9 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

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Article
Publication date: 1 July 1938

T.L. Garner

SOME time ago a series of tests were described in these columns on synthetic rubber‐like materials in certain oils, including one to DTD.44B specification. Since that time there…

40

Abstract

SOME time ago a series of tests were described in these columns on synthetic rubber‐like materials in certain oils, including one to DTD.44B specification. Since that time there has been much further development of these new materials and, in particular, a Buna type of synthetic rubber has become available in this country. These German products were not available for export until the latter part of 1937, and, in fact, prior to that time severe penalties were imposed to prevent even samples being surreptitiously taken out of the country. Only one type is available up to the present, a modified Buna N, called in this country Perbunan, but this is the type most suitable for use in oil and solvent resisting rubbers.

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Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 10 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

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Article
Publication date: 1 August 1941

T.L Garner

THE term synthetic rubber is strictly related only to a product which is physically and chemically indistinguishable from natural rubber; no material has been developed fitting…

127

Abstract

THE term synthetic rubber is strictly related only to a product which is physically and chemically indistinguishable from natural rubber; no material has been developed fitting such a definition and synthetic substances which possess properties approximating to those of the natural product are generally regarded as synthetic rubbers. More exact definition has been attempted by many authors in particular to so‐regard only those products which are capable of vulcanization, thus turning from plastic to clastic bodies. No new word describing the synthetic bodies has been accepted and it will now prove difficult to divorce the term “synthetic rubber” from any material showing reasonably comparable properties with natural rubber.

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Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 13 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1937

T.L. Garner

RUBBER used for aircraft purposes must be of high quality, and this factor must overrule anything else in the production of the necessary parts. The materials used in compounding…

75

Abstract

RUBBER used for aircraft purposes must be of high quality, and this factor must overrule anything else in the production of the necessary parts. The materials used in compounding arc the best procurable, and control tests arc operated at suitable points during the manufacturing process to ensure the maintenance of a consistent standard.

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Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 9 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 14 April 2020

Joshua Siegel and Willemijn van Dolen

Volunteers at child helplines play an important role in providing support for children, so keeping them satisfied during encounters is crucial to continue helping children. The…

1561

Abstract

Purpose

Volunteers at child helplines play an important role in providing support for children, so keeping them satisfied during encounters is crucial to continue helping children. The purpose of this study is to understand how children’s perceptions of instrumental and emotional support (partner effects) influence volunteer encounter satisfaction, and whether this effect is moderated by a volunteer’s previous encounter experience and levels of interpersonal and service-offering adaptiveness.

Design/methodology/approach

The sample consisted of 377 dyads of 116 volunteers and 377 children from online service encounters at a child helpline. Questionnaires were used to measure satisfaction, support and volunteer adaptiveness. A multilevel model was estimated to test the hypothesized moderation effects.

Findings

This study revealed that the instrumental support partner effect positively influenced volunteer encounter satisfaction. This relationship was stronger when the previous encounter was less satisfying or for volunteers with higher interpersonal, but not higher service-offering, adaptiveness. Negative effects on the relationship between the emotional support partner effect and volunteer encounter satisfaction were found after a less satisfying previous encounter or for volunteers with higher interpersonal adaptiveness.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the services and volunteerism literature by providing a unique perspective on the interpersonal influence between volunteers and children during service encounters. In the context of child helplines, this paper illustrates how volunteer encounter satisfaction is a function of the intricate interplay between children’s perceptions of the service encounter and volunteers’ perceptions of previous experiences and their adaptiveness.

Details

Journal of Services Marketing, vol. 34 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0887-6045

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Article
Publication date: 8 February 2013

Tiffany Derville Gallicano

The purpose of this paper is to advance knowledge about organization‐public relationships by establishing a theoretical category for understanding them and by contributing to a…

1511

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to advance knowledge about organization‐public relationships by establishing a theoretical category for understanding them and by contributing to a foundation of knowledge in that category. Relationship stresses are presented as the factors that constrain organization‐public relationships. This study identifies stresses on the relationship between a grassroots advocacy organization and its former members, as well as stresses between the organization and members who have decreased their participation in it.

Design/methodology/approach

In‐person interviews were conducted with 24 people, phone interviews were conducted with 44 people, and e‐mail interviews were conducted with 13 people. Interviewees included staff members, former volunteers, and volunteers who had decreased their participation in the organization.

Findings

Several relationship stresses were identified: the silver curtain, the emotion tax, relationship speeding, invisible isms, weak leadership, disagreement with decisions, the revolving door, overworking volunteers, underworking volunteers, age, and health.

Research limitations/implications

This study contributes a new category for relationship management scholarship, which can be productive for theory building. It also illuminates Dozier and Lauzen's questioning about the unique conditions of social movement organizations.

Practical implications

Established cultivation strategies can actually aggravate publics when a relationship has significantly deteriorated and the root problem is not addressed.

Originality/value

Recognizing problems in the relationship between an advocacy organization and members results in a deep understanding of a unique context for public relations practice. In addition, this study illuminates a context for cultivation strategies by codifying a foundation of relationship stresses. Identifying stresses to relationships can help scholars and practitioners ascertain problems and treat those problems at the root level.

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Article
Publication date: 23 February 2021

Eric Beckman, Tianyu Pan, Miranda Kitterlin and Lisa Cain

The purpose of this study is to identify the motivating factors that influence repeat participation among university student volunteers at a world-renowned food festival. The…

1006

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to identify the motivating factors that influence repeat participation among university student volunteers at a world-renowned food festival. The direct and indirection relationship (through attitude toward volunteering) was tested. Additionally, the moderating role of class standing between student volunteers' motivations, attitudes and repeat volunteer intention was assessed.

Design/methodology/approach

Researchers applied a quantitative methodology to data collected after the festival volunteering experience. The research team collected 205 useable surveys from university student volunteers at the Food Network and Cooking Channel South Beach Wine and Food Festival (SOBEWFF®). Structural equation modeling was used to test the relationships among volunteer motivations, attitude toward volunteering and intention to continue volunteering. Lastly, a multiple-group analysis was applied to test the moderating role of class standing.

Findings

The results showed the motivating factors purposive, personal enrichment and family traditions were significant in predicting attitude toward volunteering. These motivations did not significantly affect intention to continue volunteering; thus researchers found only an indirect relationship (through attitude toward volunteering) between volunteering motivations and intention to continue volunteering. Additionally, a positive attitude toward volunteering resulted in an intention to continue volunteering. Lastly, testing the moderating role of class standing revealed significant results on three pathways, indicating that students are motivated to volunteer differently based upon class standing (freshman through junior vs. senior, graduate).

Research limitations/implications

The data were collected prior to COVID-19, and the ways in which COVID-19 has impacted the events industry and the scape of future events are yet to be determined.

Practical implications

Festival organizers and managers should appeal to different motivations of potential student volunteers depending on their class standing. For example, results of the moderator “class standing” indicated that the relationship between personal enrichment motivation and attitude toward volunteering was strongest and significant among freshmen, sophomores and juniors, but insignificant among seniors and graduate students. Thus, freshmen through juniors are more highly motivated to obtain practical experiences, and this motivation results in a positive attitude toward volunteering.

Originality/value

This study tests the moderating role of class standing to help predict intention to continue volunteering at a special event. The research is further unique by extending an understanding of the validity and reliability of the special events volunteer motivations scale.

Details

International Journal of Event and Festival Management, vol. 12 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1758-2954

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 18 May 2018

Charlotte Smithson, Jennifer Rowley and Roger Fullwood

The purpose of this paper is to offer insights into the processes associated with promoting volunteer engagement adopted by a large UK heritage attraction during a period of…

445

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to offer insights into the processes associated with promoting volunteer engagement adopted by a large UK heritage attraction during a period of significant change. Engaged volunteers were regarded as essential to sustain, and where appropriate, to enhance the customer experience.

Design/methodology/approach

A case study approach was adopted. This involved review of relevant documentation and interviews and focus groups between researchers, managers and volunteers.

Findings

Working from the philosophical stance that information and involvement are strong predecessors to “buy-in”, the managers of the attraction used a series of initiatives that kept volunteers both informed and involved. These initiatives include a values-based induction programme, information and communication, training and development, and creating new narratives.

Originality/value

Volunteer engagement influences volunteer commitment to the organisation. This case study offers some insights into initiatives adopted in one heritage organisation to promote volunteer engagement, and thereby provides a basis for other organisations to reflect on their practices in this area.

Details

Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, vol. 8 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2044-1266

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 1 September 1959

J.F. Harriman

THE elastic members used in flexible engine mountings are nearly always made of rubber, cither natural or synthetic, bonded or unbonded. The reason for this is that although…

50

Abstract

THE elastic members used in flexible engine mountings are nearly always made of rubber, cither natural or synthetic, bonded or unbonded. The reason for this is that although metallic springs could be designed to have the required stiffness properties they have very little natural damping and would allow very large amplitudes to build up at resonant conditions unless some external damping device such as friction disks or oil dashpots were employed. Also it is a difficult matter to anchor a metallic spring in such a way that fretting will not occur at the fixing point. Rubber on the other hand has considerable damping properties and it is this (plus its high specific resilience) which has largely determined its pre‐eminence in this field.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 31 no. 9
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

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