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While the conceptualization and operationalization of export performance has been receiving increased attention in the literature, practically all multi‐item measures of export performance available are based on reflective (effect) indicators. Explores an alternative measurement approach based on formative (causal) indicators and examines the implications of constructing an index rather than a scale of export performance. The aim is to assist researchers in choosing the appropriate measurement model for their needs when conducting substantive export performance studies.

This paper aims to examine the de-internationalization process to determine how different forms of attitudinal commitment influence the de-internationalization process.

Because of the exploratory nature of the study, a case study design is used. Two cases of Swedish companies, which de-internationalize from the French market, are studied.

Different commitment profiles influence the de-internationalization process. In particular, a general commitment profile, in which affective, normative, instrumental and continuance commitment play a role, influences the timing of de-internationalization, while the effort directed toward the execution of de-internationalization is mainly influenced by normative commitment and the extent of de-internationalization mainly by instrumental commitment.

By offering three propositions regarding the four types of commitment and the effects of these commitment types on the process of de-internationalization, the authors contribute to the literature on de-internationalization and the commitment literature.

The findings suggest that there is a risk that managers continue to commit resources to a market for a longer period without clear benefits because of affective and continuance commitment. As local employees persist in committing to the local market because of continuance commitment, offering viable alternatives reduces commitment to the foreign operations.

Distinguishing between different types of commitment, the paper builds on a more fine-grained typology of commitment than previous internationalization literature. Thereby, the paper opens up for new insights in the de-internationalization process.

The purpose of this paper is to describe and explain the export behaviour (EB) developed by the Chilean service sector exporter firms using longitudinal data, to contribute to the scarce literature in this field in emerging markets.

Chilean service sector exporter firms are studied through a longitudinal analysis (2006 to 2015) comparing EB (continual/discontinual exporters) with respect to market diversification (MD). Considering a quantitative hypothesis test, based on a t-test, comparing these two groups of firms, using STATA software.

According to this research, scarce MD promotes a discontinual export development process in Chilean service sector exporter firms.

It is important to define public policies focussed on maintaining exportation over time and also to support these firms in diversifying their markets.

This paper shows a means of analysis, using longitudinal data, to compare large groups of firms, describing the causes of the discontinual export development process. At the same time, it enhances the literature on service sector exporters.

El propósito de este trabajo es describir y explicar la conducta exportadora desarrollada por las empresas chilenas exportadoras del sector de servicios utilizando datos longitudinales, para contrinuir a la escasa literature en este campo, respecto de países en vías de desarrollo.

Las empresas chilenas exportadoras del sector de servicios son analizadas a través de un estudio longitudinal entre los años 2006 y 2015, comparando la conducta exportadora (Exportadores continuos y exportadores discontinuos) respecto de su diversificación de mercados. Considerando un test de hipótesis cuantitativo, basado en T-test, comparando estos conjuntos de empresas hemos utilizando el software STATA.

De acuerdo a esta investigación, una escasa diversificación de mercados promueve la exportación discontinua entre las empresas chilenas exportadoras del sector de servicios.

Es importante definir políticas públicas enfocadas en mantener la exportación a través del tiempo y también apoyar la diversificación de sus mercados en las empresas chilenas exportadoras del sector de servicios.

Este trabajo muestra un medio de análisis, utilizando datos longitudinales, para compara grupos grandes de empresas, describiendo las causas del desarrollo del proceso de de exportación discontinua. Al mismo tiempo que mejora la literatura acerca del sector exportador de servicios.

The purpose of this paper is to examine deinternationalisation through the lens of coevolutionary theory. The intention is to offer a fuller understanding of the processes and strategic challenges involved in this process and establish a path for future research in this area of internationalisation theory.

The paper draws links between emerging themes in organizational theory and internationalisation to aid the conceptual development and understanding of the process of deinternationalisation.

The exploration of links between organizational theory and internationalisation allows for the process of deinternationalisation to be more fully distinguished. The paper identifies processes of managed selection and retardation that will inform this process of organizational change.

Whilst there are concerns over the applicability of concepts from natural sciences within the social sciences, the paper does offer a number of research propositions to guide future academic investigation within the field of deinternationalisation.

By linking research on coevolution to the study of internationalisation, the paper contributes to the understanding of the emergence of differing paths and trajectories involved in the process of international contraction and expansion. Furthermore, coevolutionary theory allows the process of deinternationalisation to be conceptualized as a means of generating and guiding future study on this under‐explored area of internationalization research.

Export performance research has proliferated in the last decade. Significant progress has been made in developing better theory and knowledge of the export performance of firms. However, the field of inquiry is characterized by a diversity of conceptual, methodological, and empirical approaches that inhibit the development of clear conclusions regarding the determinants of export performance. In this article, an updated review and synthesis of the empirical literature on determinants of export performance between 1987 and 1997 is offered. Using a combination of the narrative and vote‐counting approaches, 50 studies were identified, reviewed, and synthesized. Major directions for future research are also discussed.

The purpose of this paper is to use the resource‐based view (RBV) to analyze the influence of the resources available for the export activity (deriving from the firm's size, experience and structure) and the international marketing strategy on export performance.

A sample of Spanish companies is analyzed using logit modeling.

The results show that the resources available are essential antecedents of the type of export strategy chosen by the firm to compete in international markets and of its export performance. Likewise, although the international expansion strategy adopted does not affect export performance, the decision about whether to standardize or adapt the marketing‐mix elements does have an impact.

The paper tries to solve the problem arising from the contradictory results on the effect of export performance antecedents using the RBV as theoretical foundation. With that purpose, the authors analyze jointly the factors proposed as potential determinants in this research.

This study examines the issue of how export market‐oriented behaviors influence export success. Using survey data obtained from Hong Kong based manufacturing exporters, our findings suggest that export market‐oriented behaviors are important predictors of several dimensions of export performance. In particular, it appears that this behavior is most important for exporters operating under conditions of high environmental turbulence. The export market‐oriented behavior – export performance relationship for these firms, was generally positive and strong. However, under conditions of low environmental turbulence, the costs of developing and implementing high levels of export market‐oriented behavior may outweigh the benefits accrued.

This study adopts the Miles and Snow typology as a framework for analyzing export performance of manufacturing firms. The study investigates the role of distinctive competence and various strategic responses of firms belonging to each strategic type on their foreign market performance. The results of this study show that a firm’s strengths and strategic responses are related and that the impact of strategic responses on export performance differs according to the firm’s strategic type. Based on these results, the strengths that defenders, prospectors and analyzers should build and maintain as well as the strategic responses that each should pursue are identified.

The extent to which and ways in which export information is used can play a significant role in a firm's level of export performance. Surprisingly, however, little empirical research has been conducted in the area of export information use, and even less attention has been paid to potential cross‐national differences in how export information is used. The focus of this study is the examination of export information use practices across different countries. Data from a total sample of 989 exporting companies across Austria, Germany, New Zealand, the UK, and the USA were analyzed using analyses of covariance to control for extraneous, firm‐level variables. The results indicate that firms from all countries use information instrumentally/conceptually more often than symbolically; they also tend to use export market intelligence more than other sources of information. Further, examination of the findings revealed that firms from different countries also use information differently. For instance, US exporters are much more symbolic in their use of information than exporters from the other countries, while Austrian exporters tend not to use information symbolically. Implications and limitations are discussed and future research avenues are proposed.

This paper proffers the viewpoint that existing theory in internationalization is insufficient to explain the currently observed behaviors of firms in the international business marketplace. It examines the impact of the global economy, the service economy, the new economy, the high technology and connected knowledge/network economy, and the value economy on the changing shape of international business behavior. Drawbacks to traditional theories are explored in terms of the speed of internationalization, the limits of psychic distance, the range of entry modes accommodated, the unit of analysis used, the absence of portfolio logic, experiential learning, manufacturing focus, undervaluing managers and incorporating customer value, while encouraging theorists to both adapt current models and develop new ones.