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1 – 8 of 8Lakhwinder Singh Kang and Payal Nanda
The purpose of this paper is to analyse the impact of company performance, governance structure and ownership structure in determining the managerial remuneration for 134 listed…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyse the impact of company performance, governance structure and ownership structure in determining the managerial remuneration for 134 listed companies in India over the years 2003-2012.
Design/methodology/approach
Remuneration paid to the board of directors of companies is taken to represent the managerial remuneration. Exogeneity among the company performance measures is verified with the endogtest suggested in Baum et al. (2007). A fixed effects panel regression with clustered standard errors is employed after checking for the presence of heteroskedasticity, autocorrelation and cross-sectional dependence in the data.
Findings
The study reveals that managerial remuneration increases as the accounting performance of companies improves, whereas the market performance of companies has no significant association with managerial remuneration. The study also shows that foreign institutional shareholding is significantly and positively related with managerial remuneration in India.
Research limitations/implications
This study highlights the various factors which affect the determination of managerial remuneration in India. These findings can be used as inputs by regulatory authorities in framing and improving governance norms regarding managerial remuneration. This study also suggests that factors other than the number, the independence and objectivity of independent directors are more important in determining managerial remuneration.
Originality/value
The present study proposes more reliable results, obtained through a fixed effects panel regression model with clustered standard error estimates and also checks endogeneity of performance measures with the endogtest, which is the appropriate test to use for verifying endogeneity in panel data.
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Lakhwinder Singh Kang and Payal Nanda
This study aims to analyse the impact of company performance, company size, ownership structure, board characteristics and other company characteristics on the disclosure of…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to analyse the impact of company performance, company size, ownership structure, board characteristics and other company characteristics on the disclosure of managerial remuneration in 134 listed companies in India from the year 2003 to 2012.
Design/methodology/approach
A disclosure and compliance index is developed on the basis of 14 statements prepared regarding the disclosure of managerial remuneration in corporate governance reports of companies. The Papke and Wooldridge (2008) approach is adopted to estimate fractional response models, and fractional probit model is estimated using the generalised estimating equation approach, with an independent working correlation matrix to determine the effect of various company attributes on managerial remuneration disclosure.
Findings
The study shows that company size and the presence of remuneration committee are significantly related with the disclosure and compliance index of managerial remuneration. Remuneration disclosure is found to be time-dependent as time dummies for all years are found to be significant.
Research limitations/implications
This study highlights the importance of the formation of remuneration committees on corporate boards. The findings of the present study can be used as inputs for promoting better compliance and comprehensive executive remuneration disclosure.
Originality/value
Nothing concrete in the field of managerial remuneration disclosure (to the best of researcher’s knowledge) has yet been done in an emerging economy such as India. This study aims to address this gap by deriving a disclosure and compliance index for managerial remuneration disclosure and examining the impact of various corporate attributes on it.
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Navneet Kaur and Lakhwinder Singh Kang
Drawing from the gender schema theory and social role theory, the purpose of this study is to assess the gender-congruent nature of organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs…
Abstract
Purpose
Drawing from the gender schema theory and social role theory, the purpose of this study is to assess the gender-congruent nature of organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) through the mediating role of gender role orientation (femininity and masculinity) in the relationship between individuals sex and OCB dimensions. It also explores the moderating effect of gender ideology on the influence of sex on the exhibition of gender-congruent OCBs.
Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected in two waves with a time lag of three weeks from frontline employees and their peers working in the Indian private banking sector. PROCESS macro was used to assess the hypothesized relationships.
Findings
The results indicated that femininity mediated the influence of sex on OCBs directed toward co-workers (OCBI). However, the mediating role of femininity was not confirmed in the association between sex and OCBs targeted toward customers (OCBC). Further, masculinity mediated the influence of sex on OCBs directed toward the organization (OCBO). Gender ideology also moderated the relationship between sex and OCBs, such that traditional women displayed more OCBI as compared to egalitarian women, while egalitarian women displayed more OCBC than traditional women. Additionally, traditional men were found to display more OCBO than egalitarian men.
Originality/value
The paper contributes to the existing literature by suggesting that the performance of OCBs depends upon various gender identities, with each gender identity having its own and significant effect on the performance of OCB.
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Navneet Kaur and Lakhwinder Singh Kang
Past research has generally associated organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) with positive individual and organizational outcomes, paying little attention to its possible…
Abstract
Purpose
Past research has generally associated organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) with positive individual and organizational outcomes, paying little attention to its possible costs for individuals. Drawing from the conservation of resource theory (COR), the purpose of this paper is to address this gap by developing an integrative framework that simultaneously investigates the potential costs and benefits of OCB for individuals. In addition, the paper also investigates the down-streaming effects of OCB on workplace well-being (job satisfaction and affective commitment) favorably via psychological well-being and unfavorably via role overload.
Design/methodology/approach
A sample of 566 employees working in private sector banks in India was collected by using multi-stage random sampling approach. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the hypothesized relationships. Parallel mediation regression analysis was used for ascertaining the specific indirect effects of the two parallel mediators.
Findings
Results indicate that OCBs targeted toward co-workers (OCBI), organization (OCBO) and customers (OCBC) were positively associated with psychological well-being. Simultaneously, OCBO was found to be positively associated with higher role overload. Further, psychological well-being and role overload mediated the effect of various dimensions of OCB on employees’ workplace well-being.
Originality/value
The study contributes to the existing literature by investigating both the beneficial and detrimental effects of various dimensions of OCB into one theoretical framework. By doing so, the study attempts to bridge the gap in the literature by linking these two divergent streams of research, i.e. whether OCB is beneficial or costly for individuals.
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Abha Bhalla and Lakhwinder Singh Kang
The purpose of this paper is to examine the pattern of work-family interface outcomes by empirically testing work-family conflict and facilitation bidirectional dimensions…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the pattern of work-family interface outcomes by empirically testing work-family conflict and facilitation bidirectional dimensions simultaneously in relation to domains-specific (job and family) and domain nonspecific (life) satisfactions. In addition, the indirect effects of work-family interface dimensions on life satisfaction (LS), mediated through both domain-specific satisfactions are also examined to understand which domain satisfaction elicits major impact on LS.
Design/methodology/approach
Structural equation modeling analysis was conducted on questionnaire data obtained from 212 fulltime journalists working in top ten dailies of Punjab, India. Parallel multiple mediated regression was used to estimate specific indirect effects caused by each of the two parallel mediators (job satisfaction (JS) and family satisfaction (FS)).
Findings
Results illustrate that both dimensions of work-family conflict strongly decreased satisfaction of an originating domain than satisfaction of the receiving domain while both dimensions of work-family facilitation increased satisfaction of both the domains on equal basis. Results further reveal that the effect of work-family conflict and facilitation dimensions on LS is indirect rather than direct. On comparison of specific indirect effects results demonstrate that only originating domain satisfaction act as a mediator to work-family conflict and LS relationship, while both JS and FS act as mediators to work-family facilitation and LS relationship.
Practical implications
Media organizations can offer interventions like family friendly policies, overtime pay, more autonomy, work rewards and skill variety, so that employees’ workplace resource reservoir can be strongly built up to meet future work and family demands. In this way, positive intrusion from work-to-family takes place, which leads to more JS and FS and in turn increased overall LS.
Originality/value
The study removes inconsistency regarding pattern of work-family conflict and facilitation outcomes by testing a comprehensive model that integrates originating domain, receiving-domain and domain-nonspecific outcomes.
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Lakhwinder Singh, Sangyul Ha, Sanjay Vohra and Manu Sharma
Modeling of material behavior by physically or microstructure-based models helps in understanding the relationships between its properties and microstructure. However, the…
Abstract
Purpose
Modeling of material behavior by physically or microstructure-based models helps in understanding the relationships between its properties and microstructure. However, the majority of the numerical investigations on the prediction of the deformation behavior of AA2024 alloy are limited to the use of phenomenological or empirical constitutive models, which fail to take into account the actual microscopic-level mechanisms (i.e. crystallographic slip) causing plastic deformation. In order to achieve accurate predictions, the microstructure-based constitutive models involving the underlying physical deformation mechanisms are more reliable. Therefore, the aim of this work is to predict the mechanical response of AA2024-T3 alloy subjected to uniaxial tension at different strain rates, using a dislocation density-based crystal plasticity model in conjunction with computational homogenization.
Design/methodology/approach
A dislocation density-based crystal plasticity (CP) model along with computational homogenization is presented here for predicting the mechanical behavior of aluminium alloy AA2024-T3 under uniaxial tension at different strain rates. A representative volume element (RVE) containing 400 grains subjected to periodic boundary conditions has been used for simulations. The effect of mesh discretization on the mechanical response is investigated by considering different meshing resolutions for the RVE. Material parameters of the CP model have been calibrated by fitting the experimental data. Along with the CP model, Johnson–Cook (JC) model is also used for examining the stress-strain behavior of the alloy at various strain rates. Validation of the predictions of CP and JC models is done with the experimental results where the CP model has more accurately captured the deformation behavior of the aluminium alloy.
Findings
The CP model is able to predict the mechanical response of AA2024-T3 alloy over a wide range of strain rates with a single set of material parameters. Furthermore, it is observed that the inhomogeneity in stress-strain fields at the grain level is linked to both the orientation of the grains as well as their interactions with one another. The flow and hardening rule parameters influencing the stress-strain curve and capturing the strain rate dependency are also identified.
Originality/value
Computational homogenization-based CP modeling and simulation of deformation behavior of polycrystalline alloy AA2024-T3 alloy at various strain rates is not available in the literature. Therefore, the present computational homogenization-based CP model can be used for predicting the deformation behavior of AA2024-T3 alloy more accurately at both micro and macro scales, under different strain rates.
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Navneet Kaur and Lakhwinder Singh Kang
Based on the conservation of resource (COR) theory, this study investigates the association between the perception of organizational politics and organizational citizenship…
Abstract
Purpose
Based on the conservation of resource (COR) theory, this study investigates the association between the perception of organizational politics and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) while considering the mediating role of knowledge hiding and moderating role of political skill in this process.
Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected in a time-lagged survey in two waves with a three-week interval from frontline employees and their peers working in private sector banks in India. The hypothesized relationships were ascertained using the PROCESS macro for SPSS.
Findings
The results revealed a negative association between the perception of organizational politics and OCBs targeted at co-workers (OCBI), organization (OCBO) and customers (OCBC), both directly and indirectly, via knowledge hiding. Additionally, the negative indirect effect of the perception of organizational politics on OCB facets, via knowledge hiding, is buffered for individuals with high levels of political skill.
Originality/value
The current study portrays a more comprehensive understanding of the dynamics between the perception of organizational politics and OCB, with a particular emphasis on identifying the unidentified factors that may impact this liaison.
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This paper aims to verify whether the integration of sustainability in executive compensation positively affects firms’ non-financial performance and whether corporate governance…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to verify whether the integration of sustainability in executive compensation positively affects firms’ non-financial performance and whether corporate governance characteristics enhance the relationship between sustainability compensation and firms’ non-financial performance and to expand the domain of the impact of sustainability on non-financial performance.
Design/methodology/approach
This analysis is based on a sample of companies listed on the Milan Italian Stock Exchange from the Financial Times Milan Stock Exchange Index over the 2016–2020 period. Regression analysis was used by using data retrieved from the Refinitiv Eikon database and the sample firms’ remuneration reports.
Findings
The findings of this paper show that embedding sustainability in executive compensation positively affects firms’ non-financial performance. The results of this paper also reveal that specific corporate governance features can improve the impact of sustainability on non-financial performance.
Research limitations/implications
This analysis is limited to Italian firms included in the Financial Times Milan Stock Exchange Index; however, the findings are highly significant.
Practical implications
The findings provide regulators with useful insights for considering the integration of sustainability goals into executive remuneration. Another implication is that policymakers should require – at least – listed firms to fulfil specific corporate governance structural requirements. Finally, the findings can provide investors and financial analysts with a greater awareness of the role played by executive remuneration in the long-term value-creation process.
Originality/value
This paper contributes to addressing the relationship among sustainability, remuneration and non-financial disclosure, drawing on the stakeholder–agency theoretical framework and focusing on Italian firms. This issue has received limited attention with controversial results in the literature.
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