The efficacy of government strategies to control the COVID-19 pandemic
International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy
ISSN: 0144-333X
Article publication date: 7 July 2023
Issue publication date: 19 February 2024
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to explore the efficacy of government policy directions in mitigating the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic by employing a panel of 22 countries throughout the 2020-second quarter of 2022.
Design/methodology/approach
The panel autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model is employed to examine this phenomenon and to investigate the long-run effects of government policy decisions on infection and mortality rates from the pandemic.
Findings
The study reveals the following key findings: (1) Income support and debt relief facilities and stringent standards of governments are associated with reduced infection and death rates. (2) The response of governments has resulted in decreased mortality rates while simultaneously leading to an unexpected increase in infection rates. (3) Containment and healthcare practices have led to a decrease in infection rates but an increase in mortality rates, presenting another counterintuitive outcome. Despite the expectation that robust government responses would decrease infection rates and that healthcare containment practices would reduce mortality, these results highlight a lack of health equity and the challenge of achieving high vaccination rates across countries.
Research limitations/implications
To effectively combat the spread of COVID-19, it is crucial to implement containment health practices in conjunction with tracing and individual-level quarantine. Simply implementing containment health measures without these interconnected strategies would be ineffective. Therefore, policy implications derived from containment health measures should be accompanied by targeted, aggressive, and rapid containment strategies aimed at significantly reducing the number of individuals infected with COVID-19.
Practical implications
This study concludes by suggesting the importance of implementing economic support in terms of income, and debt relief has played a crucial role in mitigating the spread of COVID-19 infections and reducing fatality rates.
Social implications
To effectively combat the spread of COVID-19, it is crucial to implement containment health practices in conjunction with tracing and individual-level quarantine. Simply implementing containment health measures without these interconnected strategies would be ineffective. Therefore, policy implications derived from containment health measures should be accompanied by targeted, aggressive, and rapid containment strategies aimed at significantly reducing the number of individuals infected with COVID-19.
Originality/value
This research makes a unique contribution to the existing literature by investigating the impact of government responses on reducing COVID-19 infections and fatalities, specifically focusing on the period before COVID-19 vaccinations became available.
Keywords
Acknowledgements
The authors express their gratitude to the University of Southern Queensland for providing a valuable learning opportunity, the Accelerating Higher Education Expansion and Development (AHEAD) project for awarding the PhD Tuition Fee Scholarship 2021–2024, and the University of Colombo, Sri Lanka for study leave funding over 2021–2024 and to conduct this research.
Citation
Rathnayaka, I.W., Khanam, R. and Rahman, M.M. (2024), "The efficacy of government strategies to control the COVID-19 pandemic", International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, Vol. 44 No. 1/2, pp. 43-58. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSSP-05-2023-0114
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
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